菌株Citrobacter sp.ZY630铁(Ⅱ)氧化硝酸盐还原生物学和化学途径

实验室分离纯化出一株具有反硝化功能的兼性厌氧菌,16 S rDNA序列分析其为柠檬酸杆菌属,命名为Citrobacter sp.ZY630.对菌株利用Fe(Ⅱ)还原NO-3过程进行探究,结果表明,在无外加有机物的情况下,菌株ZY630可以以Fe2+为电子供体还原NO-3,经过120 h反应,Fe2++菌组约1.1 mmol/L的NO-3完全降解,产物包含NO-2、N2和N2 O.通过对照分析,发现体系中NO-3-NO-2的转化是由生物作用主导.同时发现6 mmol/L Fe2++菌组较3 mmol/L Fe2++菌组反硝化程度进行更彻底,表明Fe2+有助于促进该体系反硝化过程.进一步探究菌株ZY630利用Fe2+降解NO-2过程,发现120 h后,加菌加Fe2+体系的Fe2+氧化总量与NO-2还原总量的摩尔比约为2.22,较只加Fe2+体系的摩尔比略高,表明NO-2和Fe2+之间化学反应占优.所以,菌株ZY630厌氧亚铁氧化硝酸盐还原是一个生物化学耦合过程.     

对氨基苯磺酸重氮化偶联反应的光谱特性及其分析应用

在稀盐酸介质中,NO-2与对氨基苯磺酸重氮化后与二盐酸 1 萘基乙二胺偶联生成紫红色偶氮染料,在碱性介质中染料的最大吸收波长位于500nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为2 6×104L·mol-1·cm-1.据此建立了在碱性介质中测定痕量亚硝酸根的吸光光度法.NO-2的浓度在0～2 8mg/L范围内符合比耳定律,对于NO-2的检出限为2 6μg/L.方法用于环境水样、蔬菜、香肠和合成水样中NO-2的测定,回收率为94 0%～105 0%.     

还原紫外分光光度法测定水中NO-3

基于NO-3 在酸性介质中被锌粉还原后 ,溶液紫外吸收光谱将发生显著变化的原理 ,建立了测定水中NO-3浓度的还原紫外分光光度法。该方法采用的波长为 2 0 2 .0nm ,水样的 pH值控制为 7,以试样还原前后在该条件下的吸光度变化值ΔA对NO-3 溶液的浓度进行标定。还原紫外分光光度法测定NO-3 浓度的线性范围为 0～ 8.5mg/L ,最低检出限为 0 .0 2mg/L ,且F-、Cl-以及HCO-3 等常见离子对测定不产生干扰。地下水、自来水、雪水以及湖水等实际水样的测定结果及加标回收实验结果表明 ,该方法的相对标准偏差小于 2 .5 % ,加标回收率在 96 .3%～10 3.1% ,相对于标准方法 (紫外分光光度法 )的偏差为 - 4 .0 %～ 4 .0 %。该方法的精密度、准确度和灵敏度均较高 ,且操作简便 ,适用于饮用水以及污染较轻的湖水和地下水中NO-3 含量的测定。     

NO_2~-在维生素B_(12)修饰电极上催化氧化

研究维生素 B12 (VB12 )修饰电极的制备 ,考察其对 NO-2 及共存离子的作用情况 ,对催化作用机理做初步探讨 .VB12 修饰电极在 0 .1mol.L-1KCl底液中对 NO-2 有良好的电化学催化作用和选择性 ,其催化电流在 NO-2 浓度为 0 .10～ 2 .0 0 mol.L-1范围内呈线性关系 ,NO-2 的浓度低至 0 .0 1mol.L-1仍可定量测定 .天然水中常见的离子不干扰测定 ,应用于雨水和湖水中 NO-2 的测定 ,回收率为 10 1%～ 10 3%.     

吖啶橙缔合微粒共振散射光谱法测定痕量NO-2

在8.0×10-3mol/LHCl-2.0×10-3mol/LKI介质中,吖啶橙(AO)在515nm处有1个同步荧光峰.当有NO-2存在时,NO-2与过量的I-反应生成I-3,I-3与AO形成缔合微粒,在320,560nm处产生2个共振散射(RS)峰,在470nm处产生1个同步散射峰.NO-2浓度在0.068～7.36mg/L范围内与320nm波长处的共振散射光强度成线性关系.据此建立了一个测定水中NO-2的共振散射光谱分析法.光谱研究结果表明,(AO-I3)n缔合微粒和界面的形成是导致体系RS增强的根本原因.     

吖啶橙缔合微粒共振散射光谱法测定痕量NO-2

在8.0×10-3 mol/L HCl-2.0×10-3 mol/L KI介质中,吖啶橙(AO)在515 nm处有1个同步荧光峰.当有NO-2存在时,NO-2与过量的I-反应生成I-3,I-3与AO形成缔合微粒,在320,560 nm处产生2个共振散射(RS)峰,在470 nm处产生1个同步散射峰.NO-2浓度在0.068～7.36 mg/L范围内与320 nm波长处的共振散射光强度成线性关系.据此建立了一个测定水中NO-2的共振散射光谱分析法.光谱研究结果表明,(AO-I3)n缔合微粒和界面的形成是导致体系RS增强的根本原因.     

Fe/Cu催化还原去除饮用水消毒副产物三氯乙酸

以高致癌风险的饮用水卤化消毒副产物(halogenated disinfection by-products,HDBPs)三氯乙酸(TCAA)为去除目标物,研究了Fe/Cu催化还原去除TCAA的效果,包括Fe/Cu质量比、Fe/Cu混合物投加量、pH值、有机物浓度和摇床转速等因素对Fe/Cu催化还原去除TCAA的影响.结果表明,Fe/Cu能够有效脱除TCAA,m(Fe):m(Cu)为10:1时的TCAA去除效果最佳;Fe/Cu最佳投加量为30 g·L-1;Fe/Cu还原脱氯去除TCAA最佳pH值在4～8之间;有机物浓度对Fe/Cu还原脱氯存在负面影响;在摇床转速、反应时间、投加量、pH值和UV254分别为200 r·min-1,160 min,30 g·L-1,6.82和0.117 cm-1的条件下,Fe/Cu催化还原对TCAA的去除率达到97.39%,并且Cu未被消耗,外扩散Fe/Cu催化还原反应的影响可以忽略,Fe/Cu对TCAA的催化还原脱氯降解过程符合拟一级反应.     

溴酸钾-碘离子体系催化动力学电位法测定痕量亚硝酸根

实验中发现NO-2 对KBrO3 氧化I-的反应有很强的催化作用。可用碘离子选择电极跟踪反应过程 ,由此建立了测定痕量NO-2 的新方法。在适宜条件下 ,该指示反应为一级反应 ,反应速度可用电位变化ΔE表示。当时间固定 ,ΔE与NO-2 浓度在 0～ 1 6× 10 -6mol/L范围内呈线性关系 ,检出限为 1 4× 10 -10 mol/L。该方法已用于肉类、蔬菜、粮食和血清中NO-2 的测定 ,得到了可靠结果。     

钒钛磁铁精矿冷固球团催化还原机理

对添加剂催化钒钛磁铁精矿冷固球团直接还原行为进行了详细的研究 ,包括添加剂种类和用量及催化剂催化还原机理 .研究结果表明 :在 1 0 50～ 1 1 0 0℃ ,m(C)∶m(Fe)为 0 .5～ 0 .6 ,还原时间 3h的条件下 ,添加DA 2催化剂与常规的Na2 SO4或Na2 CO3相比 ,钒钛磁铁精矿冷固球团煤基直接还原所得产品的金属化率提高 3 .1 %～ 4 .6 % ;该金属化球团经磨矿磁选进行铁和钒钛分离时 ,所得磁性产品 (直接还原铁粉 )中铁的品位提高 5 .30 %～ 5 .43 % ,非磁性物中TiO2 ,V2 O5 的品位分别提高 2 .76 %～ 3 .87%和 0 .2 7%～ 0 .45 % ,TiO2 ,V2 O5 的回收率分别提高 1 4 .68%～1 3 .0 8%和 4.1 3 %～ 6 .97% .SEM及XPS等微观测试结果表明 :添加剂DA 2的作用机理为加速铁氧化物还原 ,促进铁晶粒的长大 ,降低还原球团中MFe与TiO2 晶粒嵌布的紧密程度 ,从而强化了铁与钒钛的磁选分离     

铁或铜胁迫下小麦幼苗根抗氧化体系的响应

为揭示小麦幼苗在Fe或Cu胁迫下的抗氧化反应机制,以宁春4号小麦为材料,比较了不同浓度(0,100,300,500μmol/L)Fe Cl3或Cu Cl2处理下幼苗根羟自由基(·OH)含量、抗氧化酶活性和多胺降解酶活性的变化.结果显示:Fe或Cu处理诱导小麦根·OH含量升高,且高浓度Cu处理下样品·OH含量高于相同浓度Fe处理的样品的.Fe或Cu处理对各种抗氧化酶活性有不同的影响:Fe诱导超氧化物歧化酶活性升高,而Cu抑制该酶活性;Fe处理不影响过氧化物酶活性,而Cu诱导该酶活性升高;过氧化氢酶活性在Fe或Cu处理下均受到明显的抑制;Fe或Cu处理抑制谷胱甘肽还原酶活性;300,500μmol/L的Fe和100,300μmol/L的Cu诱导抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性的升高.此外,不同浓度的Fe或Cu对多胺氧化酶(PAO)、二胺氧化酶(DAO)和细胞壁过氧化物酶(cw-POD)活性均有明显的抑制作用.结果表明:Fe或Cu胁迫诱导对小麦根不同抗氧化酶产生不同的影响,最终导致小麦根·OH积累;PAO,DAO和cw-POD可能不参与Fe或Cu胁迫诱导的ROS积累.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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