速生针叶木改良硫酸盐法制浆及其原理

对我国引种的南方湿地松和加勒比松进行了实验室改良硫酸盐法蒸煮的研究。结果表明,改良硫酸盐法制浆的选择性明显高于常规蒸煮法,当卡伯值相同时,与常规硫酸盐浆相比,改良硫酸盐浆具有相近的细浆得率、较低的粗渣率和较高的粘度,在相同的抗张指数下有更高的撕裂强度。     

SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS BETWEEN BIRCH CHEMICAL MECHANICAL PULPS AND ASPEN BLEACHED KRAFT PULP

INTRODUCTIONIn papermaking, it is very often that more than one type (or grade) of pulps are used to develop paper sheet properties necessary for both machine runnability and requirement from the end users. In many high end paper grades (e.g., various high brightness printing/writing papers), long fiber from softwood bleached kraft pulp traditionally is often used in combination with short fiber from hardwood bleached kraft pulp (HBKP). In this combination, the long fiber component provi…     

ALKALINE PULP OF CORN STALKS

Pulping of corn stalks was studied in soda,soda-anthraquinone (AQ), kraft and kraft-AQ processes. The time, temperature and alkali concentration were varied in soda process. In respect to kappa number and pulp yield, 1 hour cooking at 1400C in 14% alkali were best conditions for corn stalks pulping. Pulp yield was increased by 5.5% and kappa number was reduced by 4.4 points with an addition of 0.05% AQ in the soda liquor. Breaking length was better in soda-AQ process than soda process but tear strength was inferior. In the kraft process, pulp yield was increased with increasing sulphidity and decreasing active alkali. The effectiveness of AQ in the low and high sulphidity kraft process was studied. Results showed that AQ was more effective in low sulphidity than high sulphidity. Strength properties in kraft processes were better than the soda and soda-AQ processes.     

意大利杨木制浆造纸性能的研究——硫酸盐-蒽醌法和烧碱-蒽醌法

<正> 目前,造纸原料已成为阻碍造纸工业发展的重要问题之一。这使得人们将注意力从针叶材逐渐转向阔叶材,转向速生杨树和桉树。在意大利杨木Ⅰ-214、Ⅰ-72、Ⅰ-63、Ⅰ-69的研究中,除Ⅰ-214得到有关国家的广泛引种和利用外,其他三种杨木作为造纸原料,仍处于试验阶段,而Ⅰ-214的利用在国外也仅限于制造机械浆和化学机械浆,化学浆的研究工作迄今尚无报道。我国从七十年代开始由国外引种了几种意大利杨,北京造纸所于一九七六年曾对最先引进的Ⅰ-214的制浆造纸性能进行了研究,证明Ⅰ-214杨为优良造纸用材,但对其他三种材种还缺乏系统深入的研究。 我们在对四种意大利杨的化学组成和纤维形态进行研究的基础上,着重进行了硫酸盐法、烧碱-蒽醌法、硫酸盐-蒽醌法和碱性亚硫酸盐法制取化学浆的试验研究,比较了四种速生杨木对制取化学浆的适应性。本文主要对烧碱-蒽醌法代替硫酸盐法的可能性和蒽醌在杨木硫酸盐法、烧碱法制浆中的作用以及四种意大利杨对碱法制浆的适应性进行了探讨。     

NEW MANUFACTURING STUDY OF LINERBOARD MATERIALS

INTRODUCTIONAlthough NSSC and mechanical pulps have partly replaced kraft pulps in containerboard manufactur-ing, kraft is the dominant pulping process in our in-dustry. At different paper mills significant efforts have been made to increase the pulp yield without major investments during the past few years. In prin-ciple, the increase in pulp yield can be accomplished by (a) decreasing polysaccharide depolymerization during pulping process thereby increasing the carbo-hydrate content …     

意大利杨木制浆造纸性能的研究——碱性亚硫酸钠-蒽醌法

<正>一、前言 碱性亚硫酸钠制浆方法使用氢氧化钠和亚硫酸钠为蒸煮液。其优点是:纸浆得率高,易漂白,纸浆的强度性能与硫酸盐浆相接近,并且不会产生硫酸盐蒸煮及回收系统所散发的恶臭硫化物,等等。因此,近年来国内外采用碱性亚硫酸钠制浆方法,对针阔叶木、芦竹、麦草等进行了一些试验研究。 碱性亚硫酸钠法蒸煮温度一般要比硫酸盐法高10—15℃,化学品用量也要高20％(或者蒸煮时间延长5倍)。最近发现,蒽醌在碱性亚硫酸钠法蒸煮中具有加速脱木素催化作用,因此,上述缺点可以通过添加蒽醌来弥补。 本试验以意大利杨木为原料,研究了碱性亚硫酸钠一蒽醌法制浆条件及其对浆质量和得率的影响规律。     

低龄厚荚相思木的制浆造纸性能

对3年和6年生厚英相思,在各自的最佳硫酸盐法蒸煮工艺条件下,制取相近硬度的浆料,比较蒸煮、打浆、强度及漂白性能,进而对其制浆性能进行综合评价。     

桉木硫酸盐浆LMS生物漂白的研究

进行了桉木硫酸盐将漆酶一介体系统（LMS）生物漂白的研究,漆酶由白腐菌Panus conchatus固体发酵并分纯化而制得;一种新的介体－－N－羟基乙酰苯胺（NHA）自行合成,采用L／MQP漂白流程,仅用2％（质量分数）的H2O2就将桉木常规硫酸盐浆（EMCC－O）可达到87．6％ISO的白度,生物漂白的CK浆和EMCC－O浆的粘度都很高,说明漆酶／NHA生物漂白的脱木素选择性很好。     

4种竹材硫酸盐浆与马尾松木浆配抄纸袋纸和牛皮纸

对4种竹材硫酸盐浆与马尾松木浆配抄纸袋纸和牛皮纸进行了研究和比较。结果表明，慈竹最容易蒸煮而且纸浆得率和强度最高，桉竹次之，甜竹不如桉竹，麻竹最差。当竹浆配入量为20%时，慈竹浆和桉竹浆配抄的纸袋纸的强度比甜竹浆和麻竹浆配抄的纸袋纸高，其某些强度甚至比100%马尾松木浆抄造的纸袋纸还高；慈竹浆配抄的牛皮纸的各项强度较桉竹浆配抄的牛皮纸高，甚至超过100%马尾松木浆抄造的牛皮纸。     

耐热木聚糖酶助漂针叶木硫酸盐浆的研究

探讨了嗜热真菌耐热木聚糖酶助漂针叶木硫酸盐浆的应用前景.着重研究了应用耐热木聚糖酶进行生物助漂的酶用量、酶处理的pH值以及漂白用氯量等影响因素.结果表明,在不影响纸浆的各项性能的情况下,经酶处理的纸浆白度相比对照增加1.06%~5.11%ISO.同时,酶处理纸浆漂白时可减少漂白用氯量.另外,在偏碱性条件下进行酶处理对纸浆漂白效果的影响较为显著.纸浆纤维的扫描电镜结果显示,酶未对纤维造成损伤,而是改善了纸浆纤维的可漂性.该耐热木聚糖酶非常适宜应用于酶助漂.     

Effects of biological pre-treatment of pine chips on the beating performance of Kraft pulp

The Calabrien pine (Pinus brutia) wood chips prior to kraft pulping were biologically pre-treated with selected white-rot fungi (Ceriporiopsis subvermispora), which was recorded to be preferentially attacking the lignin component of the wood. The effects of this treatment on beating performance and physical strength of resultant papers were studied in detail. Bio-treated samples showed comparable and, in most cases, higher physico-mechanical properties than those obtained from untreated controls. Under the same beating conditions the bio-treated kraft pulp was noted to have the lower SR' indicating a lower degree of external fibrillation. The paper made from bio-treated kraft pulp has a higher density, tensile property, air permeability and swellability. Furthermore, remarkable energy savings up to 33 % were observed when beating bio-treated kraft pulp. This study contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms taking place during bio-treatment and the modification processes of cell wall components.     

越南甜竹蒸煮反应历程研究

以越南甜竹为对象,采用硫酸盐法蒸煮,研究越南甜竹蒸煮反应历程。结果表明,煮浆适宜工艺条件为：用碱量22 %,温度170 ℃,保温时间120 min,硫化度20 %,液比4∶1。蒸煮过程中木质素脱除可分为大量脱除、补充脱除和残余脱除木质素3个阶段。蒸煮终点,浆料的Kappa值较高,即甜竹比较难煮。     

Effects of biological pre-treatment of pine chips on the beating performance of Kraft pulp

The Calabrien pine (Pinus brutia) wood chips prior to kraft pulping were biologically pre-treated with selected white-rot fungi (Ceriporiopsis subvermispora), which was recorded to be preferentially attacking the lignin component of the wood. The effects of this treatment on beating performance and physical strength of resultant papers were studied in detail. Bio-treated samples showed comparable and, in most cases, higher physico-mechanical properties than those obtained from untreated controls. Under the same beating conditions the bio-treated kraft pulp was noted to have the lower SR° indicating a lower degree of external fibrillation. The paper made from bio-treated kraft pulp has a higher density, tensile property, air permeability and swellability. Furthermore, remarkable energy savings up to 33 % were observed when beating bio-treated kraft pulp. This study contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms taking place during bio-treatment and the modification processes of cell wall components.     

高分子造纸助剂的设计及其作用机理Ⅲ.纸浆纤维电荷分布对N-Cl-PAM纸湿增强、助滤的影响

分析了漂白针叶木化学浆、针叶木机械浆、再生浆和漂白芦苇化学浆的总电荷、表面电荷量。讨论了它们对反应性聚丙烯酰胺纸张增强性能和助滤性能的影响。研究结果表明，浆的表面电荷越大，N－氯代聚丙烯酰胺呈现最大的纸湿增强效果和助滤效果所需的定着助剂PDADMAC的量也愈大。     

STUDY ON THE ELEMENTAL CHLORINE FREE BLEACHING OF BAMBOO KRAFT PULP

1INTRODUCTIONChina is a country using the most variety of non-wood fiber raw material and is the largest country producing non-wood fiber pulp and paper in the world[1]. Bamboo is one kind of the main non-wood species for papermaking in China. Although the structure of raw materials for papermaking has being adjusted through increasing the proportion of wood pulp and by effectively utilizing waste paper source, non-wood species will still remain an important fiber resource[1,2].At present…     

EFFECTS OF PROCESSING OPERATIONS ON ZETA POTENTIAL AND CATIONIC DEMAND OF PULPS

Thc zeta potential and cationic demands of various kraft pulps - unbleached, bleached and beaten to different freeness levels were determined in the laboratory. The zeta potential of pulp where the final stage was a lignin degrading and dissolving treatment such as alkaline extraction or hypochlorite was lower than the unbleached pulp. The cationic demand of unbleached pulp was higher compared to that of bleached pulp. Beaten pulps showed larger cationic demands than the unbeaten pulps, which can be attributed to the larger specific surface area of pulp components. Fibres become increasingly electronegative when beaten and therefore cationic demand of pulps increases with beating. When the zeta potential method is used with furnishes of different freeness,the linear relationship is observed. However, the slope is decreasing with the decrease in freeness of the pulp.     

毛竹碱性亚硫酸钠-蒽醌制浆的研究

<正>试验结果表明:亚硫酸钠对总碱(均以氧化钠计)最佳比率为0.85,总碱量为18％(以氧化钠计),蒽醌用量0.05％,液比为1:4,在最高温度(170℃)制浆时间需要3.5h,粗浆得率42～45％(比传统的硫酸盐法纸浆得率高4～6％)和卡伯值17～25,碱性亚硫酸钠-蒽醌制得竹浆的物理强度性质相当于硫酸盐竹浆的强度。     

脱木素反应的多变量推断控制系统研究

根据脱木素反应动力学理论，建立了脱木素反应的双输入双输出数学模型，设计了用有效碱浓度和卡伯值作为控制变量的多变量推断控制系统。对实际连续蒸煮过程脱木素反应控制的测试结果表明，该控制系统可以很好的克服各种不可测扰动对脱木素反应的影响，提高脱木素反应生成纸浆的质量和纸浆得率，同时降低反应生成副产品蒸煮黑液中的残碱浓度，减少蒸煮过程的用碱量，达到保护环境、清洁生产的目的。     

IMPACT OF APPLYING BCTMP TO WOOD-FREE LWC ON ITS PERFORMANCE

INTRODUCTIONBleached CTMP (BCTMP) is popular in many commercial paper grades, such as packaging, tissue, uncoated wood-free fine papers. There is a strong economic incentive to substitute BCTMP for kraft pulp in producing wood-free light weight coated paper (LWC). Wood free LWC is used mostly for high-speed heatset web offset (HWSO) color printing. With a low basis weight and also low coat weight, the strength, surface and structural properties of the LWC wood-free paper are al…     

纸浆蒸球温度的计算机控制

阐述了纸浆蒸煮的计算机温度控制方法,对球内浆料温度的测量、控制中采用的数学模型和控制系统方案作了说明。并对手动操作与计算机控制的结果作了分析和比较。结果表明,对麦草浆的蒸球蒸煮采用计算机控制,可降低蒸解度的波动范围,提高粗浆和漂白浆得率以及蒸解度的合格率。