P25台山核电站常规岛项目HMF95型冷却设备的研制

本文阐述了大连机车车辆有限公司P25台山核电站常规岛发电机组项目冷却系统的工作原理和该机组配套HMF95型冷却设备的选型设计与研制过程。     

有无车轮对低风阻车型气动特性的影响

针对有无车轮低风阻电动汽车模型进行数值计算,并通过对两种模型是气动力、表面压力、速度场等计算结果对比,评估了有无车轮对低风阻车型气动特性的影响。研究表明：车轮的存在使得整车气动阻力增大63.8%,其中各部件的贡献从大到小依次为前轮室、车身前部、背部、车底（负贡献）、后轮室;而升力增大一倍多,主要来源于车底的贡献;流场结果显示车轮对车身的气动作用体现在车轮带来的全局阻塞和局部尾迹两种效应的综合影响;后轮及后轮导流罩产生的尾迹会导致低阻车尾部涡环强度增强,回流区长度减小,背压降低。综合气动阻力、升力、压力分布和流场对比分析,明确了车轮的存在会给低风阻车型带来较大的气动特性变化。     

四缸发动机冷却系统设计及发动机温度场分析

为评估某四缸发动机冷却系统设计的合理性,采用计算流体力学分析方法对该发动机冷却系统的布局设计、系统流量确定、冷却系统流场和发动机温度场开展了研究。针对缸体水套冷却液流速差异较大的问题,提出了在缸体水套添加节流缺口的优化方案。结果表明：各缸缸体水套冷却液流速均匀性明显改善,各缸套壁面温度可降低1～3℃。发动机转速12 000 r/min时,热平衡测试结果显示缸温最大差异约为4℃。机油温度约为129℃,温度可控(小于140℃),表明该四缸发动机冷却系统设计合理,可保证四缸发动机各缸冷却均匀及机油的冷却。     

客滚船风洞试验与数值计算

为了研究客滚船在不同风向角下的风阻及空气绕流场的特性,对一缩尺比为1∶100的客滚船模型进行了一系列风洞试验。利用CFD技术对船模的绕流场进行数值计算,分析了典型风向角下船模的流场形态,探讨了流场形态对风阻以及艏摇力矩的影响。结果表明,随着风向角的增大,纵向风阻曲线呈现"正弦曲线"的变化规律,同时存在两个方向相反的阻力峰;横向风阻曲线呈现"抛物线"变化规律。客滚船受到的风阻和尾流场的形态有直接关系。     

冷却系统节温器部件的流阻分析及结构改进

某摩托车冷却系统阻力偏大,造成冷却系统漏水现象,经排查初步原因为散热器及节温器管路的总体阻力较大。为研究冷却系统节温器部件的流阻大小,采用计算流体动力学(computational fluid dynamics, CFD)分析软件STAR-CCM+对节温器部件流场进行了数值模拟。为降低节温器全闭状态下小循环流阻,研究了大节温器、双节温器、小循环连接管路内径对该阻力的影响。结果表明节温器全闭状态下小循环流阻为187 kPa,对冷却系统总阻力影响较大;大节温器、双节温器结构可有效降低节温器全闭状态下小循环流阻,但在节温器全开时流经小循环的冷却液流量占比增加较大且成本高。在原节温器状态下,小循环连接管路内径增大,小循环流阻明显降低,而流经小循环的冷却液流量占比增大,该节温器结构的小循环连接管路内径不宜大于13 mm。结合成本和快速应对冷却系统阻力偏大的问题,建议小循环连接管路选择12.2 mm直角弯管状态,小循环流阻降低34.8%,流经小循环的冷却液流量占比为36%。研究结果可为阻力评估及结构改进提供仿真数据参考。     

轴流风机静止部件的流动和损失对比

采用三维黏性流场数值分析方法,对轴流风机的静止部件分别进行了单独和整机条件下的数值计算.对2种情况下各静止部件流场和损失的变化进行了分析.结果发现:集流器的损失较大,其效率与扩散筒的效率相当,设计中必须加以考虑;与各个静止部件单独计算时相比较,在整机计算条件下风机的扩散筒和扩散塔的流场相互干涉比较严重,导致内部流场状况较差,流动损失增大;该扩散塔的出口速度分布非常不均匀,低速区面积太大,值得改进.     

风电场的机组选型与场址选址工作探讨

风电场风力发电机组选型及风电场选址是风电场设计的重点,它将直接影响风电场建成后的经济效益。结合国内风电厂建设特点,对风电厂开发、建设过程中厂址选择和机组选型进行了分析。     

混合动力车辆冷却系统优化设计

针对某特种车辆由传统的燃油动力系统改为混合动力系统的设计要求和热源部件的工作温度特点,设计了具有高、低温双循环回路的冷却系统,将高温热源部件和低温热源部件分开 ,增大了高温循环回路中冷却介质的温度,提高了冷却系统的散热效率.采用计算机辅助设计对冷却系统和关键部件的热力学参数进行了优化设计,计算结果与所选风扇的性能试验数据对比表明:冷却系统设计方案满足车辆动力系统改型后的散热要求.     

高温气冷堆动力转换单元电磁轴承冷却系统的分析

电磁轴承是高温气冷堆动力转换系统氦气透平的重要组件之一,运行时出于设备保护需要对其进行冷却.该文通过GAMBIT对电磁轴承腔体进行建模,并使用三维流场分析软件FLUENT对腔内温度场、流场进行了模拟计算,评估了冷却系统的效果,并对不同氦气流量、温度下的冷却效果进行了比较及分析.分析结果表明,设计的冷却系统可有效地对电磁轴承腔内进行冷却,使用于定位监测的传感器探头等重要部件的温度被控制在允许范围之内,以确保设备安全运行.     

工程机械车辆发动机冷却系统仿真与优化

文章分析工程机械车辆发动机冷却系统基本原理及主要部件性能,采用AMESim仿真软件搭建冷却系统的仿真模型,基于风洞实验验证模型的准确性;研究环境温度、水泵传动比以及散热器翅片波距对冷却系统的影响,并探讨冷却系统性能的优化路径。结果表明,环境温度过高会使冷却系统性能显著下降,适当提高水泵传动比和降低散热器翅片波距可以提高冷却系统的冷却性能。该文设计的2款散热器通过优化散热器翅片波距提高了冷却系统性能。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that