考虑损失厌恶和退货因素的双渠道定价策略

该研究了双渠道统一定价和双渠道差别定价问题.考虑了线下渠道的服务水平、线上渠道的退货因素以及消费者的损失厌恶有限理性行为对产品定价策略的影响,得到了不同策略下的最优价格、最优利润和最优服务水平,并分析了退货率对线上渠道价格和需求的影响.最后数值算例表明,在零售商市场份额较高时,制造商应采取双渠道统一定价策略,零售商市场份额较低时,制造商应不开通线上渠道;在双渠道统一定价和差别定价中制造商和零售商的利润均随着退货率的增大而减小;在双渠道差别定价中,制造商和零售商的利润随着损失厌恶程度的增大而增大,而线上与线下的最优价格差随着损失厌恶程度的增大而减小.     

零售商公平关切下闭环供应链定价策略研究

把零售商公平关切行为倾向引入到闭环供应链的定价决策中,分别针对制造商考虑和不考虑零售商公平关切性两种不同情形构建了相应定价决策模型,利用博弈理论对模型进行分析求解.研究表明零售商的公平关切行为倾向对零售商和制造商的定价决策、利润以及废旧产品的回收量均具有影响;当零售商具有公平关切时,制造商考虑零售商的这种公平关切行为参与博弈有利于自身利润的提高,并增加闭环供应链系统废旧产品的回收量,有利于资源回收利用和环境保护;同时还发现公平关切行为倾向是零售商获取闭环供应链利润分配的一种有效手段.     

考虑碳减排技术的闭环供应链生产决策及协调

考虑由一个制造商和一个负责回收的零售商组成的二级闭环供应链,研究不同情形下(无碳减排技术、考虑碳减排技术、考虑碳减排补贴)闭环供应链的最优生产决策及协调问题,并进行比较和数值分析.研究结果表明：二部定价契约和支付转移机制相结合可以实现3种情形下系统的协调;无碳减排技术、考虑碳减排技术、考虑补贴情形下利润和产量依次增加,单位碳排放量依次减小,回收价格保持不变;产量、零售商利润、系统利润以及碳减排量是碳减排投资参数的减函数,单位产品碳排放量是碳减排投资参数的增函数,而制造商利润在一定条件下是碳减排投资参数的减函数,否则是其增函数.     

考虑主导权的零售商双渠道供应链定价策略

本文研究竞争环境下不同主导权结构中零售商双渠道供应链定价问题。分别建立制造商主导型和零售商主导型的Stackelberg模型,并对最优决策进行对比分析。研究表明,不管是制造商还是零售商主导供应链,零售商双渠道价格和供应链的总利润均保持不变,但批发价格、制造商和零售商各自的利润与主导权密切相关,即拥有主导权的一方将使批发价格有利于自己,从而使其利润最大化。此外,最优双渠道价格和最大利润随市场需求量的增加而提高,随价格弹性系数的增大而减少;随着线下市场份额的增加,最优线下价格逐渐升高,而最优线上价格的变化刚好相反。     

双渠道闭环供应链博弈模型的动态定价研究

建立了由一个制造商和一个零售商组成的双渠道闭环供应链的定价模型.模型中考虑了参考价格对决策的影响.数值模拟下分析了在静态博弈模型下渠道参数以及参考价格系数对定价决策的影响.同时,利用稳定域图、分岔图和最大Lyapunov指数图研究了动态模型的复杂动力学行为.结果表明,在渠道参数θ=0.97时,制造商和零售商达到相同利润;制造商利润均随着参考价格的增大而减小,而零售商利润随着参考价格的增大而增大.     

基于延保竞争的零售商延保选择策略研究

随着零售市场竞争的加剧,越来越多的零售商开始销售延保产品,考虑制造商和零售商同时销售延保产品的情形,零售商有两种不同的延保选择策略:自营延保(独立销售延保产品)和分销延保(销售制造商的延保产品);运用Stackelberg主从博弈,通过构建零售商和制造商延保竞争决策模型,给出了不同延保策略下零售商的最优产品定价、延保定价和最大利润;通过数值分析研究了相关参数对零售商利润和延保选择策略的影响;研究发现:当零售商延保成本较小,消费者对零售商延保价格敏感系数较小时零售商自营延保更有利;当消费者对竞争延保价格的敏感系数较小,零售商延保需求较小时零售商代销延保更有利。     

品牌具有纵向差异的供应链博弈研究

考虑由两个品牌具有纵向差异的制造商和一个零售商组成的供应链系统,运用制造商领导的Stackelberg博弈方法,研究品牌及成本差异系数对供应链参与者的定价和利润的影响机制。研究发现共同零售商偏爱品牌差异较小竞争性较强品牌组合;高档品牌制造商致力于拉大品牌差距,获得较大利润;低档品牌制造商通过尽力缩小品牌差距,同时良好的控制成本来实现利益最大化。     

基于产品替代程度的双寡头零售商定价顺序策略

针对双渠道零售商和纯网络零售商的双寡头竞争模型,建立了各自需求模型和利润模型.研究在不同定价顺序下各零售商的利润,结果表明定价顺序会影响零售商的利润并且延迟定价时间会获得更多的利润.同时,也分析了各渠道产品间的替代程度对利润、售价、销售量的影响.在渠道与产品发展成熟的条件下,不论对于双渠道零售商还是纯网络零售商,产品替代程度越大,利润、售价和销售量均越大.因为产品替代程度大时,零售商之间不仅存在竞争关系,还存在优势互补的关系.此时,零售商应加强合作从而带动整体市场的增长.     

零售商再制造的闭环供应链回收渠道选择

研究了零售商再制造的闭环供应链定价与废旧品的回收渠道选择问题.分别在三种不同回收模式(即零售商回收、第三方回收、零售商与第三方同时回收)下建立了零售商主导的Stackelberg博弈模型,对定价与回收量决策给出相应的博弈均衡解,并对结果进行了比较分析.结论表明,双回收渠道总是比单回收渠道对零售商,消费者和整条供应链有利,但对制造商不利;当零售商回收价格与回收量转换率和第三方回收成本与回收量转换率增大时,制造商最大利润将会增加而零售商最大利润和供应链总利润均会减少.     

考虑碳排放的农产品多级冷链物流网络均衡模型研究

构建由农业合作社、批发商以及零售商构成的三级农产品冷链物流网络,分别研究不考虑碳排放、考虑碳排放两种情形下农产品物流网络系统的均衡问题.并在考虑碳排放的情形下,对零售商订货次数、碳排放成本进行参数分析.研究表明:考虑碳排放后,系统销售给外部需求市场的农产品数量上升,价格也上升,从而系统整体利润也明显增长;当零售商增加订货批次时,应该设法增加对外部需求市场产品交易量而非提高产品价格来维持系统整体利润,而若碳排放成本增加,则应该提高产品价格.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with