A new method for mining biomedical knowledge using biomedical ontology

In order to solve the problem of mining biomedical knowledge, a biomedical semantic-based knowledge discovery method (Bio-SKDM) is proposed. Using the semantic types and semantic relations of the biomedical concepts, Bio-SKDM can identify the relevant concepts collected from Medline and generate the novel hypothesis between these concepts. The experiment result shows that compared with ARROWSMITH and LITLINKER, Bio-SKDM generates less but more relevant novel hypotheses and requires less human intervention in the discovery procedure.      

MEMS biomedical implants

The field of micro-electro-mechanical systems(MEMS) has advanced tremendously for the last 20 years.Most commercially noticeably,the field has successfully advanced from pressure sensors to micro physical sensors,such as accelerometers and gyros,for handheld electronics application.In parallel,MEMS has also advanced into micro total analysis system(TAS) and/or lab-on-a-chip applications.This article would discuss a relatively new but promising future direction towards MEMS biomedical implants.Specifically,Parylene C has been explored to be used as a good MEMS implant material and will be discussed in detail.Demonstrated implant devices,such as retinal and spinal cord implants,are presented in this article.     

葡聚糖微球在生物医药领域中的应用

葡聚糖微球自开发以来,已广泛地应用于组织工程、细胞培养、蛋白分离纯化等方面.其既可以作为药物的控释载体,又可以作为种子细胞扩增培养的载体.目前,在生物制药领域下游分离纯化技术越来越受到关注的背景下,作为柱层析凝胶和分离层析介质的葡聚糖微球也越来越受到科学家的青睐.文章对葡聚糖微球自研究以来的重大历史性突破及当代科学前沿的应用成果加以总结和介绍,着重介绍了葡聚糖微球在医药、疫苗开发、凝胶层析三个方面的应用现状.     

RNA切割型脱氧核酶在生物医学领域中的研究进展

RNA切割型脱氧核酶（RCD）是一类具有催化活性的单链DNA分子,具有灵活的可编程性、优异的稳定性、强底物特异性和高催化活性等优点,因而在生物医学领域展现出了良好的应用前景. 基于RCD对于特定辅助因子的依赖和对于靶标RNA的特异性识别和切割,其被广泛应用于一系列生物分子靶标的检测以及多种临床疾病的基因治疗. 文章介绍了RCD的物理化学特性,并对其在生物医学领域的研究现状进行了总结,聚焦于RCD在生物传感和癌症治疗等方面的应用进展. 此外,还对该领域面临的挑战及未来的发展方向进行了讨论.     

应用流式细胞仪计数水体中的微藻

为了探讨流式细胞仪对不同浓度条件下微藻个数进行计数的准确度和精密度,该文应用流式细胞仪和血球计数板计数两种方法,对水体中的赤潮异湾藻数目进行不同浓度梯度的检测对比分析,可以发现,流式细胞仪计数结果的RSD值均小于5%,体现了更好的精密度,是一种可以代替血球计数板计数的快速准确的方法。     

Human metabolic individuality in biomedical and pharmaceutical research

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many risk loci for complex diseases, but effect sizes are typically small and information on the underlying biological processes is often lacking. Associations with metabolic traits as functional intermediates can overcome these problems and potentially inform individualized therapy. Here we report a comprehensive analysis of genotype-dependent metabolic phenotypes using a GWAS with non-targeted metabolomics. We identified 37 genetic loci associated with blood metabolite concentrations, of which 25 show effect sizes that are unusually high for GWAS and account for 10-60% differences in metabolite levels per allele copy. Our associations provide new functional insights for many disease-related associations that have been reported in previous studies, including those for cardiovascular and kidney disorders, type 2 diabetes, cancer, gout, venous thromboembolism and Crohn's disease. The study advances our knowledge of the genetic basis of metabolic individuality in humans and generates many new hypotheses for biomedical and pharmaceutical research.     

基于流式细胞仪分析超声造影剂包膜特性的实验研究

超声造影剂是由薄膜层包裹气体形成的微米量级的包膜气泡.随着医学超声技术的发展,超声造影剂在诊断及治疗超声领域的应用得到了广泛的关注.超声造影剂的包膜特性(如剪切模量及剪切粘度)是与其应用紧密相关的重要参数,对于决定气泡的许多功能特性都是非常重要的.本文在Mie散射理论基础上,利用进过改进的流式细胞仪测量了单个Defin...