55%铝—锌—1.6%硅合金镀层的耐蚀性能

在盐雾试验（ＮＳＳ、ＡＳＳ）、曝气试验、浸泡试验和缝隙腐蚀试验的基础上,通过与锌镀层和铝镀层的对比,研究了５５％Ａｌ－Ｚｎ－１．６％Ｓｉ合金镀层的耐蚀性能．镀层中富锌相的存在,导致缝隙腐蚀中的自催化酸化闭塞电池难以形成,因而该镀层的耐缝隙腐蚀性能优于铝镀层;在其他试验条件下,由于镀层表面富铝相占较大面积,使得镀层的耐蚀性高于锌镀层,接近于铝镀层．钝化处理后各镀层耐蚀性均有显著提高．     

用片状铝基合金颜料制备阳极型超屏蔽涂料

通过研究铝基合金颜料的形状和成分对牺牲型涂料的涂刷性能、涂层附着力、电极电位和防腐蚀性能的影响,制备出颜料体积分数较小、屏蔽隔离作用和阴极保护作用均优异、不再需要罩隔离型面漆的牺牲型涂料,即阳极型超屏蔽涂料。实验结果表明,在具有相同有效保护寿命的前提下,片状铝锌系合金颜料较球状铝锌系合金颜料配制的涂料具有更低的颜料体积分数和更优异的涂层屏蔽隔离性能。此外,通过提高铝基合金颜料中的锌锡含量,达到了降低颜料表面电阻、提高其在涂层中电化学活性的效果。     

含氯离子环境下锌铝伪合金涂层的耐蚀性及电化学特性

采用盐雾试验和电化学阻抗谱测试技术研究了纯锌和锌铝伪合金涂层在含氯离子环境中的腐蚀行为和电化学特性,通过扫描电镜、X射线物相分析等手段研究了原始涂层及腐蚀后的表面形貌和腐蚀产物的相结构,并对两种涂层的腐蚀机理进行了初步的探讨.随着盐雾时间的增加,纯锌涂层表面逐渐生成疏松多孔的胞状腐蚀产物层,主要腐蚀产物为Zn5(OH)8-Cl2H2O、ZnO和Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6,盐雾试验达到768 h后腐蚀产物层局部区域发生龟裂.锌铝伪合金涂层表面生成致密的腐蚀产物层,主要为Zn5(OH)8Cl2H2O、Zn0.71Al0.29(OH)2(CO3)0.145.xH2O及ZnAl2O4.电化学阻抗谱测试结果表明:随着盐雾时间的延长,两种涂层的电荷转移电阻均逐渐增大,但锌铝伪合金涂层的阻抗要明显大于纯锌涂层,表现出了更好的耐蚀性.     

Mg对Galvalume镀层微观结构、耐蚀性和成形性的影响

利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、电化学测试和杯突试验研究了Mg(质量分数15%)对Galvalume(Zn-55Al-16Si)镀层微观结构、耐蚀性和成形性的影响.扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪检测结果显示,添加Mg后在Zn-55Al-16Si-15Mg镀层的枝晶间区出现了MgZn2相;腐蚀产物的微观形貌显示Mg能减少镀层腐蚀产物中的裂纹,并提高其致密性.电化学检测结果显示,Zn-55Al-16Si-15Mg镀层的腐蚀速度仅为Galvalume的341%,因此Mg能显著地提高Galvalume镀层的耐蚀性;MgZn2作为强化相,强化了镀层的枝晶间区,减少了成形杯弯曲外表面的微裂纹,显著地提高了Galvalume镀层的成形性.     

Zn-陶瓷复合涂层耐腐蚀性能研究

为了进一步提高锌涂层的抗环境腐蚀能力,采用溶胶-凝胶技术,在经过料浆法渗锌后的20钢表面,制备Zn-SiO2/Al2O3复合涂层,通过微细的陶瓷相粉末,充填渗锌表面的孔隙,弥合缺陷,提高符合涂层的抗腐蚀能力,研究了涂层特性,以及涂层抗冲刷腐蚀、抗高温氧化和抗硫化规律。结果表明:在自来水和3.5%的NaCl溶液的介质中,复合涂层有很好的耐冲刷腐蚀的性能;在500℃具有优异的抗高温氧化性能和抗高温硫化性能。复合涂层兼顾了渗锌层和陶瓷涂层的优点,是一种具有良好应用前景的新型复合涂层。     

钴对热浸镀锌层耐腐蚀性的影响

通过5 wt%NaCl溶液浸泡腐蚀实验和电化学极化实验测量了热浸锌镀层的腐蚀速率和极化曲线,采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜SEM观察了镀层腐蚀后表面的显微组织,初步探讨了腐蚀机理.研究结果表明:锌浴中加入钴的合金镀层抗腐蚀能力要强于纯锌浴镀层;在盐水腐蚀溶液中,锌镀层能够阻滞腐蚀保护基体的主要原因,是牺牲阳极锌和在镀层表面形成了一层由ZnO和ZnCl2.4Zn(OH)2组成的钝化膜;当锌浴中添加适量钴元素后,在镀层中会形成富钴层,可以阻碍镀层的腐蚀,也有利于稳定腐蚀初期生成的Zn(OH)2或ZnCl2.4Zn(OH)2,降低腐蚀电流,提高镀层的耐腐蚀性能.     

PLGA/硬石复合涂层镁基纳米复合材料在植入应用时的体外生物活性和腐蚀行为

A type of polymer/ceramic coating was introduced on a magnesium-based nanocomposite, and the nanocomposite was evaluated for implant applications. The microstructure, corrosion, and bioactivity of the coated and uncoated samples were assessed. Mechanical alloying followed by sintering was applied to fabricate the Mg–3Zn–0.5Ag–15NiTi nanocomposite substrate. Moreover, different contents of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) coatings were studied, and 10wt% of PLGA content was selected. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the bulk nanocomposite showed an acceptable homogenous dispersion of the NiTi nanoparticles (NPs) in the Mg-based matrix. In the in vitro bioactivity evaluation, following the immersion of the uncoated and coated samples in a simulated body fluid (SBF) solution, the Ca/P atomic ratio demonstrated that the apatite formation amount on the coated sample was greater than that on the uncoated nanocomposite. Furthermore, assessing the corrosion resistance indicated that the coatings on the Mg-based substrate led to a corrosion current density (i_corr) that was considerably lower than that of the substrate. Such a condition revealed that the coating would provide an obstacle for the corrosion. Based on this study, the PLGA/hardystonite (HT) composite-coated Mg–3Zn–0.5Ag–15NiTi nanocomposite may be suitably applied as an orthopedic implant biomaterial.     

Ag@SiO2纳米复合涂层在大肠杆菌作用下的电化学阻抗谱研究

研究了添加不同含量Ag@SiO₂ 纳米材料的环氧树脂涂层在大肠杆菌溶液中浸泡前和浸泡110h后的电化学阻抗谱特征，分别提出了其等效电路模型，并比较了浸泡前和浸泡850h后的涂层形貌变化。结果表明，浸泡后未添加Ag@SiO₂ 的涂层的阻抗降低了96%，添加0.3%的Ag@SiO₂ 涂层的阻抗也下降了73%，且两者都出现了明显的锈斑；而添加0.1%的Ag@SiO₂ 涂层的阻抗和形貌在浸泡前后基本保持不变。可见，添加适量的Ag@SiO₂ 可以显著提高涂层的耐微生物腐蚀性能。     

A comparative study of four modified Al coatings on Ni3Al-based single crystal superalloy

Four modified Al diffusion coatings (Al, Cr? Al, Al?Si and Cr? Al ? Si coatings) were prepared on Ni3Al based single crystal superalloy IC20. The oxidation tests were carried out at 1 150 °C for up to 100 h. Cyclic hot corrosion tests were carried out at 950 °C for 50 h. The results indicate that the oxidation and corrosion resistance s of IC20 alloy are improved significantly by the coatings, and both oxidation and hot corrosion resistances of the four coatings are rated in the order (from worst to best) of Cr ? Al, Al, Cr ? Al ? Si, Al? Si coatings. It is found that the degradations of Al and Cr ? Al coatings are very quick due to the serious inter-diffusion between the coatings and substrates. The inter-diffusion between Si-containing coatings and substrates is reduced since Si effe ctively retards the outward diffusion of Mo. The weak effects of Cr and benefit effects of Si to the oxidation and hot corrosion resistance were discussed. The hot corrosion degradation mechanism of superalloy IC20 was analyzed.     

镍基合金镀层在北方老工业城市冬季降水中的腐蚀行为

为研究镍基合金镀层在北方老工业城市冬季降水中的腐蚀行为,采用电沉积技术制备了Ni--P、Ni--Fe合金镀层,对其结构与耐蚀性能进行检测.结果表明:不同镍基合金镀层在冬季降水中耐蚀性能不同,其中Ni--Fe合金镀层由于Fe掺杂增加了镍基合金与氧的亲和力,可以快速在Ni--Fe合金镀层表面形成一层连续的氧化膜,对基体起到很好的防护作用,电位最正,自腐蚀电流密度值最小,耐蚀性较好,年腐蚀速率约为20号钢的1/2;而Ni--P合金镀层表面形成氧化膜的速率较缓慢,阻抗值较低,不适合在北方老工业城市的室外装饰与防护中应用.     

颜料的表面改性对UV固化材料性能的影响

不同的颜料有着不同的吸收 UV(紫外光 )特性 ,从而影响到含有颜料涂层的固化性能 ,直接后果就是降低固化速率。研究表明 :针对不同的颜料 ,筛选不同的改性剂 ,改变颜料对UV的吸收特性 ,是可行的 ,可以提高含颜料的 UV固化材料的固化速率。不同的颜料对改性剂的种类和用量要求有所不同 ,颜料的改性效果取决于各种影响因素的共同作用结果     

A comparative study of four modified Al coatings on Ni3Al-based single crystal superalloy

Four modified Al diffusion coatings (Al, Cr–Al, Al–Si and Cr–Al–Si coatings) were prepared on Ni₃Al based single crystal superalloy IC20. The oxidation tests were carried out at 1 150 °C for up to 100 h. Cyclic hot corrosion tests were carried out at 950 °C for 50 h. The results indicate that the oxidation and corrosion resistances of IC20 alloy are improved significantly by the coatings, and both oxidation and hot corrosion resistances of the four coatings are rated in the order (from worst to best) of Cr–Al, Al, Cr–Al–Si, Al–Si coatings. It is found that the degradations of Al and Cr–Al coatings are very quick due to the serious inter-diffusion between the coatings and substrates. The inter-diffusion between Si-containing coatings and substrates is reduced since Si effectively retards the outward diffusion of Mo. The weak effects of Cr and benefit effects of Si to the oxidation and hot corrosion resistance were discussed. The hot corrosion degradation mechanism of superalloy IC20 was analyzed.     

Microstructure and corrosion resistance of Fe/Mo composite amorphous coatings prepared by air plasma spraying

Fe/Mo composite coatings were prepared by air plasma spraying (APS) using Fe-based and Mo-based amorphous and nanocrystalline mixed powders. Microstructural studies show that the composite coatings present a layered structure with low porosity due to adding the self-bonded Mo-based alloy. Corrosion behaviors of the composite coatings, the Fe-based coatings and the Mo-based coatings were investigated by electrochemical measurements and salt spray tests. Electrochemical results show that the composite coatings exhibit a lower polarization current density and higher corrosion potentials than the Fe-based coating when tested in 3.5wt% NaCl solutions, indicating superior corrosion resistance compared with the Fe-based coating. Also with the increase in addition of the Mo-based alloy, a raised corrosion resistance, inferred by an increase in corrosion potential and a decrease in polarization current density, can be found. The results of salt spray tests again show that the corrosion resistance is enhanced by adding the Mo-based alloy, which helps to reduce the porosity of the composite coatings and enhance the stability of the passive films.     

化学镀Ni-P-W／A12O3复合镀层的耐腐蚀性能研究

用化学镀方法在NdFeB磁性材料基体表面施镀Ni-P-W／A12O3复合镀层．用扫描电子显微镜和X射线仪分别对Ni-P-W／A1203复合镀层的组织形貌和相组成进行了分析,并用腐蚀失重法对复合镀层的耐腐蚀性能进行了测试．结果表明,随着Alzos质量含量（5-20g／L）的逐渐增大,Ni-P-W／A12O3复合镀层的抗腐蚀性能逐渐增强．     

热浸Zn-Ti合金镀层的显微组织与耐蚀性能

为了抑制热镀锌过程中因含硅活性钢引起的镀层超厚生长,本文采用在纯锌浴中加Ti的方法,研究了0.09%Si钢在含低于0.1%Ti的几种锌浴中热浸镀获得的组织,并采用盐雾腐蚀,电化学极化以及X射线光电子能谱等方法,研究了Zn和Zn-Ti镀层的耐蚀性能。结果表明,随着锌浴中Ti含量的增加,Ti对ζ相生长的抑制作用增强,合金层厚度逐渐减薄,Ti能有效地抑制含硅活性钢镀层的超厚生长。当Ti含量大于0.05%时,镀层中出现Γ2粒子。Zn-Ti合金镀层在5%NaCl溶液中发生自发腐蚀的倾向小于Zn镀层,其极化电阻增大,腐蚀电流密度减小,耐蚀性能提高。Zn-Ti镀层表面形成的氧化膜由ZnO 和TiO2组成。锌钛合金镀层的耐腐蚀性能优于纯锌镀层是由于在镀层表面形成了更加稳定的TiO2膜。     

Gd表面磁控溅射保护膜耐腐蚀性能研究

为了提高磁致冷材料Gd在腐蚀介质中的耐腐蚀性,采用磁控溅射技术,在磁致冷材料Gd表面溅射一层保护材料(Al、Cu),研究在不同介质中对Gd腐蚀行为的影响.结果表明:磁控溅射Al膜对Gd起了明显的保护作用;Cu膜由于与基体Gd结合较差,未起到保护作用.     

电压对纯镁微弧氧化膜层电化学腐蚀行为的影响

采用循环伏安(CV)、动电位极化(Tafel)和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)技术、结合纯镁微弧氧化膜微观形貌,研究电压对膜层电化学腐蚀行为的影响.结果表明:电压对膜层耐蚀性影响显著,随着电压升高,膜层耐蚀性增强,这是因为较厚的膜层厚度为抵御腐蚀介质的侵蚀提供了良好的物理屏障.在整个腐蚀试验过程中,高电压下制备的膜层经历三个阶段:腐蚀介质逐渐渗入膜层,腐蚀介质渗透膜层到达膜基面侵蚀基体,腐蚀产物填充微孔和微裂纹等缺陷.相比而言,低电压下制备的膜层随着浸泡时间的延长,膜层外部疏松层和内部致密层的电阻均逐渐减小,致使耐蚀性降低,最终膜层完全失效.     

柠檬酸对镧盐转化膜耐蚀性和自愈性的影响

将热镀锌钢分别浸入添加和不添加柠檬酸的镧盐钝化液中,在镀锌钢表面获得柠檬酸改进型镧盐转化膜和常规镧盐转化膜.用中性盐雾(NSS)试验、塔菲尔极化和电化学阻抗谱研究了这些试样的耐蚀性能,并对带划痕的柠檬酸改进型和常规镧盐膜层试样进行NSS腐蚀,用扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪观察分析了腐蚀过程中划痕表面的组织形貌和化学成分.结果表明:柠檬酸的加入显著提高了镧盐转化膜的耐蚀性能,并使膜层具备自愈性;腐蚀过程中,划痕附近的柠檬酸镧溶解产生La3+和柠檬酸根离子,从膜层中扩散迁移至划痕处,形成新的由Zn、O、La、C元素组成的保护膜,从而抑制了划痕处锌的腐蚀.     

金属和有机涂层的耐海水腐蚀性分析

介绍了油漆涂层、金属喷涂层、金属喷涂/油漆封闭共10种多防涂装在静海中的耐海水腐蚀性能,并对其耐腐蚀性能作了简要分析,进而选出最佳的涂装体系.实验结果表明704+842+546、702+842+546、热喷Al涂层和喷Al+842+546 4种涂装具有优良的耐海水腐蚀性能.     

组合材料芯片技术在Zn-Al合金镀层组分优选中的应用

组合材料芯片技术是材料研究的一种全新方法,能够高效、快速地筛选、优化新材料.按照组合材料芯片技术筛选结果,具有良好力学和耐蚀性能的Zn-Al合金中Al含量应控制在50%～75％,其中Al含量为72.6%时性能最佳.选择纯锌、55Al-Zn和72Al-Zn三种组分进行热浸镀和耐蚀性比较及机理研究.结果表明,72Al-Zn合金的耐蚀性稍优于55Al-Zn,都明显优于纯锌.这与组合材料芯片技术筛选结果一致,表明该组合材料芯片技术在优选Zn-Al耐蚀合金镀层组分方面是可靠的.