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强晓艺 《陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2002,30(2):24-28
概述了DNA计算的基本原理、DNA计算的应用和DNA计算机的研究进展及存在问题,基于DNA生化反应的计算机称为DNA计算机,由于其采用一种完全不同于传统计算机的运算逻辑与存贮方式,DNA计算机在解决某些复杂问题时具有传统计算机无法比拟的优势,目前国际上关于DNA计算和DNA分子生物计算机的研究方兴未艾,极大地推进了DNA计算机的研究过程。 相似文献
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Model for DNA replication by Kornberg's DNA polymerase 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A R Morgan 《Nature》1970,227(5265):1310-1313
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Low fidelity DNA synthesis by human DNA polymerase-eta 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
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脱氧核糖核酸(简称DNA)是生物体内的一种具有双螺旋结构的遗传物质,用DNA可以进行运算,即构成的DNA计算机能很快地求解复杂的问题;以DNA编码为信息的载体,DNA计算机中的输入和输出设备都是DNA的,链用一系列二进制的数代表所求问题中的变量,用DNA中特有的寡核苷酸序列表示这些二进制的数,再将DNA利用分子生物和化学组装技术组装到芯片上,利用DNA杂交化学方法,排除各种代表不正确解的寡核苷酸序列,最后通过聚合酶链式反应(PCR)和各种检测技术读出保留在芯片上的DNA序列,读出的DNA序列所代表的二进制数即为所求问题的解,本文将从DNA运算过程入手,介绍DNA计算机的原理和DNA计算机的若干最新研究进展。 相似文献
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Handy helpers in this week's issue include a dual-purpose device for vertical electrophoresis and electroblotting, a triple-tray gel box and news of a new patent sequence data bank. 相似文献
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基于闭环DNA的边着色问题DNA算法 总被引:11,自引:4,他引:7
提出一种新的DNA计算模型——闭环DNA计算模型。引进了批删除实验。讨论了其实现过程;提出并证明了边着色问题的基本定理,设计并实现了闭环DNA计算算法.该算法将边的DNA编码分为两部分,一部分存储边和色位置的二维数据,另一部分存储色号值;在DNA计算的主体部分用批删除实验得到全部正常的边着色,并通过电泳实验和检测实验获得χ′^-正常边着色.举例说明了算法的有效性和可行性. 相似文献
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DNA fingerprints: Victims or perpetrators of DNA turnover? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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Clustered DNA damage is considered as a critical type of lesions induced by ionizing radiation, which can be converted into the fatal or strong mutagenic complex double strand breaks (DSBs) during damage processing in the cells. The new data show that high energy protons produce more potentially lethal DSBs than low LET radiation. In this study, plasmid DNA were used to in-vestigate and re-evaluate the biological effects induced by the protons with the LET of ~3.6 keV/μm at the molecular level in vitro, including single strand breaks (SSBs), DSBs, isolated and clustered base damages. The results of complex DNA damage detections indicated that protons at the given LET value induce about 1.6 fold more non-DSB clustered DNA damages than the prompt DSB. The DNA damage yields by protons were greater than that by γ-rays, specifically by 6 fold for the isolated type of DNA damage and 14 fold for the clustered damage. Furthermore, the spectrum of damages was also demonstrated to be depended on the radiation quality, with protons producing more DSBs relative to clusters than do γ-rays. 相似文献
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目的:为确认Tn3-gpt已插入小鼠巨细胞病毒(mouse cytomegalovirus,MCMV)基因组的特定位置,改进大分子病毒DNA的测序方法,建立以230kb DNA为模板直接进行DNA序列测定的方法。方法:待测MCMV的Tr3-gpt插入突变株感染NIH3T3细胞后,从培养液中制备病毒颗粒并从中纯化得到基因组DNA,以此DNA为模板,合成的寡核苷酸为引物,用热循环方法按Promega公司的DNA Cycle Sequencing System试剂盒的方法进行测序。结果:获得纯度较高可直接作为模板进行测序的:DNA,测序所得放射自显影图片条带清晰明亮,间隔正常,分辨率较高,可顺利读出插入位点的MCMV的DNA序列,证实Tn3-gpt插入在特定的位置。结论:长达230kb的大分子病毒DNA可直接作为模板,用热循环测序方法进行测序,无需切割成小片段后才进行测序。 相似文献
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A hallmark feature of DNA replication is the coordination between the continuous polymerization of nucleotides on the leading strand and the discontinuous synthesis of DNA on the lagging strand. This synchronization requires a precisely timed series of enzymatic steps that control the synthesis of an RNA primer, the recycling of the lagging-strand DNA polymerase, and the production of an Okazaki fragment. Primases synthesize RNA primers at a rate that is orders of magnitude lower than the rate of DNA synthesis by the DNA polymerases at the fork. Furthermore, the recycling of the lagging-strand DNA polymerase from a finished Okazaki fragment to a new primer is inherently slower than the rate of nucleotide polymerization. Different models have been put forward to explain how these slow enzymatic steps can take place at the lagging strand without losing coordination with the continuous and fast leading-strand synthesis. Nonetheless, a clear picture remains elusive. Here we use single-molecule techniques to study the kinetics of a multiprotein replication complex from bacteriophage T7 and to characterize the effect of primase activity on fork progression. We observe the synthesis of primers on the lagging strand to cause transient pausing of the highly processive leading-strand synthesis. In the presence of both leading- and lagging-strand synthesis, we observe the formation and release of a replication loop on the lagging strand. Before loop formation, the primase acts as a molecular brake and transiently halts progression of the replication fork. This observation suggests a mechanism that prevents leading-strand synthesis from outpacing lagging-strand synthesis during the slow enzymatic steps on the lagging strand. 相似文献
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