南方红豆杉有性繁殖试验初报

针对南方红豆杉种子自然繁殖率低，种子萌发时间长的特点，探讨植物激素处理种子，对打破种子休眠，提高种子出苗率及成苗率的影响，试验结果表明，植物激素处理南方红豆杉种子，出苗率可达８５．５％，８个月即可出苗，而不用植物激素处理（对照）的南方红豆杉种子则需要１８个月出苗，出苗率８０％，播种基质也有直接影响其出苗率的作用。     

河南红豆杉属植物地理分布初探

分析了河南境内红豆杉和南方红豆杉分布与年平均温度、最冷月平均温度、最热月平均温度、≥１０℃积温、年降水量等５项气候指标的关系,结果表明：限制其分布的主要气候因子是≥１０℃积温和年降水量,适宜积温约３５００－５０００℃,年降水量７００ｍｍ以上,红豆杉和南方红豆杉分布区北界为南太行山一中条山。     

利用离体培养技术打破桂花种子休眠的试验

桂花种子成熟后胚有后熟作用,胚乳中可能含有抑制胚萌发的物质,使用赤霉素和3个月的层积处理也不能促使其萌发。将桂花种子进行3个月层积处理后,进行离体培养,培养基中加入0.5 mol/L BA,1.0 mol/L BA 0.5NAA可以打破种子的休眠,促进萌发。     

短时低温对绞股蓝种子萌发的促进作用

为探索提高绞股蓝种子萌发率的方法,分别探讨了不同光温、激素、储存、低温层积和短时低温等处理对其的影响.光温处理结果表明,绞股蓝种子的最佳萌发温度是15~25 ℃,光照可适当提高萌发率,但在最适温度20 ℃时,萌发率最高也仅为（31.54±2.04）%;激素处理结果表明,细胞分裂素（如6-BA和玉米素）对绞股蓝种子的萌发没有促进作用,赤霉素中GA3对其萌发没有显示出促进效果,但GA4对绞股蓝种子的萌发有一定的促进作用,在光照条件下萌发率最高可达（54.00±2.65）%;在18 ℃下,储存时间处理结果表明,一定的存放时间有利于打破其自身休眠机制,但时间过长种子的萌发率迅速下降,甚至不再萌发;低温层积处理结果表明,低温层积对萌发的促进作用不明显,低温层积90 d的种子在光照下的萌发率是最高的,仅能达到（34.26±3.21）%;短时低温处理结果表明,5,10,15 ℃条件下湿藏9 d后,绞股蓝种子的萌率分别可以提高到（73.06±2.12）%,（83.14±3.25）%和（72.13±3.52）%.储存处理与储存后短时低温处理的对比结果表明,随着储藏时间增加,绞股蓝种子的萌发率迅速下降,而短时低温层积对长时间存放的种子也有一定的萌发促进作用.     

提高杨梅种子出苗率的研究

杨梅种子发芽出苗率代,是培育杨梅嫁接砧木材料的一大难题。本试验采用了不同采种期、不同品种以及打破种子休眠等措施进行了提高其出苗率的研究。结果表明：杨梅果实成熟时采种,采用层积或秋播,种子出苗率较高。种子层积后播种前硒裂,并用5000倍翠竹牌植物生长调节剂处理种子,可使种子出苗率提高到91．1％。     

利用离体培养技术打破桂花种子休眠的试验

<正>桂花种子成熟后胚有后熟作用,胚乳中可能含有抑制胚萌发的物质,使用赤霉素和3个月的层积处理也不能促使其萌发。将桂花种子进行3个月层积处理后,进行离体培养,培养基中加入0.5 mol/L BA,1.0 mol/L BA+0.5NAA可以打破种子的休眠,促进萌发。     

贵州石笔木播种育苗的温度和湿度关系研究

我们采用调控温度和湿度的比较试验对贵州石笔木 (TutcheriakweichowensisChangetY .K .Li)种子萌发与播种育苗进行了研究 ,其试验表明贵州石笔木种子萌发的最佳温度为 2 0～ 2 5℃、湿度为 80 %～ 90 % ;采集的种子在此条件下砂藏层积 10～ 15d开始萌发 ,4 0～ 50d萌发率达 85%～ 93 % ;种子萌发后播种于恒温2 0℃的苗床中 60d后出苗率和 3 60d后成苗率分别达到 60 7%和 4 3 7%。这一研究结果对于珍稀濒危的贵州石笔木植物种质资源的有效保护和开发利用有科学意义和实用价值     

珙桐种子层积过程中脯氨酸含量的变化

本研究采用磺基水杨梅法,分析比较了珙桐种子在休眠和萌发过程中脯氨酸含量的变化情况。结果表明:在层积的不同阶段,脯氨酸含量呈现经历了几次波动,分别在层积的第4、10和16个月出现峰值。通过实验结果的分析,珙桐种子层积过程中脯氨酸含量的变化,增强了种子对环境的抗逆性,以确保种子完成后熟和萌发。     

影响南方红豆杉种子萌发因素的研究

研究了南方红豆杉种胚的发育状况、外种皮的结构以及种子各部分抑制物质相对活性．结果表明种子形态成熟时,种胚基本成熟,离体培养可以生长成苗;外种皮的不透气性和胚乳中的某些抑制物质可能是抑制南方红豆杉种子萌发的因素,但ＡＢＡ不是萌发的抑制因素．     

人工栽培南方红豆杉紫杉醇的含量分析

采用高效液相色谱法对人工栽培南方红豆杉枝、叶、皮、种子中紫杉醇的含量进行测定,并与文献报道的东北红豆杉、南方红豆杉、云南红豆杉的紫杉醇含量比较．结果表明,人工栽培南方红豆杉种子、枝条、叶和皮中的紫杉醇含量分别是0．01256％,0．00193％,0．00102％和0．01483％,它们均有开发利用价值,研究为合理开发利用人工栽培南方红豆杉枝提供了依据．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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