钛酸铝陶瓷粉体的制备研究

以NH4HCO3作沉淀剂的共沉淀法制备了钛酸铝(Al2TiO5)陶瓷粉体．实验发现，此反应体系的pH值对钛、铝元素的沉淀量有重要的影响，只有在pH6．0～6．5左右极小范围内能保证钛、铝完全沉淀．采用FT-IR、XRD、DTA-TG等分析手段确定了前驱体的组成．通过XRD、DTA-TG等分析表明，前驱体在热处理形成Al2TiO5的过程中，物相的变化情况是：碳酸铝铵→无定形Al2O3→α-Al2O3；无定形TiO2→锐钛型TiO2→金红石型TiO2；在1000℃左右α-A12O3和金红石TiO2开始形成Al2TiO5，然后在1350℃完全形成Al2TiO5．同时，TEM分析显示Al2TiO5粉体的形貌为球形，粒径为70～100nm．     

溶胶凝胶法合成TiO2纳米粉体及光催化活性研究

利用简便的溶胶凝胶法合成了锐钛型纳米TiO2粉体,对合成的TiO2粉体进行了XRD,SEM,TEM分析,利用对锐钛型纳米TiO2粉体形成过程进行了分析,并对合成的纳米TiO2粉体的光催化性能进行了研究,表明其对罗丹明B的光催化降解在1h内可达98%以上.     

MnOx/TiO2催化剂的制备及其低温NH3选择性催化还原NO性能

为了研究MnOx/TiO2催化剂的低温催化还原NO性能,采用微乳液法在不同的煅烧温度下制备了不同晶相的纳米TiO2,并以此为载体,利用浸渍法制备了一系列MnOx/TiO2催化剂.然后,利用BET,XRD,HRTEM,H2-TPR等方法研究了载体和催化剂的微观结构、分散状态和氧化还原性质.实验结果表明:随着煅烧温度的增加,纳米TiO2从锐钛型逐渐向金红石型转变,700℃煅烧得到的纳米TiO2呈混晶相,800℃煅烧得到的纳米TiO2则为纯金红石型;锐钛型及混晶相TiO2载体与活性氧化物MnOx之间的相互作用较为强烈,当纳米TiO2中金红石型与锐钛型并存时,MnOx优先与锐钛型纳米TiO2作用;纯金红石型纳米TiO2与MnOx之间的相互作用较弱.模拟NH3选择性催化还原NO的反应活性测试结果表明,500℃煅烧得到的MnOx/TiO2催化剂表现出较高的低温活性.     

转晶对纳米锐钛TiO2光催化活性的影响

加热处理纳米锐钛TiO2使其发生转晶,因而得到一种利用可见光激发的光催化剂,并对此催化剂用x射线衍射,红外吸收,紫外可见吸收等方法进行了表征．用该方法得到的TiO2为催化剂,进行可见光催化降解酸性红B的研究．结果表明,随着加热温度的升高,TiO2转晶比例逐渐增大,温度升到1000℃,全部锐钛型转变成金红石型TiO2,但TiO2在500℃下加热30min催化活性最高,酸性红B的光降解效果明显优于单独使用纳米锐钛型、纳米金红石型TiO2和按照转晶的比率混合的锐钛型和金红石型TiO2．这种显著提高的光催化作用归因于加热所形成的特殊锐钛-金红石界面耦合状态,导致光生电子从金红石相转移到锐钛相,避免了电子-空穴对的复合．     

TiO2薄膜的光催化特性

低压下利用四异丙醇钛水解法制备了TiO2薄膜,将TiO2固定化并尽可能保留其尺寸效应 .联系制膜条件和膜的表性,研究了TiO2薄膜的光催化活性.利用Raman、XRD、AFM和UV -vis等手段探讨了不同膜厚、晶型、衬底对膜催化活性的影响.结果表明,随着衬底温度的升高,TiO2由非晶型转变为锐钛矿,光催化活性提高;随着TiO2薄膜厚度的增加,催化活性降低.在玻片、Si、SnO2、Al为基片所制TiO2薄膜中,以Al为基片的TiO2薄膜的光催化活性最好.     

钛表面制备多孔氧化膜的研究

以硫酸和磷酸为电解液,工业纯钛为阳极,不锈钢为阴极,恒电流阳极氧化的方式在钛表面直接获得TiO2多孔氧化膜,经过500℃热处理,促进氧化膜由非晶体向晶体的转变.采用扫描电镜和X射线衍射对阳极氧化膜的形貌和结构进行了分析,研究了电流密度、电解液种类以及浓度对TiO2多孔氧化膜形态和晶型的影响,并探讨了其形成机理.结果表明,以磷酸为电解液时钛表面仅生成锐钛矿相的TiO2,而以硫酸为电解液时钛表面生成锐钛矿和金红石两种晶相的TiO2.     

SnO2@TiO2纳米粒子的光催化性能

以纳米SnO2·nH2O胶体粒子为基质,采用活性层包覆法制备出复合光催化剂SnO2@TiO2.用其对有机磷农药DDVP的稀释液进行降解,并用SEM、TEM、XRD、BET和XPS等手段进行了表征.结果表明:SnO2@TiO2粒径在12nm左右,比表面积为72.27m2g,由锐钛型TiO2与金红石型SnO2组成,光催化活性明显优于单一的SnO2、TiO2.其最佳用量为3.0gL,并且可重复使用.添加剂H2O2、Fe3+的最佳浓度分别为1.65mmolL和0.5mmolL.     

用部分中和法制备超细二氧化钛粉体

采用部分中和法制备超细TiO2粉体,通过TEM、XRD和TG-DTA对产品进行了表征,指出水合TiO2在煅烧过程中逐步失去游离水和化合水,再形成TiO2结晶,且随着煅烧温度的上升,颗粒的粒度迅速增大.在600℃以下煅烧时所形成的TiO2颗粒为锐钛型,在800*!℃时完全转化为金红石型.     

TiO_2膜结构调控及葡萄糖传感性能

以钛酸四丁酯为前驱体、聚乙二醇(PEG)为模板剂,通过调节加入溶胶中模板剂的相对分子质量实现TiO2膜微观形貌的调控。X线衍射(XRD)结果表明制备的DENSE、PEG-600和PEG-1000 3种膜均为TiO2锐钛晶型。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)及N2吸附-脱附表征发现:无模板剂加入的TiO2膜呈现平整致密形貌,加入平均相对分子质量为600及1 000的聚乙二醇后,制备的TiO2膜分别呈现规则纳米颗粒及纳米介孔结构表面。将3种TiO2膜固定化葡萄糖氧化酶并制备成电极后,无需加入氧化还原媒介体,均可对溶液中葡萄糖产生直接电化学响应。葡萄糖传感测试发现具有介孔结构的TiO2膜电极具有较好的灵敏度(5.95 mA·L/(mol·cm2))及电活性蛋白密度(1.63×10-11mol/cm2),具有纳米颗粒结构TiO2膜电极的葡萄糖传感性能次之,表明TiO2材料的微观形貌对葡萄糖传感性能影响显著,具有介孔结构的TiO2膜在生物传感领域具有潜在的应用价值。     

阳极氧化法制备TiO2纳米管阵列及其表征

采用阳极氧化法在钛金属表面制备出致密有序的TiO2纳米管膜层.利用FESEM、XRD方法研究了不同阳极氧化时间、电解液组成以及退火对TiO2纳米管形貌的影响.讨论了TiO2纳米管的形成机制.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with