Reduction of Faults in Software Testing by Fault Domination

Although mutation testing is one of the practical ways of enhancing test effectiveness in software testing, it could be sometimes infeasible in practical work for a large scale software so that the mutation testing becomes time-consuming and even in prohibited time. Therefore, the number of faults assumed to exist in the software under test should be reduced so as to be able to confine the time complexity of test within a reasonable period of time. This paper utilizes the concept of fault dominance and equivalence, which has long been employed in hardware testing, for revealing a novel way of reducing the number of faults assumed to hide in software systems. Once the number of faults assumed in software is decreased sharply, the effectiveness of mutation testing will be greatly enhanced and become a feasible way of software testing. Examples and experimental results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness and the helpfulness of the technology proposed in the paper.     

Comparison of SETAM with security use case and security misuse case: A software security testing study

A software security testing behavior model,SETAM,was proposed in our previous work as the integrated model for describing software security testing requirements behavior,which is not only compatible with security functions and latent typical misuse behaviors,but also with the interaction of them.In this paper,we analyze the differences between SETAM with security use case and security misuse case in different types of security test requirements.To illustrate the effectiveness of SETAM,we compare them in a practical case study by the number of test cases and the number of faults detected by them.The results show that SETAM could decrease about 34.87% use cases on average,and the number of faults detected by SETAM increased by 71.67% in average,which means that our model can detect more faults with fewer test cases for software security testing.     

Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Application of Seismic Zonation Map of China

China is a country with high seismieity. It is very important for industry and structure to fortify against earthquakes. In this paper the outline of seismicity in China, the criteria for fortification against earthquakes and the contents of seismic zonation map of China are described. The contents of seismic safety evaluation for major construction projects, such as large dams, large bridges, long distance pipe lines for transporting oil and natural gas, nuclear plants, petrochemical enterprises and so on, are presented. Some geological disasters caused by destructive earthquake, such as earthquake-caused collapse and landslide, liquefaction of saturated soll and earthquake fault and so on, are also presented. Preventive countermeasures for these disasters are discussed.     

Finds in Testing Experiments for Model Evaluation

To evaluate the fault location and the failure prediction models, simulation-based and codebased experiments were conducted to collect the required failure data. The PIE model was applied to simulate failures in the simulation-based experiment. Based on syntax and semantic level fault injections, a hybrid fault injection model is presented. To analyze the injected faults, the difficulty to inject (DTI) and difficulty to detect (DTD) are introduced and are measured from the programs used in the code-based experiment. Three interesting results were obtained from the experiments: 1) Failures simulated by the PIE model without consideration of the program and testing features are unreliably predicted; 2) There is no obvious correlation between the DTI and DTD parameters; 3) The DTD for syntax level faults changes in a different pattern to that for semantic level faults when the DTI increases. The results show that the parameters have a strong effect on the failures simulated, and the measurement of DTD is not strict.     

Analog Circuit Testability for Fault Diagnosis

In every field of engineering, testing is a fundamental step for the validation of design, being the most direct way to verify that a product meets its specifications. If the desired performance is not achieved, testing should identify all the causes of malfunctioning and indicate suitable corrective actions. Different algorithms relying on the symbolic approach have been presented in the past by the authors and in this work noteworthy improvements on these algorithms are proposed. However, how the testability is designed to maintain devices during its lifetime is discussed lack at present. Furthermore, this problem concerns needing more times on testing and fault diagnosis, and wasting more manpower and material resources. Especially in the army devices field, it is very important that maintenance and indemnificatory are advanced. In this paper, the parameters in testability design for fault detection and diagnosis will be given. The detailed contents of testability will be proposed, including the dividing of circuit module in equipment, technology material needed for detection and requirement of specifications used for testing.     

Measurement and study of the distributing law of in-situ stresses in rock mass at great depth

To solve the technical cruxes of the conventional system in deep rock mass, an automatic testing system for hydraulic fracturing that includes a single tube for hydraulic loop, a pressure-relief valve, central-tubeless packers, and a multichannel real-time data acquisition system was used for in-situ stresses measurement at great depths (over 1000 m) in a coalfield in Juye of Northern China. The values and orientations of horizontal principal stresses were determined by the new system. The virgin stress field and its distributing law were decided by the linear regression from the logged 37 points in seven boreholes. Besides, the typical boreholes arranged in both the adjacent zone and far away zone of the faults were analyzed, respectively. The results show that a stress concentration phenomenon and a deflection in the orientation of the maximal horizontal stress exist in the adjacent zone of the faults, which further provides theoretical basis for design and optimization of mining.     

Inspection of pipeline girth welds with ultrasonic phased array technique

A novel automatic ultrasonic system used for the inspection of pipeline girth welds is developed, in which a linear phased array transducer using electronic scan is adopted. Optimal array parameters are determined based on a mathematical model of acoustic field for linear phased army derived from Huygens＇ principle. The testing method and the system structure are introduced. The experimental results show that the phased array transducer system has the same detectability as that of conventional ultrasonic transducer system, but the system architecture can be simplified greatly, and the testing flexibility and the testing speed can be improved greatly.     

Compact-Parity Testing and Testable Design

Parity testing is one of the compact testing techniques, which, traditionally, relies on applying all 2^n input combinations to an n-input combinational circuit without need of knowing the implementation of the circuits under test. The faults can be detected just by observing and comparing its parity of whole output of circuit with the expectation one. The way seemed to be less interesting to the test eagineers in the past days, mainly due to the reasons of its exhaustive testing and time-cousuming, which became a barrier as the number of input lines gets growing. However its great facility and convenience in testing still interest to the engineers who need to have a quick look at the qualities of the circuits without generating the test patterns for a given circuit to be tested. In this paper, a new approach called pseudo-parity testing is presented to deal with the dilemma we are facing： i. e. to change an exhaustive parity testing into a non-exhaustive one, followed by a pseudo- parity testable design to help realize the new way of pseudo-parity testing. The idea of pseudo-parity testing presented in this paper may resume its spirits towards its promising future.     

Self reliance and Innovation of Qinshan Phase Ⅱ NPP Project

This article mainly describes the selfreliance and innovation of Qinshan nuclear power project of phase II,inbetween it contains new reactor core design, as well as related experimental and calculation analysis, especially for new reactor design produced fluidinduced vibration model test, theoretical analysis and testing inbuilt reactor; aiming at twoloop NSSS a series improvement made for safety systems and related safety analysis to enhance their reliability and redundancy; according to specialty of twoloop NSSS an optimization made for NPP parameters and design of related equipments, for the purpose to make the output of NPP maximal; design of main reactor building and TG building also improved according to characteristics of twoloop NSSS and site conditions. CRDM and refueling machine are researched and manufactured on base of selfreliance, their performance are better than design requirements, large portion of key equipments are localized through different way. In construction first time realized the integrated erection of containment dome. During the commissioning nonnuclear steam driving of TG set, as well as 500 kV high voltage rising using emergent diesel generator, etc. are carried out. In period of operation still continuous innovation and improvement are made, so that to keep the good record of operation.     

Research on On-line detection system for natural gas pipeline

Four methods for testing the thickness and defect of pipeline are compared and analyzed in this paper. The testing principle of magnetic leakage flux based on electromagnetism is discussed in detail. From the experiments of sensor character, the effects caused by some factors are found, which give some important information for sensor design, and this method is proved reasonable and effective. The mechanical and electrical structures of inspection equipment, as well as its working principle and technical features are introduced. In this paper, control flow and software design are discussed, too. This detection system has been successfully developed. Experiments show that this detection system has high resolution and can be put into practice.     

便携式真空加载剪切电视全息无损检测系统研究

介绍了一种便携式真空加载剪切电视全息无损检测系统，该系统用于大面积铝蒙皮蜂窝结构航空复合材料的无损检测．文中对系统结构及工作原理进行了描述，分析了真空加载无损检测的机理，得到了满意的检测结果．     

探地雷达在大型混凝土体质量检测中的应用

根据探地雷达的工作原理，提出了一种用于检测大型混凝土体（如桩基）质量的方法和关系式，通过实验模拟及工程应用，得出了很好的效果，这是探地雷达作为一种无损检测技术在工程应用领域的拓展     

基于变元统计分析的微小故障检测

微小故障检测对于预防重大事故的发生具有重要的意义.针对微小故障的检测问题,提出了一种变元统计分析算法(Transformed Component Statistical Analysis,TCSA).该算法对滑动时间窗口内的数据进行处理并提取变元(Transformed Component,TC),进而对变元的统计特性(均值,方差,偏度,峰度等)进行监控,以实现对微小故障的检测.该方法所提取的变元即标准化后数据的线性组合,其统计特性能反映出系统运行在正常工况下的某些不变量,而某些微小故障会打破这些平衡,进而实现对故障的检测.通过数值仿真和田纳西伊斯曼过程案例的研究,表明TCSA能够对微小传感器故障和过程故障实现有效检测.     

脉冲加热源的特性研究

脉冲加热源是我们实验室自行研制的脉冲加热红外热成像无损探伤系统的关键部分．本文通过一系列的实验首次研究了脉冲加热源的时间特性和空间特性，指出了影响时间特性和空间特性的主要因素，为该无损探伤系统进一步研究提供了可靠的实验数据     

基于数字水印技术的档案安全保护手段

分析了数字档案的信息安全隐患及对策,介绍了数字档案的版权保护手段——数字水印技术,阐述了基于数字水印技术的档案信息安全方案。     

公路路基评价的关键技术问题研究

针对公路路基密实度和强度快速检测的迫切需求,利用常规灌水和烘干法检测对快速无损检测(附加质量法和核子密度仪法)进行了验证,证明了无损检测的可行性,无损检测方法具有操作简单、检测速度快捷等优点;通过试验参数的相关性分析,获得了干密度与变形模量和承载力特征值的线性关系,其回归方程分别为E=512.76ρd-527.16、R2=0.8704;frk=402.85ρd-374.54、R2=0.7692.     

电力电缆初期绝缘故障检测方法综述

严重的电力电缆局部绝缘缺陷会导致显著的电压电流扰动，准确检测出这种电缆初期故障产生的扰动，可以对即将发生永久故障的电力电缆进行及时的运维处理，防止无计划停电的发生。文中对现有相关研究进行全面综述，归纳现场收集到的各种电缆局部缺陷导致的电压电流扰动波形及波形特征；对现有文献报道的初期故障检测方法，按照其检测原理和使用的检测数据类型，从暂态电力扰动的时频特征阈值法和人工智能方法两个角度对检测方法进行综述，同时对不同方法进行分析和评价。基于现有研究成果，对电缆初期故障在线检测技术的进一步研究提出建议。     

W-K合金的正电子湮没寿命谱研究

正电子湮没技术（PAT）是一种无损的材料探测技术,它可以反映正电子所在处电子密度信息,而电子密度信息能反映材料内部微尺寸变化,正电子对于纳米尺寸缺陷的变化非常敏感. 本文用正电子湮没技术中的正电子湮没寿命谱分析技术（PLAS）,对WK混合粉体在不同温度和压强条件下烧结后的微尺寸缺陷变化进行了分析,表明压强对于WK合金的缺陷变化没有明显的影响,而WK合金的微尺寸缺陷随温度有明显变化.     

胶凝砂砾石坝研究综述

回顾胶凝砂砾石坝的特点与发展;介绍国内外几个较为典型的胶凝砂砾石坝工程;着重阐述关于胶凝砂砾石填筑料工程特性的研究,包括:筑坝材料的室内试验、本构模型、耐久性等,胶凝砂砾石坝的静力、动力、温度应力、稳定性等结构工作性态,胶凝砂砾石坝结构模型试验、断面设计、施工技术等方面的研究进展,同时进行归纳总结并指出研究的不足;最后建议了胶凝砂砾石坝及其坝料今后可开展的研究方向。     

升船机钢丝绳断丝检测方法的研究

分析了在升船机钢丝绳检测中遇到的困难．通过设计特殊结构的磁路,采用周向多回路轴向励磁方式、以解决升船机钢丝绳检测中的磁化问题;通过采用聚磁技术,实现了钢丝绳断丝信号的获取,为解决升船机钢丝绳检测作了初步的研究．