DMB-TH标准中的一种帧同步与频偏估计算法

针对我国新一代数字电视地面广播传输标准,提出了一种新的帧同步及频偏估计算法.利用发送序列中的PN导频序列,通过接收信号自相关的方法实现帧同步,克服现有算法对频率偏移过于敏感的缺点;在频偏估计中,通过对PN序列进行FFT变换,在频域利用频偏的移位响应实现频偏的精确估计,具有较好的抗多径特性和鲁棒性,弥补现有D-Spaced算法初次捕获误差动态范围过大的不足.算法仿真证明了该方法的有效性.     

一种改进的用于TDS-OFDM系统的频率同步算法

本文提出了一种改进的用于采用交替伪随机(PN)序列的TDS-OFDM系统的频率同步算法.改进算法理论支持来源于传统算法中延长频偏估计的相关延迟长度能够极大地改善频偏估计精度,并利用TDS-OFDM系统中两个相邻的PN序列之间存在的最小相同符号以达到延长相关延迟长度的目的.相比于传统的频偏估计,改进后的频率同步算法能够将归一化后的频偏估计方差从10-8降至到10-12.同时改进后的同步算法通过对传统算法的推导理论进行简化,实现只需得到接收信号就可完成频偏误差估计,这比起传统算法需要接收信号与本地产生的PN序列相关后才能得到频率误差估计,改进后的算法会显得更有效率.     

Costas序列短波MFSK通信时频联合同步方法

针对低信噪比与强多径传播导致短波MFSK信号捕获困难、同步精度低的问题,提出一种基于Costas序列的短波MFSK信号时频联合同步方法。利用Costas序列二维图案优异的自相关特性进行信号检测与同步,将传统的滑动窗口法由时域扩展到时频域,同步获得时间和频率的估计值;为了降低计算量,给出了频偏与时延的精估计方法。仿真结果表明,与传统伪随机码(PN码)同步方法相比,提出的方法具有更好的抗噪声和抗频偏性能。在信号带宽为50 Hz、同步序列长度为1.28 s的ITU-R中纬度短波信道上,该同步方法能够达到98%的捕获率,虚警概率低于10^-2;时间同步误差低于12 ms;频率估计误差低于1 Hz。     

一种基于PN序列的OFDM符号频率同步方案

提出了一种利用PN序列构造出一种特殊的训练序列进行符号和频率同步的方案，在0，4，8，4L（L=0，1，…）的子载频上加入由PN序列调制的实数，其余子载频上加0，由此构成训练序列，利用训练序列经多载波调制后具有的特点进行符号同步估计和小数频偏估计，利用训练序列内部由PN序列建立起的差分关系估计整数频偏，仿真结果表明算法在高斯信道和多径信道下可以进行有效频率同步和符号同步。     

一种DMB-TH系统的频偏粗估计算法

针对我国新一代的数字电视地面广播传输系统DTMB中频偏估计计算量大、估计速度慢的难题,提出一种改进的频偏粗估计算法.先进行帧头位置粗估计,然后采用引入了频率偏差的本地零相位PN序列与接收序列进行滑动相关的扫频方法进行频偏粗估计.理论分析和仿真结果表明,在高斯和多径信道下此算法都能较快速地进行频偏粗估计.     

一种OFDM系统载波频率同步的改进方法

载波频率同步是OFDM系统的关键技术.对Schmid方法进行了改进,提出了利用PN序列迭代的载波频率同步方法,即将频偏估计分成粗估计和精估计两个步骤,在复杂度相同的情况下提高了频偏估计的精度和范围.     

TDS-OFDM系统的训练序列设计

为了提高时域同步正交频分复用(TDS-OFDM)系统信道估计精度并降低其复杂度,根据时/频的对偶关系,提出了使用BAP序列作为保护间隔填充方案。为了进一步兼顾时域相关特性和硬件实现复杂度,提出了Legendre序列及其离散Fourier逆变换(IDFT)的保护间隔填充方案。该方案能够方便进行时域相关以辅助接收机同步,其信道估计可以利用FFT计算循环互相关或直接利用算术Fourier变换完成。在不改变TDS-OFDM系统结构的情况下,本方案能获得更准确的信道估计。仿真表明,在频率选择性信道下误符号率较PN序列填充方案有0.4dB左右的性能改善。     

基于m序列的OFDM二阶时频同步算法

针对SC方法的定时平台和Minn方法出现多个峰值的不足,设计了一种基于m序列具有四重重复反对称的结构。提出一种基于本训练序列的OFDM二阶时频同步算法:粗同步和精同步。在粗同步时,利用训练序列的特殊结构,采用延时相关确定粗同步的定时位置,在此位置的前后小范围内利用m序列及其循环移位序列与接收数据进行差分相关算法,完成精同步定时。继而利用训练序列的延时相关求得小数频偏估计。仿真结果显示,在多径衰落信道下,与已有算法比较,所提出的二阶算法定时准确,频偏估计性能良好,尤其在信噪比较低时采用该算法能实现更准确的同步。     

正交频分复用系统中采用离散导频的频偏估计方法

针对采用正交频分复用(OFDM)调制的欧洲数字电视地面广播系统，提出了采用离散导频的载波频偏估计方法。将接收信号中的离散导频与接收机本地生成的离散导频进行相关运算，由相关峰值的偏移量求得整数倍载波频偏，由相关峰值的相位求得每个符号的绝对相位偏转量，再由相邻两个符号的绝对相位偏转量之差求得单个符号时间间隔内的相位偏转，从而得到小数倍载波频偏。仿真结果表明，与传统的采用连续导频的载波频偏估计方法相比，在高斯白噪声信道和慢衰落信道下，采用离散导频的载波频偏估计方法的性能有明显的提高；在快衰落信道中性能则稍差，但仍然保持在系统性能允许的误差范围之内。将离散导频用于载波频偏估计可以提高系统的频谱利用率。     

TDS-OFDM系统的训练序列设计

为了提高时域同步正交频分复用(TDS-OFDM)系统信道估计精度并降低其复杂度,根据时/频的对偶关系,提出了使用二值全通(BAP)序列作为保护间隔填充方案。为了进一步兼顾时域相关特性和硬件实现复杂度,提出了Legendre序列及其离散Fourier逆变换(IDFT)的保护间隔填充方案。该方案能够方便地进行时域相关以辅助接收机同步,其信道估计可以利用FFT计算循环互相关或直接利用算术Fourier变换完成。在不改变TDS-OFDM系统结构的情况下,该方案能获得更准确的信道估计。仿真表明,在频率选择性信道下误符号率较PN序列填充方案有0.4 dB左右的性能改善。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that