Coronal structure and brightness profile of the total solar eclipse on August 1, 2008

Solar corona is the outermost part of the solar atmosphere. Coronal activities influence space environment between the Sun and the Earth, space weather and the Earth itself. The total solar eclipse （TSE） is the best opportunity to observe the solar corona on ground. During the TSE 2008, a series of images of the corona and partial eclipse of solar disk were obtained using telescope and CCD camera. After image processing, preliminary results of coronal structure are given, and radial brightness profiles of the corona in directions of pole and equator of the Sun are measured. Though in solar activity minimum, the shape and structure of the corona are not symmetry. The equatorial regions are more extent than the polar one, and there are also larger differences between the east and west equatorial regions and between the south and north polar regions. Coronal streamers on east side of the equator, particularly the largest one in east-south direction, are very obvious. The coronal plume in south polar region consists of more polar rays than that in north polar region. These structures are also shown in other observations and data of SOHO. The radial brightness profiles in directions of pole and equator are similar to those of the Van de Hulst model in solar minimum, but there are a few differences due to coronal activity, which is shown in the isophote map of the corona.     

Gravity anomaly during the Mohe total solar eclipse

By using a high-precision LaCoste-Romberg (D-122#) gravimeter, continuous and precise measurements were carried out during the March 9, 1997 total solar eclipse in the Mohe region in Northeast China. The gravity variations were digitally recorded during the total solar eclipse so as to investigate the possible anomaly of the sun and the moon’s gravitational fields on the earth. After the careful processing and analysis of the observed data, no significant anomaly during the very solar eclipse has been found. However, there are two ‘gravity anomaly valleys’ with near symmetrical decrease of about 6–7 μGal at the first contact and the last contact. This is the anomaly phenomenon observed and reported for the first time in the literature. This note presents some analyses and discussions.     

碲化镉太阳能电池的研究进展

简要介绍碲化镉(CdTe)太阳能电池的发展历史,详细阐述了CdTe太阳能电池工作原理、制备工艺以及沉积后热处理、背接触影响,并且重点讨论了提高电池性能的方法和稳定性问题,最后展望了CdTe电池的发展趋势和应用前景。     

Ionospheric responses to a total solar eclipse deduced by the GPS beacon observations

The total electron content (TEC) data during the total eclipse of March 9, 1997 were collected, which were observed by means of nine GPS receivers located at the eastern Asia. The responses of total TEC to the eclipse were analyzed. The results show that: 1) the eclipse led to apparent decrement in TEC that lasted for six to eight hours; 2) the maximum decrement occurred after the middle of the eclipse with time-delays varying from twenty minutes to about three hours; 3) the maximum absolute deviations of TEC on the eclipse day do not show a simple and consistent relationship to the maximum solar obscuration. Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(49684002) Biography: CHEN An-hua (1976-), female, Master candidate. Research interests: studying ionosphere by GPS beacons.     

Recent progress in theoretical nuclear physics related to large-scale scientific facilities

Several large-scale scientific facilities(LSSF) are running and several others are under construction in China.Recent progress made by Chinese scientists in theoretical study of nuclear physics related to these facilities is reviewed.The emphasis is put on those topics covered in the issue entitled Special Topics on Some Theoretical Nuclear Physics Aspects Related to Large-scale Scientific Facilities(in Sci China Ser G-Phys Mech Astron,Vol.52,No.10,2009).     

日月食观测在科学研究上的意义

阐述了日月食观测在研究太阳大气结构、太阳活动，寻找近日彗星和水内行星，检验广义相对论理论以及校正历史中年日次序诸多方面的价值．     

Recent progress of bulk heterojunction solar cells based on small-molecular donors

Organic bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells based on small molecular donors have received great attentions recently, because small molecules possess the merits of high purity, well-defined molecular structures, definite molecular weights and high charge carrier mobility. The highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of BHJ solar cells based on small molecular donors and fullerene derivative acceptors has reached 7.38%. In this review, we will briefly summarize the development of small molecular donor based BHJ solar cells in the past two years. These results suggest that small molecular donors are promising candidates for high efficiency BHJ solar cells.     

Rocket UV flash spectra from the solar eclipse of March 7, 1970

Flash spectra of the total solar eclipse throughout all its phases have been obtained in the extreme ultraviolet for the first time.     

钌催化1,6-烯炔环化反应的研究进展

五元环和六元环是许多药物及生物活性分子中的基本结构单元,广泛存在于各种天然产物中.因此,开发高效的合成方法构筑五元/六元环一直是有机合成的热点课题之一.其中,由于过渡金属钌(Ru)催化1,6-烯炔的环化反应具备原子经济、反应条件温和、对官能团兼容性好、产率和选择性高等特点,近年来得到了研究者的广泛青睐.基于反应机理及产物的多样性,简要综述了Ru催化1,6-烯炔环化反应的发展历程和最新进展.     

Scientists:China the best place to observe longest solar eclipse in 2000 years

China is the best place in the world to observe the longest total solar eclipse in 2,000 years that will fall on July 22 and last for more than two hours,Chinese scientists said here Tuesday.