磁共振成像系统中梯度放大器的控制算法

针对磁共振成像对梯度放大器的性能要求,提出一种状态反馈和比例积分相结合的控制算法。介绍了放大器的主电路结构,对输出滤波器进行了优化设计。基于滤波器和负载模型,采用状态量反馈法,设计了二次型最优调节器以使系统具有良好的动态性能。为减小模数转换的有限有效位数对控制算法稳态性能的影响,进一步使用了差值放大结合比例积分的调节器。仿真和实验结果证明,系统具有良好的动态和稳态性能。     

On-demand degradable magnetic resonance imaging nanoprobes

Theranostic nanoprobes can potentially integrate imaging and therapeutic capabilities into a single platform,offering a new personalized cancer diagnostic tool....     

基于正则化的SPACE-RIP并行磁共振成像重建算法

采用并行磁共振成像可以提高成像速度和图像分辨率,但这是以牺牲重建图像的信噪比为代价的。为此,该文提出了一种基于正则化的并行磁共振成像重建算法,降低由于阵列线圈的几何相关而造成的信噪比损失。以预扫描图像作为最后重建图像的先验信息,用L曲线方法求解最佳正则化参数。实验表明,该方法能较大限度地减弱噪声对重建结果的影响,当SPACE-RIP并行成像技术的加速因子达到4时,仍可得到高质量的高分辨率重建影像。重建后的图像质量良好,对临床诊断具有较高实用价值。     

Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of a single cell

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging is now an established tool in clinical imaging and competes favourably with conventional X-ray computerized tomography (CT) scanning. The drive behind NMR imaging has primarily been in the area of whole-body imaging, which has been limited clinically to fields of up to 1.5 T (60 MHz). It is recognized that there may be substantial advantages in obtaining images with sub-millimetre spatial resolution. Also, there may be benefits to imaging at higher fields, since the signal increases as the square of the magnetic field. Using a modified 9.5 T 89-mm-bore high-resolution NMR spectrometer, we have now obtained the first NMR images of a single cell, demonstrating the advent of the NMR imaging microscope. The NMR microscope is expected to have considerable impact in the areas of biology, medicine and materials science, and may serve as a precursor to obtaining such resolutions on human subjects.     

基于正则化的SPACE-RIP并行磁共振成像重建算法

采用并行磁共振成像可以提高成像速度和图像分辨率,但这是以牺牲重建图像的信噪比为代价的。为此,该文提出了一种基于正则化的并行磁共振成像重建算法,降低由于阵列线圈的几何相关而造成的信噪比损失。以预扫描图像作为最后重建图像的先验信息,用L曲线方法求解最佳正则化参数。实验表明,该方法能较大限度地减弱噪声对重建结果的影响,当SPACE-RIP并行成像技术的加速因子达到4时,仍可得到高质量的高分辨率重建影像。重建后的图像质量良好,对临床诊断具有较高实用价值。     

关于磁共振图像质量评价方法的探讨

磁共振信号得到的人体断层图像,不仅可以反映形态学的信息,还可以从图像中得到与病理有关的信息,其图像质量的好坏将直接影响着医护人员对病人的诊断结果.目前对磁共振图像质量评价的重要指标是信号强度均匀度.但在信号强度几乎相同的条件下,这一评价指标的有效性较低.为了对磁共振图像质量作更加有效的评判,可采用比较信噪比的最大与最小区域的信号强度标准差的方法,其评价的有效性较高.     

二维SPACE RIP并行成像技术在三维磁共振成像中的应用

相比均匀欠采样规则,基于非均匀欠采样规则的SPACE RIP并行磁共振成像技术能够获得更高质量的影像。为了减少三维快速自旋回波(3-D fast spin echo,3-DFSE)序列的扫描时间,该文提出了在2个相位编码方向都采用基于指数分布的非均匀欠采样规则,结合SPACE RIP并行磁共振成像技术来减少扫描时间。并用仿真实验、水模研究以及活体实验来评价所提出方案的性能。实验表明,重建后的图像噪声低、分辨率高并且无明显混叠伪影,对临床诊断具有较高使用价值。     

用于低场磁共振T1、T2测量的序列

为了测量低场磁共振设备参数,该文提出一种对硬件要求不高,可以较快测量T1、T2数据的方法。通过对基本序列进行研究,充分利用由3个射频激发产生信号的信息,设计读取梯度对它们进行区分,完成了可以在一次扫描中同时测量T1、T2参数的刺激回波(stimulated echo,STE)序列。该序列在0.3T低场设备上进行了包括水模和人体在内的测量实验,测量时间相对同时使用传统自旋回波序列(spin echo,SE)、反转恢复回波序列(inversion recovery,IR)减少一半。测量结果证明STE是一种适合于低场环境参数测量使用的序列。     

Hippocampal abnormalities in amnesic patients revealed by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging

The identification of brain structures and connections involved in memory functions has depended largely on clinico-pathological studies of memory-impaired patients, and more recently on studies of a primate model of human amnesia. But quantitative neurobehavioural data and detailed neuropathological information are rarely available for the same patients. One case has demonstrated that selective bilateral damage to the hippocampus causes a circumscribed memory impairment in the absence of other intellectual deficits. This finding, in conjunction with evidence from humans and monkeys, indicates that the hippocampus together with adjacent and anatomically related structures is essential for the formation of long-term memory, perhaps by virtue of the extensive reciprocal connections between the hippocampal formation and putative memory storage sites in the neocortex. Although cognitive studies of amnesia provide useful information about the functional organization of normal memory, it has not usually been possible to relate memory impairment to anatomy in living patients. We have developed a high-resolution protocol for imaging the human hippocampus with magnetic resonance that permits visualization of the hippocampal formation in substantial cytoarchitectonic detail, revealing abnormalities in patients with severe and selective memory impairment.     

核磁共振成像在喉部占位的诊断与应用

通过对喉部占位的MRI检查,并与其他影像诊断、动态喉镜像及术中所见,术后病理进行对照分析.认为MRI在显示肿瘤占位、大小、浸润范围等方面,尤其在早期喉癌的诊断上有独特的优点.可为临床选择术式、制定治疗方案等提供可靠的依据.     

核磁共振成像在喉部占位的诊断与应用

通过对喉部占位的MRI检查,并与其他影像诊断、动态喉镜像及术中所见,术后病理进行对照分析。认为MRI在显示肿瘤占位、大小、浸润范围等方面,尤其在早期喉癌的诊断上有独特的优点。可为临床选择术式、制定治疗方案等提供可靠的依据。     

The design of the robot assisted magnetic resonance imaging guidance for minimally invasive surgery system

assisted Minimally lnvasive Surgery (MIS) is one of the rapidest developing directiorls in the current surgical reahn. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an optimal imaging modality which was applied in MIS in recent years. By combination of precise positioning to the target by intra-operative MRI guided surgery and dexterous motion by the robot, safe and smooth operation is expected to be peffurmed.An overview of the MR I-guided robotic system for MIS is offered. The design of the intra-operative MR scalmer system is described. The MR-compatible robotic system is carefully desigaled for safety and sterilization issues. This system unifies image information from open MRI, an optical endoscope and conventional vital-sign detectors. It helps and guides the surgeon and other medical staffs so they can make the right decisions. The high-performance manipulator can mimic the movement of the surgeon‘ s hand precisely. And the analysis for active and passive interventional surgical instrument tracking is provided.     

Modified DTPA,EDTA ligands and their paramagnetic metal complexes as contrast agents for MRI

Six new aminocarboxylic ligands were synthesized by reactions of EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) dianhydride or DTPA (diethylenetriaminepenta—acetic acid) dianhydride and ethyl ester of serine, threonine and tyrosine. Their paramagnetic metal complexes were also synthesized. All ligands and paramagnetic metal complexes were characterized by IR spectra,¹H NMR and elemental analyses. Relaxivity study showed that the metal complexes had higher relaxation effectiveness as compared to corresponding unmodified metal complexes. Imaging study of gadolinium complex of tyrosine ethyl ester modified DTPA in mice demonstrated that this metal complex could apparently increase the signal intensity of MR images. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Zhuo Renxi, born in Feb. 1931, professor     

基于核磁共振成像技术的堆浸细观渗流速度场特性

采用核磁共振成像技术对柱浸渗流过程进行非接触、无损探测,得到溶液静止和流动时的核磁共振图像.通过对速度值分布的分析,评价了速度场均匀性,得到了均匀性指数与喷淋强度的关系,进而研究了细观渗流速度场分布特性和孔隙内速度场演化规律.研究表明：流速分布具有明显的不均匀性,流速值与孔隙大小并不严格一致;不同喷淋强度下速度值分布趋势相似,最大流速与喷淋强度正相关;通过分析速度场均匀性与喷淋强度间关系可得到喷淋强度阈值,实验中0.7 L· cm -2·h -1为此粒级级配的喷淋强度阈值.现场应用动态喷淋强度可明显改善堆场的渗透性,提高铜的浸出率.     

静息态脑功能成像评价平衡针对正常人的中枢作用

目的:应用静息态脑功能磁共振成像技术,探讨平衡针的中枢作用机制.方法:选择10名健康志愿者,于针刺平衡针前后分别进行磁共振腩功能成像扫描,应用功能连接方法处理功能磁共振(fMRI)成像数据,针刺前后两组数据采用组间配对t检验统计分析.结果:针刺后的双侧颞中回、双侧眶上同、双侧尾状核头、双侧岛叶、左侧腹背侧核、双侧额上回...     

原子核磁共振显微检测芯片的磁路设计

基于磁路设计理论首先设计了一种适用于原子核磁共振显微检测芯片的永磁磁路;然后根据磁路磁通折射定理和基尔霍夫第一定律对设计的磁路模型进行理论分析,提出了单一匀场环磁路性能优化方法;最后利用有限元方法分别计算了优化前的磁路、单一匀场环优化后磁路和传统的双匀场环优化后磁路.计算结果表明:相比优化前和采用传统的双匀场环优化后的...     

NO分子的法拉第效应激光磁共振光谱

叙述了利用法拉第效应激光器共振方法对ＮＯ分子进行定量测量，从理论上给出了光谱信号幅值的数学表达式以及信号与分子浓度，调制磁场强度等实验参数的依赖关系，实验结果与理论分析一致。