微型泵半开式离心叶轮的空化性能

为了解空化性能对微型泵运行可靠性的影响,对两个半开式离心叶轮进行了空化实验。两试验叶轮在断面上具有相同的叶片型线,其中一个为二维叶片,另一个为倾斜叶片。为了与实验对比,在每个叶轮最佳效率点附近,基于标准k-ε模型和VOF空化模型进行微型泵内三维紊流计算。研究揭示了所试验的微型泵具有与常规尺寸离心泵相当的空化性能;随着叶尖轴向间隙增大,微型泵的空化性能下降;对半开式叶轮,采用倾斜叶片,既可提高微型泵的水力性能,还能提高其空化性能。研究显示叶轮进口流动均匀是空化性能得到改善的重要原因。     

超小型泵中前盖板对传统叶轮水力性能的影响

为提高超小型泵性能和实用性,研究了其中前盖板对叶轮水力性能的影响。基于传统方法设计了两种超小型泵叶轮,其中一个为闭式,另一个为半开式。在转速3 000~10 000 r.m i-n 1的范围内进行实验,测定了超小型泵的水力性能。对半开式叶轮,在0.2~0.8 mm间调整叶尖和前泵盖之间的轴向间隙,以考察其对泵水力性能的影响。试验结果表明:两种超小型泵的效率(闭式叶轮:51%,半开式叶轮:47%)均高于以往统计的泵效率值;由于机械密封等外部损失所占比重大,泵效率随雷诺数减小而降低,而内部效率则接近一个定值;随轴向间隙扩大,超小型泵的扬程系数、功率系数和效率都逐渐降低。     

基于泵内纸浆悬浮液数值计算的纸浆泵设计

在由吸水室、前盖板、半开叶轮和涡壳组成的过流部件内，对纸浆悬浮液的流动进行了三维不可压两相湍流流动计算．计算采用双流体模型及κ-ε湍流模型，Phase Coupled SIMPLE算法进行压力速度耦合计算．根据计算结果，对两相流动的速度、压力及体积分数进行了对比和分析研究．发现在叶轮叶片数较少的情况下，叶轮流道内速度变化不均匀．并着重对前盖板与叶轮间隙内的流动进行了分析，揭示了半开式叶轮输送两相流介质的优点所在．该计算结果为建立少叶片半开式叶轮纸浆泵的设计方法提供了理论依据．根据新的设计方法设计出的纸浆泵，效率经检测高出国家标准17．5％．     

核主泵叶轮能量转换与叶片载荷的关联性分析

为了研究核主泵叶轮能量转换规律与叶片载荷分布规律之间的关联性,基于RNG k-ε湍流模型,对不同流量工况下核主泵模型泵进行全三维定常数值计算.结果表明:从叶片吸力面到压力面,叶片做功能力逐渐增强;为了使叶轮获得较好的水力性能,叶片载荷的变化趋势应保持平缓,且其载荷峰值应在靠近叶轮出口处;根据不同流量工况下的叶轮性能曲线,叶片载荷有最优变化梯度;叶轮叶片中间流线上的动压载荷随着流量的增大逐渐减小,且动压载荷变化幅度较静压载荷更为明显,叶片动压载荷占总载荷的比重越低叶轮效率越高.     

基于仿生翼型喷水推进泵内流场特性研究

基于仿生学原理开展喷水推进泵内部流场特性研究.采用数值模拟与模型泵试验相结合的方法对仿生翼型设计的喷水推进泵叶轮与NACA4410和791翼型得到的叶轮进行比较分析.研究结果表明,相同条件下,仿生翼型泵扬程最高,附着在叶片附近的低压区最大,上压力面与下吸力面压差最大,效率最高;仿生翼型泵湍流动能发展相对稳定,速度矢量分布最为均匀,能量损失最小,仿生翼型泵具有最优的水力性能.仿真翼型叶轮的研究方法在喷水推进泵模型优化上具有一定的可行性,对后续的研究具有重要的指导意义.     

轴流式喷水推进泵的三元设计

运用泵的三元设计理论和计算流体力学(CFD)数值计算方法对大功率、高效率轴流式喷水推进泵进行水力设计和性能预报,并对喷口轴向长度、叶轮叶片随边与导叶叶片导边的轴向距离以及叶顶间隙对喷泵水力性能的影响进行进一步计算与分析。从理论上说明叶轮叶片和导叶叶片之间存在最佳匹配距离,该最佳间距为标称直径的3%~4%。运用黏性雷诺时均方法(RANS)对所设计轴流式喷泵水力性能进行数值预报。研究结果表明:泵在设计流量点效率达到92.3%,同时也满足抗空化性能要求,且在较宽的流量范围内具有良好的水力性能。     

对旋式轴流泵全流道三维定常紊流场的数值模拟

为研究对旋式轴流泵的内部流场特性及前后叶轮之间的流场干涉情况,应用标准k-ε紊流模型和SIMPLEC算法进行了定常三维紊流流场的数值模拟,得到了叶片吸力面与压力面、过渡干涉面、全流道下4个轴向位置的径向剖分面和3个径向位置轴向剖分的周向截面的压力分布及等值线图。应用数值模拟的结果能够获得前置叶轮、后置叶轮及整个泵各自的外特性,还可以帮助直观地认识对旋式轴流泵内部流动的耦合与干涉机理,指导水力模型设计。     

叶轮进口几何参数对离心泵空化性能的影响

对一个低比转速(ns=86m·m3·s-1·min-1)离心式锅炉给水泵进行了空化性能实验.为了与实验对比,在泵最佳效率点附近,基于标准k-ε模型和VOF空化模型进行了泵内全流道的三维空化湍流计算.结果表明数值模拟能较好地预测泵的平均空化性能.为改善锅炉给水泵内的空化性能,在实验泵已有叶轮的基础上,采用延长叶轮进口及加大叶片安放角的措施设计了5种新叶轮,并以这些新叶轮替代原叶轮进行了泵内全流道的空化流计算.结果表明,适当延伸叶轮叶片的进口位置及加大叶片进口角均可较明显地改善离心泵的空化性能.进一步的流场分析显示,保证叶轮进口的流动均匀性是离心泵空化性能得到改善的重要原因.     

提高小流量工况下轴流泵的效率

将开缝技术应用于轴流泵的叶轮上, 并选择合适的开缝翼型作为叶轮开缝的依据, 设计了一种新型轴流泵叶轮. 基于商用CFD 软件ANSYS CFX, 对常规轴流泵和开缝叶片轴流泵进行了数值模拟计算, 并分析了常规轴流泵和开缝叶片轴流泵在不同工况下的水力性能及其流场特点. 数值计算结果表明, 开缝技术提高了轴流泵在小流量工况下的水力性能, 并降低了进口压力脉动. 进行了两种轴流泵的水力性能对比实验, 结果表明, 开缝叶片轴流泵在小流量工况下的性能优于常规轴流泵, 证明了开缝技术能有效地提高轴流泵在小流量工况下的水力性能.     

叶片进口边位置对船用离心泵性能数值模拟与试验对比

为了研究叶片进口位置对船用离心泵内部流动和性能的影响。针对一国内生产的NSL125-415/A02型船用离心泵,在不改变原始叶轮设计的基础上,运用泵与旋转机械专业设计工具CFturbo分别将叶片进口边两次前移和两次后移,设计了四种新的叶型。然后采用全粘性三维湍流数学模型数值模拟计算了5组(包括原型泵)不同工况下的船用离心泵内流场,对比了不同位置叶片进口边对船用泵流量-扬程、流量-效率等外特性曲线以及叶轮内部流场在不同工况下的流动分布,并且将原型泵数值计算结果与试验进行了比对。结果表明：适当将叶片进口边位置向叶轮轮毂处偏移,可以相对改善叶轮内部流场分布情况,降低叶轮出口位置附近湍动能强度;在一定范围内,随着叶片进口边位置向轮毂处偏移,船用离心泵扬程有所提高,整体效率略有增加,且高效区域面积变大;通过与试验对比,运用数值计算方法来预测船用离心泵内部复杂三维流动是可行的。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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