剪切速率对黄土力学性质及邓肯-张模型参数的影响

为探究加载速率对原状黄土强度和变形特性及其邓肯-张模型参数的影响,采用SLB-1型三轴剪切渗透试验仪,开展原状黄土在不同围压和剪切速率下的不固结不排水三轴剪切试验,并通过微观试验验证其宏观力学性质。结果表明:在试验参数设定范围内,剪切速率对原状黄土的力学性能有显著影响,不同剪切速率下原状黄土的偏应力-应变关系基本符合双曲线关系;初始变形模量随围压的增大而增大,随剪切速率的增大呈现先增大后减小的规律,原状黄土的黏聚力c、无因次基数K、应力破坏比R_f和破坏强度与剪切速率之间存在明显的临界剪切速率转折点1.7 mm/min,此时各参数均达到最大值,无因次指数n无明显规律可循;当剪切速率小于此临界值时,黏聚力c、无因次基数K、应力破坏比R_f和破坏强度随着剪切速率的增大而增大,当超过剪切速率临界值时又有一定程度的降低,总体上呈现先增大后减小的规律,而内摩擦角随着剪切速率的增大而逐渐增大且增大幅度甚微;试样的偏应力-应变曲线无明显的峰值点,呈应变硬化型;通过拟合曲线,得到了原状黄土试样的抗剪强度指标和破坏强度与不同剪切速率之间的拟合公式,以期更好地研究剪切速率的变化对西宁原状黄土力学性能的影响。     

剪切速率对黄土力学性质及邓肯 张参数的影响

为探究加载速率对原状黄土强度和变形特性及其邓肯-张模型参数的影响,采用SLB-1型三轴剪切渗透试验仪,开展原状黄土在不同围压和剪切速率下的不固结不排水三轴剪切试验,并通过微观试验验证其宏观力学性质。结果表明：在试验参数设定范围内,剪切速率对原状黄土的力学性能有显著影响,不同剪切速率下原状黄土的偏应力－应变关系基本符合双曲线关系;初始变形模量随围压的增大而增大,随剪切速率的增大呈现先增大后减小的规律,原状黄土的黏聚力c、无因次基数K、应力破坏比Rf和破坏强度与剪切速率之间存在明显的临界剪切速率转折点1.7 mm?min-1,此时各参数均达到最大值,无因次指数n无明显规律可循;当剪切速率小于此临界值时,黏聚力c、无因次基数K、应力破坏比Rf和破坏强度随着剪切速率的增大而增大,当超过剪切速率临界值时又有一定程度的降低,总体上呈现先增大后减小的规律,而内摩擦角随着剪切速率的增大而逐渐增大且增大幅度甚微;试样的偏应力－应变曲线无明显的峰值点,呈应变硬化型;通过拟合曲线,得到了原状黄土试样的抗剪强度指标和破坏强度与不同剪切速率之间的拟合公式,以期更好地研究剪切速率的变化对西宁原状黄土力学性能的影响。     

泾阳黄土抗剪强度的环剪试验研究

以泾阳滑带土为研究对象,采用HJ-1型环剪仪对泾阳县的重塑黄土进行了单级环剪试验,研究了不同含水率,干密度,剪切速度下重塑黄土在较大剪切位移下的强度变化规律。研究表明:土体应力-应变曲线呈软化现象;粘聚力和内摩擦角均随含水率的增加而降低;剪切速度越大的其达到峰值强度所需的剪切位移越小,粘聚力越大,但其对内摩擦角影响不显著;干密度与峰值强度呈正相关关系,对残余强度的影响不明显。脆性指数随含水率和剪切速率的增大而减小。     

压实黄土力学特性室内试验研究

对山西吕梁某地黄土状填土进行室内试验研究,分析其工程力学特性,对比不同击实能下的击实曲线,表明随击实能增大,最大干密度增大而最优含水量减小.进行室内侧限压缩试验,分析含水量和击实能对压实黄土孔隙比和压缩系数的影响,试验结果表明：含水量越大压缩系数越大,随压力的增加含水量越大的压实黄土孔隙比减小越快;含水量和竖向压力相同时,随着击实能增大,土样孔隙比减小,压缩系数减小.     

压实黄土力学特性室内试验研究

对山西吕梁某地黄土状填土进行室内试验研究,分析其工程力学特性,对比不同击实能下的击实曲线,表明随击实能增大,最大干密度增大而最优含水量减小.进行室内侧限压缩试验,分析含水量和击实能对压实黄土孔隙比和压缩系数的影响,试验结果表明:含水量越大压缩系数越大,随压力的增加含水量越大的压实黄土孔隙比减小越快;含水量和竖向压力相同时,随着击实能增大,土样孔隙比减小,压缩系数减小.     

非饱和黄土抗拉强度的研究

分析了非饱和黄土抗拉强度的来源,研究了非饱和黄土抗拉强度的特性,结果表明：密度和含水量是非饱和黄土抗拉强度的主要影响因素;百饱和黄土在拉应力下的破坏一般为脆性破坏;抗拉强度与初始含水量呈幂函数关系;试样破坏时的极限拉应变随初始含水量的增大而变大。     

重塑黄土剪切屈服及破坏特性的真三轴试验

岩土体的剪切屈服和破坏面是岩土工程研究的基础.利用重塑黄土的真三轴试验,测试分析不同含水量重塑黄土在不同固结应力、不同中主应力比条件下的剪切应力-应变曲线.依据测试结果,以应变为条件进一步分析剪切屈服面和破坏面的变化规律.分析表明:一定含水量条件下,不同初始固结应力重塑黄土在同一π平面上的破坏面趋于一致;在一定的初始应力条件下,不同含水量重塑黄土在同一π平面上的破坏面形状基本相似,随着含水量的增大,破坏面逐渐向内收缩,但曲面的形状基本相似;子午平面内不同含水量重塑黄土的强度线均呈直线,且交汇于p轴的同一点,即不同含水量重塑黄土的强度破坏面为具有同一顶点的曲面锥;通过不同应变条件下π平面上屈服面的比较可以看出,各屈服面与破坏面具有相似性.     

硫酸对赤泥改良黄土剪切特性的影响

为了探究硫酸浓度对抗剪强度的影响,通过室内直接剪切试验测试赤泥改良黄土在不同浓度硫酸下的抗剪强度。将电阻率法应用到直剪试验中,分析剪切过程中电阻率和剪应力随剪切位移的变化趋势。同时探讨了硫酸侵蚀下不同垂直压力对电阻率和抗剪强度的影响。结果表明:在不同的硫酸浓度下电阻率随剪切位移的增大快速增大,剪应力随剪切位移的增大而增大;相同浓度硫酸下,随垂直压力的增大电阻率和剪应力都增大。由抗剪强度和垂直压力的线性关系,得到硫酸侵蚀下赤泥改良黄土的抗剪强度指标;分析了抗剪强度与硫酸浓度之间的关系。     

恒应变速率压缩中压实黄土结构特征试验研究

采用恒应变速率法测试压实黄土的力学性质,并与分级加载方法获取的数据进行比较。同时,用电阻率法测量压实黄土在压缩过程中的电阻率值,以期探究恒定含水量条件下,应变和电流频率等因素对压实黄土电阻率的影响,分析压实黄土在压缩过程中的土体结构变化规律。结果表明:恒应变速率方法能较快地确定非饱和压实黄土的压缩曲线并计算其压缩力学参数。含水量变化较小时,压实黄土竖向电阻率随应变的增大而减小,随电流频率的升高基本呈减小趋势,横向电阻率随应变的增加而逐渐减小,竖向电阻率大于横向电阻率;另外,平均结构因子和平均形状因子随着应变的增大而呈双线型减小,表明压实黄土孔隙率逐渐减小,土样稳定性增加,土颗粒间胶结作用变弱。各向异性系数随应变增大先减小随后趋于稳定,表明随着压缩竖向和横向结构单元变化速率基本一致。压缩过程中压实黄土的结构参数反映其微观结构的变化规律,可作为评价黄土力学性质的依据。     

重塑非饱和黄土等p剪切试验

探讨了重塑非饱和黄土等p剪切试验过程的破坏特性、屈服特性和水量变化特性.做了2种不同干密度的净平均应力和吸力等于常数、偏应力增大的三轴排水剪切试验.结果表明:破坏应力随吸力增大而增大;得到了一种确定等净平均应力剪切条件下屈服应力的新方法,q-s平面上的加载湿陷屈服线形状与p-s平面相似;土-水特征曲线依赖于偏应力,建立了含水量-吸力-净平均应力-偏应力形式的土-水特征曲线.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that