含装配约束的作业调度问题及遗传解码算法

传统上加工与装配是分开研究的,而且很少涉及作业装配问题.为此,描述了一种包含加工与装配的作业调度问题.利用FT10基准调度问题的工序数据构造了调度问题及其产品结构.初步进行了以经典作业调度问题(JSSP)为对照的研究.采用基于字符串直接解码的遗传算法,解决了染色体对应不可行调度解的问题.仿真实验验证了遗传解码算法的可行性和有效性,而且进一步表明装配约束改变了JSSP;近优值2 046也优于关键路径规则算法的结果.     

JSSP基本约束特点分析及调度算法

车间作业调度问题(JSSP)具有两类基本约束,即工件工艺路径约束和资源(机台)独占性约束;如何解决"死锁"是以工件加工次序为决策变量的JSSP调度算法需要研究的重要问题之一。该文研究了JSSP基本约束的特点,在此基础上,提出了一种基于操作顺序的可行解生成方法,以及基于此方法的遗传算法(GA),并进行了数值计算;针对不同实例,该GA可以稳定地得到满意解,并具有较好的动态性能。该文所提出的方法易于实现,运算量小,与其他搜索算法结合后,可用于求解许多更一般的JSSP。     

柔性制造系统的合作博弈调度

有多个加工和装配设备的柔性制造系统的生产包括零部件的加工和产品的装配过程.为适应敏捷制造,此系统需要有效的实时生产调度.文中就此提出了一种调度方法,首先根据产品装配结构对问题进行分解,得到多个易于调度的简单问题,形成对应的Agent,然后应用合作博弈理论,根据各Agent的重要性和装配约束获得Agent的排序,依此顺序在机器上按照规则进行生产安排,能够得到满足产品加工约束的近似最优调度结果.最后通过实验对所提出的算法进行了验证.     

虚拟装配工艺规划及示教系统的研究

描述了基于虚拟现实的装配工艺规划及示教系统的体系结构.采用信息分解法实现了CAD系统与虚拟现实系统之间的数据转换;研究了虚拟环境下装配约束的动态识别与管理问题,实现了基于约束的装配仿真;建立了装配操作任务模型,为交互式工艺规划与评价奠定基础.实际应用证明,该系统一方面可用来评价和优化装配工艺方案,另一方面可指导装配工人培训和示教.     

基于项目网络拆分决策的多项目协同调度问题建模

以大型工业品资源共享型节拍式流水装配过程为背景,提出基于项目网络拆分决策的多项目协同调度问题.根据装配过程作业的周期性调度需求,将单个项目的作业集合划分成共享资源的多个并行执行的协同子项目,以最小化节拍时间为目标,建立了项目网络拆分与项目调度同时决策的数学优化模型,设计了一种双层循环迭代算法以对模型进行求解.算法的上层是基于有效时序约束数量的作业划分构造型启发式算法,可在多项目网络之间调整作业的从属关系;算法的下层采用基于优先规则的启发式算法对上层拆分后的多项目网络进行求解,并将调度结果反馈至上层,通过循环迭代不断优化项目来调度计划.数据实验结果表明,所提算法能够有效提高资源利用率,且其求解质量和效率较高.     

自适应免疫遗传算法在混合流程车间调度中的应用

针对钢丝绳生产混合流程生产模式和工艺、结构特点，研究与设计了自适应免疫遗传算法求解钢丝绳生产JSSP问题．该算法利用免疫算法指导收敛方向，提高了遗传算法运算效率，改善了局部搜索能力．同时改进了算法交叉算子和停机准则．应用于钢丝绳生产作业计划管理系统，提高了调度的科学性、时效性及可行性．     

考虑火电机组调度计划交付能力的风火电联合优化与调度

为了规模化开发利用风电,应对高不确定性风电资源的大规模接入,针对我国贫油、少气、富煤的能源结构布局,主要从火电机组调度计划交付能力的角度来研究风火电联合优化与调度,探索充分发挥风火发电的互补机制与理论方法.通过引入机会约束规划来处理风电的随机性,并建立了含概率约束的不确定模型.针对离散时间调度模型中存在的能量不可交付和备用容量上下限不可达的问题,提出含积分约束的连续时间调度模型,将风火电联合优化与调度这一实际问题建模为一个含连续时间约束与概率约束的不确定非线性规划问题,并给出将该问题转化为确定性问题的方法.对所提出的连续时间调度模型进行实验仿真表明了该模型的合理性和有效性.     

多模式下装配式建筑工程资源受限调度方法

针对以往装配式建筑调度研究中,主要基于一个活动只有一种固定资源投入和固定工期的执行模式,而实际调度过程中多种资源投入和不同工期的多种执行模式普遍存在的问题,以及装配式建筑一体化建造建模方法的不足,建立以装配空间工期最短,以及在装配空间工期最短限定下的生产空间工期最短的多模式资源约束模型,在该多维空间调度模型的基础上,设计了一种搜索能力强、能有效求解该问题的布谷鸟算法(CS)。最后通过装配式建筑项目实际案例分析和遗传算法(GA)的性能对比,证明本文构建的调度模型和算法设计能有效的解决多模式下装配式建筑工程资源受限调度问题,丰富了装配式建筑项目调度这一领域的理论方法。     

基于面片模型的人机交互装配关键技术研究

针对现有的虚拟装配系统大部分是基于实体模型,其计算量大、渲染慢、装配速度慢并且难以处理来自不同CAD系统模型的问题,提出了基于面片模型的人机交互快速装配方法.利用面片所包含的几何信息通过边界表示法重构零部件装配所需的几何信息和空间位姿信息,给出了基于面片模型的装配约束定义.通过人机交互技术将复杂的约束组分解为多个单约束进行求解,实现了约束的快速、准确的求解;按照旋转矩阵和平移矩阵对零部件的空间位姿进行变化,实现装配;最后基于HOOPS三维图形数据平台开发了虚拟装配系统.实践证明,该方法可以有效地减少计算量、提高装配速度、实现协同装配.     

炼钢车间多天车动态调度仿真方案

针对炼钢车间多天车动态调度问题，提出了一种滚动调度策略下的仿真调度方案.模型目标函数考虑了最小化天车调度与工序调度在时间节奏上的偏离度，同时考虑了最小化天车工作量及其差异；约束条件在遵守天车避碰约束的同时，考虑了工位容量约束和重调度各种初始条件对天车调度的约束.模型以基于仿真的启发式方法求解.以某炼钢车间双天车调度为实例进行了仿真实验.实验结果表明，该天车调度方案能够维护工序调度稳定，减少和均匀天车工作量.滚动调度策略下，提出的启发式方法所得解的优化性能最高能达到最优解的96.3%.提出的滚动调度策略下的启发式方法相比于现场采用的实时规则调度方法，调度优化性能提高26.4%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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