Application of C5-C13 light hydrocarbons in depositional envlrOnment diagnosis

Based on the geological background and Gammacerane/C31H(S+R)ratios,source rock depositional environments of the studied oil samples(194)from 13 oilfields were classified into three groups according to salinity:saline-lacustrine facies,fresh to brackish lacustrine facies(including linmetic facies),and semi-saline to saline facies(including marine facies of the Tarim Basin).C5-C13 compound groups in the crude oils were separated by GC,and about 286 compounds were qualitatively analyzed.The geochemical application of the C6-C13 compound groups and their ratios between each group with individual carbon number was investigated.Our studies show that(1)C6-C13 compound groups and their ratios in the crude oils could serve as new reliable parameters for oil-oil correlation because the C6-C13 light fractions are the major oil component,especially in light oil or condensate,in which they account for almost 90%of the whole oil;(2)the compound groups of C7 light hydrocarbons in oils derived from different depositional environments with different salinity have different characteristics;(3)C6-C13 compound groups and ratios may be affected by other factors such as maturity,but they are mainly controlled by salinity of depositional waters.     

High molecular weight (C35+)n-alkanes of Neogene heavily biodegraded oil in the Qianmiqiao region, North China

With wax content of 1.62%, heavy oil has been produced from the sandstone reservoirs of Neogene Guantao Formation (Ng1Ⅲ). In the GC and GC-MS RIC profiles of its aliphatic fraction, n-alkanes are totally lost, which shows the result of heavy biodegradedation. However, the remaining trace C13-C36 n-alkanes can be still seen from its m/z 85 mass chromatogram. In addition, a complete series of C35-C73 high molecular weight (HMW) n-alkanes was detected by high-temperature gas chromatography (HTGC). The HMW n-alkane series shows a normal distribution pattern, a major peak at nC43, obvious odd-carbon-number predominance, CPI37-55 and OEP45-49 values up to 1.17 and 1.16-1.20 respectively. The present study not only has conformed the strong resistibility of HMW n-alkanes to biodegradation in crude oils as concluded by previous researchers, but also has provided some significant information on source input and maturity for the heavily biodegraded oil in the Qianmiqiao region.     

Pool-formation and secondary change of biodegraded viscous oils: Case study of reservoir section in the Zhengjia-Wangzhuang Oilfield, Jiyang Depression

It is demonstrated by various geochemical indexes that the Zhengjia-Wangzhuang Oilfield with viscous crude oil in the Jiyang Depression has been sourced from the contribution of matured source rocks in the upper Es4. The principal cause leading to the densification of crude oils would be biodegradation, with the degradation level of crude oils being ranked as 2-8; vertically, the biodegradation level increases from the top to bottom of the oil column, with a distinctive biodegradation gradient occurring. Calculated parameters of sterane, terpane and methyl-phenanthrene have indicated that the source-rock's maturity of crude oils and asphaltic sands ranges from 0.7 to 0.9, and based on the calculation of Easy Ro model, the temperature of hydrocarbon generation in the source rock would be within 120-140℃, which coincides with the measurements of reservoir inclusions. The measured homogenization temperature would represent the generation temperature of the source rock, and be fairly different from that of reservoir while being charged with hydrocarbons, which reflects the hydrocarbon-charging to be a fast process, and the period of pool-formation to be consistent with that of peaked generation. According to the evaluation of generation history, the pool-formation could have been occurring in 7-15 Ma. And the biodegradation of crude oils in the study area would be considered to take place in 4-15 Ma based on the examination of biodegradation order and dynamic calculations.     

利用气相色谱分析检测5种苯系物方法的建立

利用气相色谱毛细管柱和HP-5检测器等,建立苯、乙苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯和对二甲苯等5种苯系物（BTEX）的分析检测方法,验证器精密度和检测稳定性,确定了用Agilent7890B（附FID火焰检测器）检测这5种苯系物的检出限分别是1.68,2.17,2.018,2.02,1.256 μg/L,为采用气相色谱法测定空气中苯系物质量浓度奠定了基础.     

胆甾液晶冠醚固定相的气相色谱性能研究

４‘－胆甾烯氧羰基苯并－１５－冠－５（ＣＨ－Ｂ－１５－Ｃ－５）在不同温度范围内其相态不同，在同一温度范围内因处理方式不同而物性亦相去甚远，用其作成了兼具气固色谱，普通气液色谱和冠醚液晶气液色谱多种性能的固定相。用该固定相在不同条件下，对脂肪烃，脂肪酸，羧酸乙以及多种有机混合物等进行了ＧＳＣ，ＧＬＣ和ＣＬ－ＧＬＣ分离，发现它对这些物质有较强的分离能力，均获得对称良好的色谱峰。     

11批次白芷药材的HPLC和GC指纹图谱研究

摘要 目的：建立白芷GC及HPLC指纹图谱,为白芷药材的质量评价提供参考。方法：运用HPLC及GC法对白芷药材水提液及挥发油进行指纹图谱研究,HPLC采用Diamonsil C18 (250mm×4.6mm, 5μm) 色谱柱,A相：乙腈,B相：0.2%冰醋酸溶液（三乙胺调pH5.0）;柱温30℃,进样量10μL,波长245nm;流速：1mL/min。乙腈比例为0-35min：10-25,35-55min：25-58,55-70min：58-80,70-75min:80-100。GC采用HP-5毛细管气相色谱柱(30 m x 0. 25 mm x 0. 25um),采用程序升温模式,升温程序为55℃(10min)以4℃/min的速度线性升温至250℃(8min)。结果：通过建立11批白芷药材HPLC及GC指纹图谱,对白芷药材的质量进行控制,HPLC实验各批次之间相似度0.9以上,GC实验中各批次之间相似度高于0.8,各批次相似度较佳。结论：首次建立了11批白芷药材HPLC及GC指纹图谱分析方法,该法稳定可靠、重复性好,对白芷药材的质量控制提供了全面可靠的科学依据。     

准噶尔盆地腹部二叠系混源油油源组成与聚集特征研究

准噶尔盆地腹部地区原油普遍混源,为确定混源油的油源组成,本文尝试选取代表不同端元的单一油源原油的样品,进行人工配比混合模拟实验,发现原油饱和烃馏分C20-C21-C23三环萜烷的峰形会随不同油源原油的混合比例而有规律地变化.据此,以本区邻近盆1井西生烃凹陷的莫索湾和莫北油田为例,研究了混源油的聚集特征,结果表明,在近生烃凹陷区,晚期生成的下乌尔禾组生源油所占比例较高,而在远生烃凹陷地区,早期生成的风城组生源油所占比例较高,后期下乌尔禾组原油对前期风城组原油的"推动"作用以及发生在"推动"过程中的混源效应和次生变化,是准噶尔盆地腹部地区原油聚集过程中的重要特征.     

鄂尔多斯盆地甘泉地区烃源岩分子地球化学特征

GC、GC-MS分析表明,甘泉地区延长组长4＋5、长6和长7各烃源岩有机质饱和烃色谱为单峰型,Pr/Ph值较高,γ蜡烷指数较低,规则甾烷αααRC27-C28-C29构型均表现为“V”字型或偏“V”字型,即C27＞ C28＜ C29,表明生物来源为混源型,为低等水生生物和高等植物双重贡献,其中长7水体较深,且低等水生生物占比重大,有机质类型偏腐泥型;各烃源岩沉积环境为较低咸度水体,有机质演化程度为成熟-高成熟阶段.     

原油和凝析油轻烃的毛细管柱气相色谱分析法的改进

分析原油和凝析物的C4～C8轻烃,一般首先蒸馏切割原油或凝析油,然后用一根长的高效毛细管色谱柱进行GC分析。为了避免蒸馏带来的轻烃损失,我们改用了凝析油直接进样分析、原油或混油凝析油在丙烷脱沥青和A12O3脱胶质后再直接进样分析、He抽提法分析C4～C8轻烃等三种方法。与此相适应,我们设计并制成了耐高温的微型毛细管柱无死体积联结器和其它辅助设备。     

北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷原油成因类型及分布特征

在大量采集涠西南凹陷烃源岩和原油饱和烃色谱、色谱-质谱、碳同位素等资料基础上，对涠西南凹陷烃源岩特征进行分析，根据地球化学特征差异划分为A、B、C等3类烃源岩。系统分析原油有机地球化学特征差异性，对不同层系原油物性进行统计梳理，依据甾、萜烷、饱和烃组成等进行原油成因类型划分，将涠西南凹陷原油分为A、B1、B2、C1和C2等3大类5亚类。通过油源精细对比和原油空间分布特征分析，A类原油来源于A类源岩，主要分布在1号、2号和3号断裂附近及东南部的斜坡部位；B1和B2类原油来源于B类源岩，其中B1类原油主要分布在2号断裂附近，B2类原油主要在3号断裂附近；C1和C2类原油来源于C类源岩，C1类原油分布在与B1类原油相近的区域，C2类原油主要集中分布在2号断裂与3号断裂接近交互的部位。     

鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘三叠系烃源岩评价及油源对比

应用有机岩石学和分子地球化学的手段和方法,对鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘三叠系延长组长7段暗色泥岩和长8油层组原油,进行地球化学精细定量分析,研究了长7段暗色泥岩地质地球化学特征,评价了西南缘三叠系延长组长7烃源岩生烃潜力,并对长8油层组原油展开精细油源对比分析.结果表明:鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘三叠系延长组长7段暗色泥岩有机质丰度高、类型好、成熟度高,与盆地本部长7优质烃源岩具相近似的电性、岩性和地球化学特征,为一套优质的烃源岩.长8油层组原油在母源性质、沉积环境、成熟度等方而与长7段烃源岩有相近似的特征,二者具有较好的亲缘关系,长8原油来自长7段烃源岩.     

气相色谱法测定水中氯苯类化合物和溴氰菊酯

用正己烷萃取水中的氯苯类化合物和溴氰菊酯,采用气相色谱/电子捕获(GC/ECD)同一色谱柱进行分析测定.本法可同时检测7种化合物,其分析时间短,水样前处理简单,溶剂用量小.采用该方法的回收率高,精密度好且相互之间没有干扰.     

续断片及其盐炙品高效液相指纹图谱

采用Agilent C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相乙腈-0.05%磷酸水溶液梯度洗脱,流速1.0 m L·min-1,柱温25℃,建立了续断片和盐续断HPLC指纹图谱的测定方法,以川续断皂苷Ⅵ为参照峰,标定了29个共有峰.结果表明,该法重复性好,专属性强,可为续断片和盐续断饮片质量控制提供科学依据.     

贵州煤萃取物的族组成与萃取动力学特征探讨

用二氯甲烷对贵州月亮田和凯里两种煤样进行了索氏萃取。并采用柱色谱对萃取物进行了族组分分离，利用气相色谱／质谱联用技术（GC／MS）分析研究了萃取物的族组成，并对萃取动力学特征进行了探讨．实验结果表明：萃取过程阶段性明显；萃取物脂肪烃馏分主要为正构烷烃和烷基环己烷，芳烃馏分包括常规芳烃及它们的烷基衍生物和杂环化合物，非烃馏分检测出含氧、氮、硫和溴等多种极性化合物结构；在月亮田煤样中，低分子化合物多以游离态和吸附态形式存在，而在凯里煤样中。低分子化合物多以共溶态形式存在．图5，表6，参9。     

乳香中乙酸辛酯含量的测定

目的：建立气相色谱法测定乳香中乙酸辛酯含量．方法：采用气相色谱法Agilent6890N气相色谱仪,检测器FID,Agilent19091-413HP-5毛细柱（30m×0．32mm×0．25μm）．结果：乙酸辛酯含量在26．40～132．00μg范围内呈良好线性关系（r=0．9993）,平均回收率为100％,RSD为2．76％（n=5）．结论：气相色谱法测定乳香中乙酸辛酯含量方法操作简单,结果准确,重现性好．     

安塞地区长10段原油地球化学特征及油源探讨

通过对安塞油田G52井长10段原油样品的地球化学分析,系统地研究了原油的分子标志化合物的分布特征,并且进行了油源对比.研究结果表明,长10段原油饱和烃中以低碳数正构烷烃分布为主,呈单峰态分布,主峰碳为nC21,无明显奇偶优势,规则甾烷中ααα20RC27,C28,C29呈"L"型分布,ββ构型甾烷丰度较高.萜烷系列中三环萜烷的丰度中等,五环三萜类中Ts,C29Ts以及18a(H)-重排藿烷的丰度明显偏高,伽马蜡烷指数较低,而常规的升藿烷系列化合物丰度不高,明显受成熟度的影响.由此表明长10段原油主要来源于淡水或微咸水的弱氧化-还原环境,是以低等水生生物或藻类输入为主的湖相烃源岩,而且已经达到高成熟阶段.G52井长10段与长6—长9段原油和研究区烃源岩生标分布以及相关参数对比表明,长10段原油与长9段烃源岩生物标志化合物特征具有相似性,初步认为长10段原油主要来自长9段烃源岩.     

埕北30潜山油藏的连通性

从油藏地球化学角度出发 ,根据原油中C9～C17支链烷烃和环烷烃的色谱指纹特征、轻烃指纹对比、轻烃成熟度指标 ,对埕北 30潜山油藏的连通性进行了研究。研究结果表明 ,埕北 30潜山油藏各井原油的油源相同 ,但原油中C9～C17环烷烃和支链烷烃指纹、轻烃指纹、轻烃成熟度均存在一定的差异 ,油藏在横向上是不连通的 ;各油藏单元的古生界和太古界原油色谱指纹一致 ,其储层在纵向上是连通的。     

大港减渣超临界萃取物的GC/MS定性、定量分析

超临界萃取可以在控制的温度和压力下把重油分成很多窄馏分以方便后续分析,从大港原油真空分馏得到的大港减渣被超临界萃取技术分成F1到F16个级分.用商品级的石蜡作为外标.用GC/MS对这些级分进行定性和定量分析,分析结果显示用其主要成分为C15到C43的直链烷烃,包含藿烷、萜烯和含氧有机化合物等,这些化合物的浓度从F1到F16明显减少.     

脂肪酸成分的气相色谱分析

本文用气相色谱法对从粮油下脚所得的脂肪酸进行了成分分析     

白音查干凹陷稠油特征及其成因

通过对白音查干凹陷稠油物性及地化特征研究,认为该凹陷稠油宏观上具有高密度、高粘度、高凝固点、低饱和烃含量,饱和烃与芳烃比值小的特征;微观上烷烃色谱及生物标志物特征提供了稠油为两期混合油,成熟度属低～较成熟油的信息．利用同位素技术恢复了达－６井稠油密度,并根据生物标志物及物性特征将该凹陷稠油划分为三级降解油,结合油气藏分布规律及地化特征认为生物降解是造成该凹陷原油稠变的主要原因