浅谈特教教师的专业化成长与发展

特殊教育事业的发展,必须依靠教师,特教教师的培养是我国特殊教育发展的趋势之一,尤其是专业化新型的特教教师,要通过长期性的,实践性的,专业化性的培养,成功的成为特殊教育的,共同发展的,新型的教师培养模式,为特殊教育培养人才。教师只有不断地研究新情况、新问题、新环境,不断反思自己的教育教学行为,才能促进自己的专业发展。教师专业化发展需要反思型教师。应当鼓励教师把自我反思作为他们专业化的研究态度的组成部分。他们应当成为他们自己和学生的优秀诊断者和观察者。只有这样,才能不断提高自己的专业水平,才能不断成长进步,才能真正当之无愧地从事教育这一伟大的事业。     

对我国特殊体育教师专业化的分析和研究

国外出台有关从事某一类特殊教育教师的知识、技能方面较详细的标准和要求,关于特殊教育教师资格认证的制度,这些都从某种程度上对特殊教育教师专业化提出了法定的要求。目前国内所倡导的"教师专业化"主要针对的是普通学校的教师。而在特殊教育领域里,还没有对特殊教育教师的专业化标准作明文规定。根据国际上比较通用的关于普通教师专业化标准的规定,参考国外已有的对特殊教育教师专业标准的一些内容,结合我国特殊教育和特殊教育教师的现状和特点,笔者认为,我国特殊教育教师专业化的标准应该明确化。为此,本文拟对我国特殊体育教师专业化内涵进行探讨,为促进我国特殊体育教师队伍的专业化发展提供理论依据。     

基于能力标准的特殊教育师范生职业成熟度模型之构建

职业成熟度反映的是个体在不同的职业阶段所表现出的发展水平,一般的职业成熟度理论和测量难以充分反映不同职业的差异性和特殊性。特殊教育师范生作为准教师,其职业成熟度的发展关乎未来特殊教育的质量,因此对其职业成熟度的研究十分重要。然而该职业的复杂性、专业化特点不能由一般的职业成熟度模型充分体现。本文在已有研究的基础上界定了特殊教育师范生职业成熟度的定义,并基于《特殊教育专业师范生教师职业能力标准（试行）》,结合师范生的角色适切性和Crites职业成熟度理论,构建了特殊教育师范生职业成熟度的二维模型,以期为后续的实证研究提供理论借鉴。     

关于教师专业化达成可能性的探讨

教师专业化是教育发展的必然要求,是制定教师教育政策的理论基础,是推进素质教育的关键.从知识基础、定位、责任、自主性四个方面分析教师专业化的内涵,得出教师专业化是可能的这一结论.并认为进一步提高教师专业化水平的策略有:教师要树立新的专业发展观、教师专业组织和机构的建立、政府的推动等等.     

特殊教育体育教师专业化发展诉求

在对特殊教育体育教师专业化发展进行诠释的基础上,剖析了其专业化发展内涵的本质,对特殊教育体育教师专业化诉求进行研究.研究认为,特殊教育体育教师专业化发展具有"特殊性""专业性"和"时代性"特征.通过对这些特征的分析,阐述了特殊教育体育教师与普通体育教师的差异性.从教师专业化发展的角度,个人层面所体现的内因,以及社会层面...     

教师专业化趋势下我国教师教育发展研究

当前,教师专业化成为教师教育发展的趋势和潮流。教师专业化的发展对教师教育的改革和走向提出了新的要求。改革教师教育,推动教师专业化发展,是我国教师教育的必然选择。     

教师专业发展的分析及思考

新课程改革使教师的专业化发展越来越受到社会的关注和专家学者的重视。本文主要从教师专业发展过程中专业知识、专业技能、专业道德、专业训练和专业发展等方面探索实现教师专业发展的对策思考。     

浅谈新课改下的高中物理教学反思

反思性教学已成为教师专业发展的必由之路,是提升教师专业自主发展的内驱力。教师要从经验型教师向专业化教师转变,必须不断对自己的教育教学实践进行研究和反思。新课程教学呼唤教师从单纯的知识传递者走向研究者、反思者,也就要求新时期的教师不仅专业学识要较为丰富,而且还善于对教学问题进行研究和反思。     

吉林省培智学校教师专业化发展的现状调查

20世纪末，国际上教师专业化思潮传入我国，备受我国教育界关注。短短几年，教师专业化已成为我国教育界的一种语境，并成为许多学校和教师的追求。培智学校是我国基础教育的重要组成部分，培智学校教师专业化水平应如何提升直接关系到智力落后儿童的发展问题。本文采用问卷法、访谈法对吉林省培智学校的一线教师进行调查。立足分析吉林省培智学校教师的专业化水平现状，提出了几点提高培智学校教师专业化水平的建议。     

特殊教育专业大学生自主学习能力培养初探

世界特殊教育发展迅速,我国的特殊教育紧跟世界的发展步伐,对特殊儿童教育的质量在不断提高,对特殊教育教师的要求也越来越高。特殊教育专业大学生作为未来的特殊教育教师,其自主学习能力的培养就显得特别重要。为培养特殊教育专业大学生的自主学习能力,本文提出了如下培养策略:构建特殊教育专业大学生的自主学习体系,在教学的各个环节中培养他们的自主学习能力;注重特殊教育专业大学生的实践教学环节,在实践教学中培养他们的自主学习能力;运用学习合同策略,培养特殊教育专业大学生的自主学习能力。     

盾构机密封舱渣土非线性本构模型参数识别

根据密封舱改性渣土的三轴压缩实验数据,建立了基于优化方法的Duncan-Chang双曲线本构模型参数反演方法。为了解决参数识别反问题解的不稳定性问题,在Gauss-Newton优化迭代算法的基础上,提出了正则化参数反演方法。实际应用结果表明,所提出的反演方法具有较快的收敛速度和较强的鲁棒性,预测的实验模型变形与实验值吻合较好。     

Electrochemical properties of LiNi<Subscript>0.5</Subscript>Mn<Subscript>1.3</Subscript>Ti<Subscript>0.2</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript>/Li<Subscript>4</Subscript>Ti<Subscript>5</Subscript>O<Subscript>12</Subscript> cells

Spinel compounds LiNi_0.5Mn_1.3Ti_0.2O₄ (LNMTO) and Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ (LTO) were synthesized by different methods. The particle sizes of LNMTO and LTO are 0.5–2 and 0.5–0.8 μm, respectively. The LNMTO/LTO cell exhibits better electrochemical properties at both a low current rate of 0.2C and a high current rate of 1C. When the specific capacity was determined based on the mass of the LNMTO cathode, the LNMTO/LTO cell delivered 137 mA·h·g⁻¹ at 0.2C and 118.2 mA·h·g⁻¹ at 1C, and the corresponding capacity retentions after 30 cycles are 88.5% and 92.4%, respectively.     

Preparation of Al<Subscript>72</Subscript>Ni<Subscript>8</Subscript>Ti<Subscript>8</Subscript>Zr<Subscript>6</Subscript>Nb<Subscript>3</Subscript>Y<Subscript>3</Subscript> amorphous powders and bulk materials

Amorphous Al₇₂Ni₈Ti₈Zr₆Nb₃Y₃ powders were successfully fabricated by mechanical alloying. The microstructure, glass-forming ability, and crystallization behavior of amorphous Al₇₂Ni₈Ti₈Zr₆Nb₃Y₃ powders were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The isothermal crystallization kinetics was analyzed by the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami equation. In the results, the supercooled liquid region of the amorphous alloy is as high as 81 K, as determined by non-isothermal DSC curves. The activation energy for crystallization is as high as 312.6 kJ·mol?1 obtained by Kissinger and Ozawa analyses. The values of Avrami exponent (n) imply that the crystallization is dominated by interface-controlled three-dimensional growth in the early stage and the end stage and by diffusion-controlled two- or three-dimensional growth in the middle stage. In addition, the amorphous Al₇₂Ni₈Ti₈Zr₆Nb₃Y₃ powders were sintered under 2 GPa at temperatures of 673 K and 723 K. The results show that the Vickers hardness of the compacted powders is as high as Hv 1215.     

Kinetic parameters of oscillating reaction of amino acid- BrO3^——Mn^2＋-H2SO4-acetone system

In the previous papers[1—3], the oscillating reactionusing amino acids as organic substrates was studied. Inorder to obtain information about the kinetic parameters ofoscillating reaction of amino acids in amino acid- BrO3 - ?Mn2 -H2SO4-acetone sy…     

Acid etching process for fabrication of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8＋x stack

We adopted a new method, acid etching process, to fabricate the intrinsic Josephson junctions based on the Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 x single crystals. By soaking the crystals into the dilute hydrochloric acid, we fabricated a junction stack successfully, and meantime made the surrounding area insulated. A certain concentration of hydrochloric acid was used to maintain the roughness of the modified layer. The cur-rent-voltage characteristic was achieved through the four terminal measurement. We could control the junctions' number by changing the concentration and the soaking time. We also found that the thick-ness of the stack was equal to the average height of the insulation layer. Such a simple, convenient and controllable fabrication method with a high yield might widen the applications of the intrinsic Joseph-son junctions.     

基于遗传算法的带附加气室空气悬架多目标优化

以带附加气室的空气弹簧悬架为研究对象,按照物理模型建立带附加气室空气弹簧的数学模型,考虑到空气弹簧刚度的非线性,将该模型以空气弹簧非线性力的形式直接引入到1/4车辆模型。以提高车辆平顺性、行驶安全性及操纵稳定性的综合性能为目标,以附加气室容积为优化变量,设计带附加气室空气悬架的多目标优化模型;考虑到悬架性能各指标量在量纲与量级上的差异,对各指标量进行统一化处理,并采用线性加权和法将多目标函数转化为单目标评价函数。在MAT-LAB/Simulink中搭建系统仿真模型,采用遗传优化算法对典型工况下的最优附加气室容积进行寻优。优化结果表明,优化附加气室容积能有效提高悬架的综合性能,降低车身加速度、悬架动行程,但轮胎动载荷有所增加。     

Rolling-induced microstructure change in Zr_（65）Al_（7.5）Ni_（10）Cu_（12.5）Ag_5 bulk metallic glass

The microstructures and free-volume evolutions of as-cast and pre-annealed Zr65Al7.5Ni10Cu12.5Ag5 bulk metallic glasses during rolling deformation have been investigated. No phase transformation is detected in the as-cast/rolled specimen. However,the structural stability of the glass against plastic deformation is worse after pre-annealing,indicated by nanocrystallization in preannealed/rolled specimens with large deformation degrees. Moreover,with increasing deformation degree,the free-volume content in a pre-annealed/rolled specimen increases at a lower average rate than that in an as-cast/rolled specimen.     

Synthesis, Characterization and Calorimetry of Ni（C4H8N2O3）2Cl2

A coordination complex was synthesized from NiCl2 and dipeptide glycylglycine（GG）. It was characterized by element analysis, NMR and TG methods, and then was determined to be Ni（C4HsN2O3）2Cl2. Using an isoperibolic reaction calorimeter, the standard molar enthalpy of formation of Ni（GG）2Cl2（solid） has been determined to be -（1 674.66±2.02） kJ · mol^-1 at 298.15 K.     

Work toughening effect in Zr_（41）Ti_（14）Cu_（12.5）Ni_（10）Be_（22.5） bulk metallic glass

Work hardening is a well-known phenomenon occurring in crystalline metals during deformation,which has been widely used to increase the strength of metals although their ductility is usually reduced simultaneously. Here we report that the plastic strain of Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 (at.%) bulk metallic glasses has been increased from 0.3% for the as-cast sample to 2.5%-8.0% for samples that have experienced pre-deformation under constrained conditions. The pre-deformed glassy alloys possess more free volume and abundant introduced shear bands,which are believed to promote the activation of shear bands in post-deformation and result in an increase in plasticity. The orientation of the pre-introduced shear bands relative to the loading direction will affect the deformation behavior of pre-deformed samples. The present results show that pre-deformation of this glassy alloy will result in work toughening. This work toughening effect can be removed by isothermal annealing at a sub-Tg (glass transition) temperature,which causes annihilation of free volume and healing of shear bands.     

Mutagenesis of Ser24 of Cytochrome b559 α Subunit Affects PSII Acitivies in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

In order to study the functions of cytochrome b559 (Cyt b559) in photosystem two (PSII) activity, mutant S24F of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was constructed using site directed mutagenesis, in which Serine24 (Ser24) locating downstream of Histidine23 (His23) in α subunit of Cyt b559 was replaced by Phenylalanine (Phe). Physiological and biochemical analysis showed that mutant S24F could be grown photoautotrophically or photoheterotrophically. However, their growth rate was slower either on HSM or TAP medium than that of the control; Analysis of PSII activity revealed that its oxygen evolution was about 71% of wild type (WT); The Photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) of S24F was reduced 0.23 compared with WT; S24F was more sensitive to strong light irradiance than the wild type; Furthermore, SDS-PAGE and Western-blotting analysis indicated that the expression levels of α subunit of Cyt b559, LHCII and PsbO of S24F were a little less than those of the wild type. Overall, these data suggests that Ser24 plays a significant role in making Cyt b559 structure maintain PSII complex activity of oxygen evolution although it is not directly bound to heme group.