铝热法制备的ZrO_2/Al_2O_3复相陶瓷材料组织和力学性能

通过铝热反应制备ZrO2/Al2O3复相陶瓷材料,研究ZrO2含量对复相陶瓷显微组织与力学性能的影响.结果表明:复相陶瓷的相组成为ZrO2和Al2O3.随着ZrO2含量增加,ZrO2在基体中的分布越均匀,维氏硬度为8～15GPa,在ZrO2质量分数为41.5%时呈现最大值为14.85GPa;断裂韧性先增加后降低,在ZrO2质量分数为30%时呈现最大值8.01MPa.m1/2.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of a hot-extruded Al-based composite reinforced with core-shell-structured Ti/Al3Ti

An Al-based composite reinforced with core-shell-structured Ti/Al₃Ti was fabricated through a powder metallurgy route followed by hot extrusion and was found to exhibit promising mechanical properties. The ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the composite sintered at 620℃ for 5h and extruded at a mass ratio of 12.75:1 reached 304 MPa and 14%, respectively, and its compressive deformation reached 60%. The promising mechanical properties are due to the core-shell-structured reinforcement, which is mainly composed of Al₃Ti and Ti and is bonded strongly with the Al matrix, and to the reduced crack sensitivity of Al₃Ti. The refined grains after hot extrusion also contribute to the mechanical properties of this composite. The mechanical properties might be further improved through regulating the relative thickness of Al-Ti intermetallics and Ti metal layers by adjusting the sintering time and the subsequent extrusion process.     

Nb对Ti/Al_2O_3复合材料力学性能的影响

研究了热压烧结条件下Nb元素对Ti/ [φ(Al2 O3 ) =80 % ]复合材料相对密度、抗弯强度、断裂韧性及维氏硬度等力学性能的影响 ,分析了其影响机理。结果表明 ,在Ti/ [φ(Al2 O3 ) =80 % ]的Al2 O3 复合材料中掺入Nb元素 ,材料的微观组织形貌得以细化 ,性能有了较大提高。随Nb掺量的增加 ,材料的相对密度、维氏硬度与抗弯强度先增大后减小 ,当掺量为 φ =1.5 %时 ,其相对密度、抗弯强度、维氏硬度达到最高 ,分别为 98.13%、5 0 1.0 6MPa和 2 0 .31GPa ,断裂韧性随Nb掺量的增加而增大 ,当掺量为 φ =2 %时 ,其断裂韧性为5 .2 4MPa·m1/ 2 。     

铝热反应制备YAG/Al2O3复相陶瓷的组织和性能

利用铝热反应熔化法制备YAG/Al2O3复相陶瓷材料,研究配料中Y2O3含量对复相陶瓷显微组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明:复相陶瓷的相组成为YAG和Al2O3,合有少量的Fe相.随着Y2O3含量的增大,Al2O3颗粒分布越均匀,复相陶瓷的维氏硬度先减小后增加,而相对密度是增加的,在x=0.90时达到最大值分别10.9 ...     

Interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V/Al7050 joints fabricated using the insert molding method

Ti-6Al-4V/Al7050 joints were fabricated by a method of insert molding and corresponding interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated. The interfacial thickness was sensitive to holding temperature during the first stage, and a good metallurgical bonding interface with a thickness of about 90 μm can be obtained at 750℃. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and thermodynamic analyses showed that the interface mainly contained intermetallic compound TiAl₃ and Al matrix. The joints featured good mechanical properties, i.e., shear strength of 154 MPa, tensile strength of 215 MPa, and compressive strength of 283 MPa, which are superior to those of joints fabricated by other methods. Coherent boundaries between Al/TiAl₃ and TiAl₃/Ti were confirmed to contribute to outstanding interfacial mechanical properties and also explained constant fracture occurrence in the Al matrix. Follow-up studies should focus on improving mechanical properties of the Al matrix by deformation and heat treatment.     

Fe3Al基合金力学性能和显微组织的关系研究

显微组织对Ｆｅ３Ａｌ基合金的室温和高温力学性能以及抗蠕变性能有较大影响。研究表明，减少横向晶并不是提高Ｆｅ３Ａｌ合金室温塑性的最有效途径。通过加大形变量，细化显微组织可以明显改善合金的室温力学性能，但会使其高温性能下降。     

CuO/Al反应自生复合材料的机械性能研究

采用液态搅拌法制备了反应自生 Al2 O3增强金属基复合材料并研究了它的机械性能 .采用 X衍射和扫描电镜分析了相组成和断口形貌 .与基体合金比较 ,复合材料的强硬性得到较大提高 ,其中 10 % Cu O复合材料的抗拉强度提高了 5 2 .3% ,硬度提高近一倍 .复合材料中的拉伸断裂特征为韧性断裂 ,铸造缺陷渣气孔是主要的裂纹源     

环境友好型Sip/LD11复合材料的显微组织及性能

选用粒径为20 μm的高纯Si粉,采用挤压铸造方法制备Si体积分数为65%的Sip/LD¨复合材料.研究结果表明复合材料组织致密,颗粒分布均匀;透射电镜观察发现,在Si颗粒内部存在高密度的层错,同时还存在孪晶和位错;Si-Al界面结合状况良好,无界面反应物;LD11铝合金中存在位错和析出的共晶Si;复合材料具有低密度(2.4 g/cm3),低热膨胀系数(8.1×10-6 /K),高热导率(161.3 W/(m·K))的特性,可以通过退火处理进一步降低其热膨胀系数,提高热导率.该材料具有较好的力学性能.     

SiCp/Al MMCs等离子弧原位焊接接头组织与性能

通过填充Ti,N元素对SiCp／Al基复合材料（SiCp／Al MMCs）进行等离子弧原位焊接,分析了焊缝的组织和力学性能．以氩、氮混合气体为离子气,0．8mm厚钛片作为原位合金化材料进行原位焊接,不仅抑制了脆性相的形成,而且在焊缝中形成了TiN,TiC等新的增强相,保证了焊接接头的性能．力学性能试验结果表明,不加填充材料焊接时,试样拉伸强度仅为母材强度的31．24％;进行原位焊接时,试样强度达到母材强度的50．89％．断口主要表现为混合型脆性断口．     

水冷铜模铸造Fe3Al金属间化合物的组织和力学性能

采用中频感应炉熔炼、水冷铜模冷却的方法制备Fe3A1合金.利用X射线衍射、金相显微镜、扫描电镜及力学性能测试对铸态及热处理后合金的组织、力学性能和冲击断裂行为进行研究.结果表明:合金的铸态组织为等轴晶,晶粒尺寸大小不均;合金经1 000℃、15 h均匀化退火+炉冷+600℃、1 h中温回火+油淬热处理后,晶界得到细化,晶内和晶界上析出弥散分布的第二相,晶粒尺寸明显长大;热处理后合金的σb提高73 MPa,硬度由铸态时的22.3 HRC提高到了26.2 HRC,但合金的冲击韧性有所下降;铸态时合金的断裂方式主要以沿晶断裂为主,热处理后合金断口呈沿晶+穿晶的混合型断裂特征.     

搅拌铸造法制备石墨烯增强铝基复合材料的组织和力学性能研究

石墨烯增强铝基复合材料满足轻量化用材的同时兼具良好的力学性能,是一种极具应用前景的复合材料。通过粉末混合、压坯和热还原,制备了含石墨烯的预制块,并将其作为中间体在搅拌铸造过程中加入,成功制备了石墨烯增强铝基复合材料。通过扫描电子显微镜、拉曼光谱、X射线衍射仪等表征了复合材料的微观组织结构;通过力学性能测试,研究了石墨烯含量对复合材料力学性能的影响。表征结果表明,搅拌铸造法制备的石墨烯增强铝基复合材料中石墨烯结构完整,复合材料的晶粒得到明显细化。拉伸试验表明,石墨烯质量分数为0.4%的铝基复合材料的综合力学性能最佳,抗拉强度、屈服强度和维氏硬度分别较同条件下制备的纯铝提高了55%、47%和63%。断裂机制研究结果表明,随着石墨烯含量的增加,复合材料由韧性断裂转变为脆性断裂。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of （Ti,AI,Zr）N/（Ti,AI,Zr,Cr）N films on cemented carbide substrates

（Ti,Al,Zr）N/（Ti,Al,Zr,Cr）N bilayer films were deposited on cemented carbide （WC-8%Co） substrates by multi-arc ion plating （MAIP） using two Ti-AI-Zr alloy targets and one pure Cr target. To investigate the composition, morphology, and crystalline structure of the bilayer films, a number of complementary methods of elemental and structural analysis were used, namely, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, energy disperse X-ray spectroscopy （EDS）, and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. Adhesive strength and mechanical properties of the films were evaluated by scratch testing and Vickers microindentation, respectively. It is shown that the resulting films have a TiN-type face-centered cubic （FCC） structure. The films exhibit fully dense, uniform, and columnar morphology. Furthermore, as the bias voltages vary from -50 to -200 V, the microhardness （max. Hv001 4100） and adhesive strength （max. 〉 200 N） of the bilayer films are superior to those of the （Ti,Al,Zr）N and （Ti,Al,Zr, Cr）N monolayer films.     

原位合成TiB/Ti复合材料的微观结构及力学性能

利用钛与硼之间的自蔓延高温合成反应经普通的熔铸工艺原位合成制备了TiB增强的钛基复合材料.通过XRD、SEM、TEM和HREM等分析方法测试了合成材料的物相及微观结构.结果表明原位合成的增强体为TiB,合金化元素铝的加入并不导致新相形成,增强体均匀地分布在基体合金上.由于TiB的B27结构导致TiB易于沿[010]方向生长而长成短纤维状.增强体与基体合金界面非常洁净,没有任何界面反应.由于原位合成增强体的加入,复合材料的力学性能与基体合金比较有了明显的提高.     

TiC强化Cr12MoV基复合材料的组织和性能分析

用原位合成铸造法制备了TiC弥散强化Cr1 2MoV钢基复合材料 ,对材料的制备工艺、力学性能及微观组织进行了系统的研究 .试验结果表明 ,用原位合成铸造法制备TiC颗粒增强钢基复合材料的工艺具有可行性 ,且易于实现工业化生产 .TiC颗粒在基体中分布均匀 ,形状呈块状和球状 ,分布在晶内和晶界上 .颗粒与基体结合良好 ,且无团聚现象 .引入TiC后材料的室温和高温强度比基体材料的强度均有提高 ,说明TiC颗粒起了良好的强化效果 .金属基体与高耐磨性的增强粒子相结合 ,使复合材料获得了优异的耐磨性能 .在提高材料的强度、耐磨性、抗热疲劳性能的同时 ,TiC的加入也使材料的塑性和韧性有一定程度的下降     

原位合成TiC／Ti复合材料的微结构和力学性能

利用钛与碳之间的反应,经非自耗电弧溶炼工艺,简洁,低成本地制备了TiC增强的钛基复合材料,借助光学金相为微镜和透射电镜分析了复合材料的微结构,测定了原位合成钛基复合材料的力学性能和硬度值,结果表明,原位合成增强体TiC均匀地分布在基体钛合金中,增强体主要呈树枝晶状和等轴,近似等轴状,由于增强体TiC与基体合金的热膨胀系数存在较大的差异,在基体钛合金中形成同密度的位错,增强体与基体界面洁净,没有任何界面反应,复合材料的力学性能和硬度与基体钛合金比较有了明显的提高,铝元素的加入,不仅固溶强化了基体钛合金,同时使增强体更为细小,也有利于提高复合材料的性能。     

Nb对Ti/Al2O3界面微观结构与显微硬度的影响

在放电等离子烧结 (SPS)工艺条件下 ,运用SEM、XRD、EDX等测试手段对 12 0 0℃高温处理后的Ti Al2 O3复合材料界面反应区的显微结构及外加金属Nb对其界面特性的影响进行了研究。结果表明 ,不掺加金属Nb时界面反应产物为Ti3Al、TiAl,掺加金属Nb后界面生成TiAl和AlNb2 化合物 ;界面处生成的AlNb2 能有效的阻止Al、O原子向金属Ti中扩散 ,使Ti Al2 O3材料界面反应得到抑制 ,扩散层厚度减少到 5 μm以下 ;Nb的加入使界面扩散区的显微维氏硬度提高近 5 0 % ,金属Ti侧的显微维氏硬度提高 6 0～ 80 %。     

添加金属铝粉的锆刚玉莫来石材料显微结构与性能

通过扫描电镜、x射线衍射分析和体积密度、抗弯强度、烧结线收缩率以及抗热震性能的测定 ,主要探讨了金属铝粉的添加对反应烧结锆刚玉莫来石材料性能和显微结构的影响。     

Effects of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ni3Al-based superalloys: A review

Ni₃Al-based alloys have drawn much attention as candidates for high-temperature structural materials due to their excellent comprehensive properties.The microstructure and corresponding mechanical properties of Ni₃Al-based alloys are known to be susceptible to heat treatment.Thus,a significant step is to employ various heat treatments to derive the desirable mechanical properties of the alloys.This paper briefly summarizes the recent advances in the microstructure evolution that occurs during the heat treatment of Ni₃Al-based alloys.Aside fromγ′phase andγphase,the precipitations ofβphase,α-Cr precipitates,and carbides are also found in Ni₃Al-based alloys with the addition of various alloying elements.The evolution in morphology,size,and volume fraction of various types of secondary phases during heat treatment are reviewed,involvingγ′phase,βphase,α-Cr precipitate,and carbides.The kinetics of the growth of precipitates are also analyzed.Furthermore,the influences of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of Ni₃Al-based alloys are discussed.     

Microstructure,mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms of an Al-Mg alloy processed by the cyclical continuous expanded extrusion and drawing approach

Al-Mg alloys are an important class of non-heat treatable alloys in which Mg solute and grain size play essential role in their mechanical properties and plastic deformation behaviors.In this work,a cyclical continuous expanded extrusion and drawing(CCEED)process was proposed and implemented on an Al-3Mg alloy to introduce large plastic deformation.The results showed that the continuous expanded extrusion mainly improved the ductility,while the cold drawing enhanced the strength of the alloy.With the increased processing CCEED passes,the multi-pass cross shear deformation mechanism progressively improved the homogeneity of the hardness distributions and refined grain size.Continuous dynamic recrystallization played an important role in the grain refinement of the processed Al-3Mg alloy rods.Besides,the microstructural evolution was basically influenced by the special thermomechanical deformation conditions during the CCEED process.     

TiC增强Fe3Al基复合材料的显微组织与力学性能

运用原位合成反应工艺制备了TiC颗粒增强Fe3Al基复合材料 .显微分析研究表明 ,在Fe3Al中引入TiC颗粒 ,可以有效地细化材料的显微组织 ,从而改善材料的热变形加工工艺性能 .TiC增强体不仅本身具有很高的热稳定性 ,而且也大幅度提高了复合材料的热稳定性 .对复合材料进行的一系列性能测试结果显示 ,在Fe3Al中加入TiC颗粒后 ,材料的室温和高温强度和抗蠕变性能得到显著提高 ,但是在一定程度上降低了材料的室温塑性