Effects of metal binder on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al_2O_3-based micro-nanocomposite ceramic tool material

The Al_2O_3-(W,Ti)C composites with Ni and Mo additions varying from 0vol% to 12vol% were prepared via hot pressing sintering under 30 MPa. The microstructure was investigated via X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectrometry(EDS). Mechanical properties such as flexural strength, fracture toughness, and Vickers hardness were also measured. Results show that the main phases A12O3 and(W,Ti)C were detected by XRD. Compound Mo Ni also existed in sintered nanocomposites. The fracture modes of the nanocomposites were both intergranular and transgranular fractures. The plastic deformation of metal particles and crack bridging were the main toughening mechanisms. The maximum flexural strength and fracture toughness were obtained for 9vol% and 12vol% additions of Ni and Mo, respectively. The hardness of the composites reduced gradually with increasing content of metals Ni and Mo.     

CuCrW(Al2O3) nanocomposite: mechanical alloying,microstructure, and tribological properties

The effect of alumina nanoparticle addition on the microstructure and tribological properties of a CuCrW alloy was investigated in this work.Mechanical alloying was carried out in a satellite ball mill.The tribological properties of the samples were evaluated using pin-on-disk wear tests with different pins (alumina,tungsten carbide,and steel pins).The results indicated that the tungsten carbide pin had a lower coefficient of friction than the alumina and steel pins because of its high hardness and low surface roughness.In addition,when the sliding rate was decreased,the weight-loss rate increased.The existence of alumina nanoparticles in the nanocomposite led to a lower weight-loss rate and to a change in the wear mechanism from adhesive to abrasive.     

Al2O3／TiC陶瓷材料的改性研究

研究了固体润滑剂CaF2和BN对Al2O3／TiC陶瓷材料的力学性能和显微结构的影响，实验表明，Al2O3／TiC／CaF2陶瓷材料的力学性能比Al2O3／TiC/BN陶瓷材料的力学性能好，XRD衍射结果和微观结构显示，Al2O3／TiC／BN材料中的BN与Al2O3反应生成AIN，产生大量裂纹，致使材料的强度和硬度都大幅下降，Al2O3／TiC／CaF2陶瓷材料中的CaF2在烧结过程中没发生化学反应；材料晶粒大小均匀，基体组织呈网状结构，有利于提高材料的强度和硬度。     

Effects of metal binder on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript>-based micro-nanocomposite ceramic tool material

The Al₂O₃-(W,Ti)C composites with Ni and Mo additions varying from 0vol% to 12vol% were prepared via hot pressing sintering under 30 MPa. The microstructure was investigated via X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). Mechanical properties such as flexural strength, fracture toughness, and Vickers hardness were also measured. Results show that the main phases Al₂O₃ and (W,Ti)C were detected by XRD. Compound MoNi also existed in sintered nanocomposites. The fracture modes of the nanocomposites were both intergranular and transgranular fractures. The plastic deformation of metal particles and crack bridging were the main toughening mechanisms. The maximum flexural strength and fracture toughness were obtained for 9vol% and 12vol% additions of Ni and Mo, respectively. The hardness of the composites reduced gradually with increasing content of metals Ni and Mo.     

Effects of BN content on the mechanical properties of nanocrystalline 3Y-TZP/Al2O3/BN dental ceramics

3Y-TZP/3wt％ Al2O3 powder was coated with varying amounts of BN using the urea and borate reaction sintering method, and then multiphase ceramics were prepared by hot pressing sintering. The micro-topography and the compositional analysis of synthesized ceramics were conducted through scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. A mechanical tester was used to analyze the Vickers hardness, fracture toughness, and bending strength of the synthesized ceramics. The results showed that the ceramic with a BN content of 12wt％ showed the best processability, but had diminished mechanical properties (such as fracture toughness and bending strength). The ceramic with a BN content of 9wt％ showed better processability than those with 3wt％ and 6wt％ BN. However, the fracture toughness was affected by the addition of 9wt％ BN, making this ceramic only usable as a base material for a three-unit fixed bridge. In con-trast, the ceramics with a BN content of 3wt％ or 6wt％ fulfilled the criteria for use in multi-unit restoration, but their low processability made them unsuitable for milling after sintering.     

Effects of gadolinium addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-9Al alloy

This research aims to study the significance of Gd addition (0wt%-2wt%) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-9Al alloy. The effect of Gd addition on the microstructure was investigated via X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The Mg-9Al alloy contained two phases, α-Mg and β-Mg17Al12. Alloying with Gd led to the emergence of a new rectangular-shaped phase, Al₂Gd. The grain size also decreased marginally upon Gd addition. The ultimate tensile strength and microhardness of Mg-9Al alloy increased by 23% and 19%, respectively, upon 1.5wt% Gd addition. We observed that, although Mg-9Al-2.0Gd alloy exhibited the smallest grain size (181 μm) and the highest dislocation density (5.1×1010 m-2) among the investigated compositions, the Mg-9Al-1.5Gd alloy displayed the best mechanical properties. This anomalous behavior was observed because the Al₂Gd phase was uniformly distributed and present in abundance in Mg-9Al-1.5Gd alloy, whereas it was coarsened and asymmetrically conglomerated in Mg-9Al-2.0Gd.     

陶瓷再生混凝土力学性能及微观结构分析

为了提高陶瓷的再生利用率,将陶瓷颗粒与陶瓷粉作为再生混凝土骨料与掺合料进行再生利用.设计了不同试验方案,对比分析了由复掺陶瓷颗粒、陶瓷粉构成的再生混凝土与单掺陶瓷粉构成的再生混凝土的力学性能.利用SEM以及X荧光分析方法,研究了不同方案下混凝土微观结构的变化规律,并依据微观性能,揭示了再生混凝土强度变化机理.研究表明:随着陶瓷颗粒掺量的增大,再生混凝土的抗压强度逐渐提高;陶瓷粉的掺入能显著提高再生混凝土内部水化反应速率,但混凝土的强度有所降低.     

Effect of hot stamping parameters on the mechanical properties and microstructure of cold-rolled 22MnB5 steel strips

Thermomechanical experiments were carried out to reproduce the hot stamping process and to investigate the effects of process parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of stamped parts. The process parameters, such as austenitizing temperature, soaking time, initial deformation temperature and cooling rate, are studied. The resulting microstructures of specimens were observed and analyzed. To evaluate the mechanical properties of specimens, tensile and hardness tests were also performed at room temperature. The optimum parameters to achieve the highest tensile strength and the desired microstructure were acquired by comparing and analyzing the results. It is indicated that hot deformation changes the transformation characteristics of 22MnB5 steel. Austenite deformation promotes the austenite-to-ferrite transformation and elevates the critical cooling rate to induce a fully martensitic transformation.     

Effects of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ni3Al-based superalloys: A review

Ni₃Al-based alloys have drawn much attention as candidates for high-temperature structural materials due to their excellent comprehensive properties.The microstructure and corresponding mechanical properties of Ni₃Al-based alloys are known to be susceptible to heat treatment.Thus,a significant step is to employ various heat treatments to derive the desirable mechanical properties of the alloys.This paper briefly summarizes the recent advances in the microstructure evolution that occurs during the heat treatment of Ni₃Al-based alloys.Aside fromγ′phase andγphase,the precipitations ofβphase,α-Cr precipitates,and carbides are also found in Ni₃Al-based alloys with the addition of various alloying elements.The evolution in morphology,size,and volume fraction of various types of secondary phases during heat treatment are reviewed,involvingγ′phase,βphase,α-Cr precipitate,and carbides.The kinetics of the growth of precipitates are also analyzed.Furthermore,the influences of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of Ni₃Al-based alloys are discussed.     

Effects of Ru on microstructure stability and mechanical properties of Ni_3Al single crystal alloy

The effect of Ru on microstructure stability and stress rupture properties of a Ni_3Al single-crystal alloy was investigated. The experimental results showed that the addition of 2%Ru(mass fraction) improved the microstructure stability due to the restraint of harmful Y-NiMo phase formation during the thermal exposure at the high temperature above 1 000℃.And the reason may be that the addition of Ru increased the degree of Mo supersaturation in bothγandγ' phases,and hence suppressed the precipitation of ...     

Y对Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr铸造镁合金组织和性能的影响

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜和X线衍射仪等分析研究Y对Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr铸造镁合金组织和性能的影响,并测试其室温力学性能.研究结果表明:Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-xY(x=0,0.6％,1.2％,1.8％,质量分数)合金铸态组织主要由α-Mg和Mg12(NdaZn1-a)相组成,Y元素主要固溶在α-Mg和Mg12(NdaZn1-a)相中;合金经530℃/14h固溶处理后组织由α-Mg、残余的少量Mg12(NdaZn1-a)相以及方块状Mg24RE5相组成;固溶态合金经200℃/12h时效处理后有大量尺寸为10nm左右的β'和β”析出相生成,能有效地强化基体;随Y质量分数增加,合金室温抗拉强度和屈服强度逐渐上升,最高分别达到271 MPa和161 MPa,较基础Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr合金有较大幅度提高.     

添加Al_2O_3对95W-Ni-Fe合金微观组织与力学性能的影响

针对钨合金作为预制破片战斗部穿甲后的易碎性,研究了添加不同粒径Al2O3对95W合金微观组织与性能的影响.结果表明,随着添加的Al2O3粒径的减小,钨合金中钨颗粒的平均直径尺寸减小 获得的新型95W合金的静态抗拉强度和延伸率均低于传统95W合金,并且新型95W合金的强度和延伸率随着添加Al2O3初始粉末粒径的降低而增加 添加Al2O3初始粉末粒径的减小增大了新型95W合金的抗压强度 新型钨合金由于Al2O3的存在引发了大量初始裂纹并在承受冲击载荷时导致应力集中,微裂纹迅速连结并扩展后形成裂纹.     

SiCp/Al MMCs等离子弧原位焊接接头组织与性能

通过填充Ti,N元素对SiCp／Al基复合材料（SiCp／Al MMCs）进行等离子弧原位焊接,分析了焊缝的组织和力学性能．以氩、氮混合气体为离子气,0．8mm厚钛片作为原位合金化材料进行原位焊接,不仅抑制了脆性相的形成,而且在焊缝中形成了TiN,TiC等新的增强相,保证了焊接接头的性能．力学性能试验结果表明,不加填充材料焊接时,试样拉伸强度仅为母材强度的31．24％;进行原位焊接时,试样强度达到母材强度的50．89％．断口主要表现为混合型脆性断口．     

铝合金基体上Al2O3基陶瓷涂层形成机理

为消除铝合金基体上制备陶瓷涂层过程中高温对基体性能的不利影响 ,寻求一种在较低温度下制备陶瓷涂层的方法。将含有一水硬铝石和添加物的浆液施于铝合金基体表面 ,借助于在铝合金表面和涂层内部发生的一系列化学反应而原位生成 Al2 O3基陶瓷涂层。通过研究一水硬铝石在不同温度条件下的热分解反应 ,分析了涂层形成机理 ,借助于X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜等分析技术对涂层的物相、微观结构和结合机理进行了研究。结果表明 ,利用一水硬铝石热分解在铝合金基体上制备陶瓷涂层是可行的     

硅酸钠模数对无机聚合物力学性能与微观结构的影响

用模数m=1.0、1.2、1.4和1.6的4种硅酸钠溶液作激发剂制备偏高岭土基无机聚合物,通过强度测试、红外分析(IR)、X线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)等方法考察激发剂模数对无机聚合物力学性能和微观结构的影响。结果表明:模数在1.0~1.6变化时,激发剂中硅氧四面体呈低聚合态;随养护时间延长,无机聚合物抗压强度和抗折强度提高,m=1.2的无机聚合物28 d抗压强度最高(74.6 MPa),抗折强度为11.2 MPa;4种无机聚合物主体相均呈非晶态,结构上由凝胶体和残留原料颗粒组成,其中,m=1.2时无机聚合物的显微结构最平整。     

Effects of different friction stir welding conditions on the microstructure and mechanical properties of copper plates

Friction stir welding is a new and innovative welding method used to fuse materials. In this welding method, the heat generated by friction and plastic flow causes significant changes in the microstructure of the material, which leads to local changes in the mechanical properties of the weld. In this study, the effects of various welding parameters such as the rotational and traverse speeds of the tool on the microstructural and mechanical properties of copper plates were investigated; additionally, Charpy tests were performed on copper plates for the first time. Also, the effect of the number of welding passes on the aforementioned properties has not been investigated in previous studies. The results indicated that better welds with superior properties are produced when less heat is transferred to the workpiece during the welding process. It was also found that although the properties of the stir zone improved with an increasing number of weld passes, the properties of its weakest zone, the heat-affected zone, deteriorated.     

Effects of P addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–5%Sn–1.25%Si alloy

The effects of Al-P addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg–5%Sn–1.25%Si magnesium alloy were investigated. The results show that the phases of the as-cast alloy are composed of α-Mg, Mg2 Sn, Mg2 Si, little P, and AlP. The Chinese character shape Mg2 Si phase changes into a granular morphology by P addition because AlP can act as a heterogeneous nucleation core for the Mg2 Si phase. When 0.225wt% of Al–3.5%P alloy is added, the mechanical properties of the Mg–5%Sn–1.25%Si alloy are greatly improved, and the tensile strength increases from 156 to 191 MPa, an increase of 22.4% compared to the alloy without P addition. When the amount of Al–3.5%P reaches 0.300wt%, a segregation phenomenon occurs in the granular Mg2 Si phase, and the tensile strength and hardness decrease though the elongation increases.     

Reinforcing effect of graphene on the mechanical properties of Al2O3/TiC ceramics

Multilayer graphene (MLG)-reinforced Al2O3/TiC ceramics were fabricated through hot pressing sintering, and the reinforcingef-fect of MLG on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the composites was investigated by experiment and simulation. The simula-tion of dynamic crack initiation and propagation was investigated based on the cohesive zone method. The results show that the composite added with 0.2wt% MLG has excellent flexural strength and high fracture toughness. The major reinforcing mechanisms are the synergistic effect by strong and weak bonding interfaces, MLG pull-out, and grain refinement resulting from the addition of MLG. In addition, the ag-gravating of crack deflection, branching, blunting, and bridging have indispensable contribution to the improvement of the as-designed mate-rials.     

Cu含量对AZ61镁合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

通过真空感应熔炼技术制备出不同Cu含量的AZ61镁合金,采用光学显微镜(OM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、差热分析(DSC)、扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱分析(EDS)等方法研究了Cu元素对合金组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:Cu元素以三元AlCuMg相存在于合金中,主要分布在晶界处及枝晶间;添加Cu元素后能够细化合金铸态组织,并使β-Mg17Al12相数量减少、尺寸变细;随着Cu含量增加,挤压态合金强度先上升后下降,而延伸率只有当Cu含量达到1%时才开始显著下降。其中AZ61-1Cu具有最佳的综合力学性能,屈服强度、抗拉强度和延伸率分别为230 MPa、321 MPa和9.7%;当Cu含量为1.5%时,粗大的AlCuMg相割裂了合金基体,使合金力学性能下降。     

Effects of cold rolling on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe-Ni-Mn-Mo-Ti-Cr maraging steels

Effects of cold rolling on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe-Ni-Mn-Mo-Ti-Cr maraging steels were studied.To investigate the microstructure and mechanical properties,optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,tensile test,and hardness test were used.The results show that the solution-annealing treatment in the cold-rolled steel redounds to the formation of sub-microcrystalline Fe2(Mo,Ti) Laves phase particles,which are stable at high temperatures.These secondary Laves phase particles prevent from recrystallization at high temperatures and correspond to semi-brittle fracture in the subsequent aging treatment.