Enhancing effect of insulin on endotoxin lethality

Résumé Nous avons constaté que les souris traitées à l'insuline possèdent une sensibilité élevée à l'endotoxine de bactéries à gram négatif. Ce résultat concorde avec l'hypothèse d'une relation inverse entre la quantité de glucose dans le sang et la sensibilité d'un hôte à une grande variété de «Stressors».     

Lead potentiation of endotoxin lethality in rats: Lack of effect of kininase inhibition

Summary Although lead and SQ₂₀₈₈₁ are potent in vitro inhibitors of kininase II activity, SQ₂₀₈₈₁ does not alter the sensitivity of rats to endotoxin. These results indicate that marked changes in plasma kininase activity do not contribute to endotoxin morbility and that kininase inhibition is not the mechanism whereby lead ions sensitize rats to endotoxin.This investigation was supported by the Naval Medical Research and Development Command, NNMC, Department of the Navy, Research Task No. MR041.20.01.0435. The opinions and assertions contained herein are the private ones of the author, and are not to be construed as official or reflecting the views of the Navy Department or the naval service at large.The experiments reported herein were conducted according to the principles set forth in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, National Research Council, DHEW Pub. No. (NIH) 74-23.     

Influence of oral glucose feeding on endotoxin lethality in mice

Summary Prolonged feeding of physiological solutions of glucose (5%) by gavage did not protect against either endotoxin death or liver glycogen depletion in mice.Supported by grants from the INSERM (CL 76.5.001.4), the CNRS (03 7860) and the DGRST. Thanks are due to M. Philippe for technical assistance.Maitre de Recherche au CNRS, to whom all correspondance should be addressed.     

Lead potentiation of endotoxin lethality in rats: lack of effect of kininase inhibition.

Although lead and SQ20881 are potent in vitro inhibitors of kininase II activity, SQ20881 does not alter the sensitivity of rats to endotoxin. These results indicate that marked changes in plasma kininase activity do not contribute to endotoxin morbidity and that kininase inhibition is not the mechanism whereby lead ions sensitize rats to endotoxin.     

Lack of endotoxin effect on the microcirculation after pretreatment with detoxified endotoxin (endotoxoid)

Zusammenfassung Die Endotoxin-bedingten Störungen an der Mikrozirkulation — geprüft an der Hamsterbackentasche und dem Meerschweinchenmesenterium — bleiben aus, wenn den Tieren 24 h zuvor detoxifiziertes Endotoxin verabreicht wurde.     

Enhancing effect of heparin on aprotinin activity

Summary Preincubation of heparin with aprotinin enhanced the inhibitory effect of aprotinin on the esterolytic activity of trypsin, but did not change its effect on the proteolytic activity of trypsin or on the esterolytic and proteolytic activities of chymotrypsin.     

Modification of an endotoxin effect by esters

Zusammenfassung Immuntolerante Mäuse können durch Endotoxin in immunologisch reaktive Tiere verwandelt werden. Eine zu wiederholten Malen verabreichte Substanz (Äthylstearat) hemmt die Umwandlung.

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This work was supported by PHS Training Grant No. 5T1AI162-05.     

The effect of cyproheptadine on insulin biosynthesis

Summary The effect of a potent antiserotonin-antithistaminic compound, cyproheptadine (CPH) on insulin biosynthesis was studied in pancreatic islets isolated from CPH-treated rats. Though insulin content of islets was markedly reduced in CPH-treated rats, the incorporation of radiolabeled leucine into proinsulin and insulin fractions was not affected with respect to the rate and amount. It is concluded that CPH may deplete insulin content of the islets through causing the leakage of insulin.     

The effect of cyproheptadine on insulin biosynthesis

The effect of a potent antiserotonin-antihistaminic compound, cyproheptadine (CPH) on insulin biosynthesis was studied in pancreatic islets isolated from CPH-treated rats. Though insulin content of islets was markedly reduced in CPH-treated rats, the incorporation of radiolabeled leucine into proinsulin and insulin fractions was not affected with respect to the rate and amount. It is concluded that CPH may deplete insulin content of the islets through causing the leakage of insulin.     

The effect of endotoxin on membrane fatty acid composition in BCG-sensitized mice

The effects of endotoxin on mouse liver phospholipid fatty acid composition have been investigated. Administration of endotoxin from Salmonella abortus equi led to a decrease in the polyunsaturated fatty acid content of livers from mice sensitized with Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG). The content of arachidonic acid fell significantly in both the phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositol fractions whereas in the phosphatidylethanolamine fraction the linoleic acid content was significantly reduced. The polyunsaturated fatty acids were replaced by increased amounts of oleic acid and palmitic acid, leading to a reduction in the polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio.     

Protective effect of native levan on endotoxin toxicity in mice and rats

Summary High polymer levan administered to mice and rats before the injection of endotoxin partly protects the animals from the lethal effects of the LPS.This study summarizes a thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Medical Sciences in the School of Continuing Medical Education of the Tel-Aviv University Sackler Medical School.     

The effect of endotoxin on membrane fatty acid composition in BCG-sensitized mice

Summary The effects of endotoxin on mouse liver phospholipid fatty acid composition have been investigated. Administration of endotoxin fromSalmonella abortus equi led to a decrease in the polyunsaturated fatty acid content of livers from mice sensitized with Bacille Calmette Guérin (GCG). The content of arachidonic acid fell significantly in both the phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositol fractions whereas in the phosphatidylethanolamine fraction the linoleic acid content was significantly reduced. The polyunsaturated fatty acids were replaced by increased amounts of oleic acid and palmitic acid, leading to a reduction in the polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio.     

The effect of endotoxin on the lactic acid production in pregnant and non-pregnant rats

Zusammenfassung Die Milchsäureproduktion ist im Knochenmark und in den Leukozyten trächtiger Tiere infolge Endotoxineinwirkung signifikant höher als bei Kontrolltieren. Während sich die Milchsäureproduktion endotoxinbehandelter Plazenten infolge Dauerhemmung der aeroben Glykolyse völlig von allen untersuchten Geweben unterscheidet, bleibt der Sauerstoffverbrauch unverändert.     

Enhancing effect ofBordetella pertussis and propranolol on experimental immune hemolytic anemia

Résumé Un constituant deBordetella pertussis, et la drogue antagoniste, le propranolol-adrénergique, peuvent causer un renforcement semblable similaire de la sensibilité des souris à l'anémie hémolytique immune expérimentale. Il est connu que l'insuline se comporte de la même façon.

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This work was supported in part by Public Health Service Research Grant No. CC00223 from the National Communicable Disease Center through the Massachusetts Health Research Institute.