陆地棉基因转移技术研究初报

应用农杆菌菌株Ａｔ４４０４携带抗卡那霉素基因，Ｇｕｓ基因以有Ｂ．Ｔ毒基因，对陆地棉４个不同栽培品种鲁棉６号，鲁棉１０２４，中棉１２，中棉１９的无菌苗下胚轴和茎尖分生组织区作基因导入的研究，获得转基因的棉花试管苗；在以胚轴作为转化体系的增减过程中，只有钱棉６号经过了愈伤组织发生，胚状体形成及植株再生途径。     

玻璃粉创伤棉花茎尖分生组织遗传转化的研究

评估玻璃粉创伤棉胚茎尖分生组织的转化效率及初步建立其遗传转化体系。高速涡旋的玻璃粉创伤棉胚茎尖分生组织,利用农杆菌介导法将报告基因gusA导入棉花,GUS组织化学染色后观察棉胚转化情况,探讨不同转化条件对转化的影响。结果表明：0。2g玻璃粉创伤棉胚,茎尖分生组织的较多细胞被转化,成活12株幼苗,较适宜。涡旋90S转化条件下获得2株GUS阳性苗,涡旋时间越长茎尖分生组织创伤程度越严重,能提高转化效率,但成苗量降低。此外．转化效率受菌液浓度及菌种的影响,OD600为0．8的农杆菌LBA4404菌液侵染棉胚,较多细胞能表达gusA的活性且表达水平较高,而被农杆菌GV3101侵染后的棉胚染色效果较差。     

发根农杆菌对苦马豆转化及植株再生的初步研究

用发根农杆菌A4转化苦马豆子叶和下胚轴外植体，获得转化发根．将发根转移到MS无激素培养基上，发根能够持续生长，并于继代40天后自发形成不定芽．将不定芽转移到1／2MS无激素培养基，长出不定根，形成再生植株．再生植株表现出典型的发根综合症，初步判断再生植株为转化植株．     

玉米茎尖培养再生体系的建立

不同基因型的玉米茎尖分生组织在添加不同浓度6-BA(6-苄基嘌呤)的MS培养基上,经过4周愈伤组织诱导培养和4周芽发育培养,获得高频率的丛生芽和再生植株,芽尖倍增数可达3~8芽/茎尖.通过比较试验,确立了诱导丛生芽发生的适宜培养条件和程序,反映了不同基因型的茎尖形成愈伤组织和再生植株的能力不同,从而初步建立了利用玉米茎尖分生组织再生植株的培养体系.     

辣椒子叶和下胚轴离体培养再生

8个辣椒品种的子叶和下胚轴接种在附加不同激素的MS培养基上，经过芽诱导、芽伸长、生根、移栽入盆四个阶段，得到完整的再生植株。实验结果显示：6—8d的苗龄最佳，子叶的分化率高于下胚轴，培养基中添加AgNO3明显促进外植体的分化，GA3是芽伸长的关键因子，IBA的生根效果要好于无激素MS培养基．通过这一过程，建立起一个基于最佳激素组合的高效植株再生体系．     

利用基因枪法向高羊茅导入bar基因的研究

利用基因枪法,以bar基因转化高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)的下胚轴愈伤组织,对获得的再生植株进行的PCR检测和点杂交分析表明,外源bar基因片段已经整合至高羊茅基因组中.同时,对转基因植株进行的草丁膦涂抹实验发现,转基因植株对除草剂的耐性提高.     

雄性不育基因TA29-Barnase转化番茄的初步研究

以番茄无菌苗子叶切段为外植体,采用农杆菌介导法将雄性不育基因TA29-Barnase导入番茄品种中蔬5号,获得再生植株.经PCR检测,外源的TA29-Barnase基因已导入番茄细胞.     

转抗虫融合基因(cry1Ac3-cpti)玉米(Zeamays L.)植株的获得及其抗虫性分析

将苏云金杆菌家族中的cry1Ac3基因与豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂基因(cpti)融合成融合基因，构建cry1Ac3-cpti融合基因植物表达载体，表达Bt-CpTI抗虫融合蛋白．用基因枪转化技术将cry1Ac3-cpti融合基因分别导入玉米优良自交系E28及340的胚性愈伤组织中，轰击后的愈伤组织经筛选剂3次筛选，获得可育的再生植株．经PCR及Southernblot分子检测，证实所获得的再生植株为转基因植株．抗虫性分析结果表明，部分转基因玉米植株对玉米螟虫有较强的抗性．将苏云金杆菌家族中的cry1Ac3基因与豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂基因(cpti)融合成融合基因，构建cry1Ac3-cpti融合基因植物表达载体，表达Bt-CpTI抗虫融合蛋白．用基因枪转化技术将cry1Ac3-cpti融合基因分别导入玉米优良自交系E28及340的胚性愈伤组织中，轰击后的愈伤组织经筛选剂3次筛选，获得可育的再生植株．经PCR及Southernblot分子检测，证实所获得的再生植株为转基因植株．抗虫性分析结果表明，部分转基因玉米植株对玉米螟虫有较强的抗性．     

辣椒茎尖离体培养及植株再生

以4个辣椒品种茎尖为外植体，在MS 4mg／L BA 1mg／L IAA 4mg／L AgNO3培养基上诱导不定芽分化，在MS 2mg／L BA 0．1mg／L IAA，MS 0．5mg／L BA 0．1mg／L IAA诱导不定芽茎伸长．结果，平均不定芽诱导率达85％，平均不定芽茎伸长率可达110％，再生植株频率达75％左右．初步实验结果表明：与子叶及下胚轴培养相比，茎尖培养具有成苗率高、基因型不敏感、再生周期短等优势，是解决辣椒组织培养不定芽茎伸长困难，提高再生植株诱导频率的有效途径．     

根癌农杆菌介导大麦Mlo反义基因转化小麦

应用含有大麦Mlo反义基因表达载体的根癌农杆菌菌株Agl Ⅰ，对3种基因型小麦(核生3号、烟优361、扬麦158)的愈伤组织进行了转化．从其中2种基因型获得23株转基因植株，有2株是白化苗，转化频率分别为1．9％(核生3号)和2．8％(扬麦158)．PCR及Southem分析表明，外源基因已整合进植物基因组．实验结果表明，筛选压力的存在对转基因植株的获得至关重要，在无筛选压力下未获得转基因植株．7棵转基因植株移栽至大田后正常结实．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-