热型连铸工艺参数对铸锭表面质量的影响

热型连铸是一项近净成型（ｎｅａｒｎｅｔｓｈａｐｅ）技术,它将定向凝固技术和连铸技术相结合,用于生产表面呈镜面的无限长的线材．本研究利用自制的水平热型连铸设备,制备了表面呈镜面的纯铝线材,试验了各工艺参数（震动、坩埚内液面高度、铸型表面条件、铸型出口温度、连铸速度、冷却条件）对连铸线材表面质量的影响,分析后提出了优化工艺参数的范围．     

工艺因素对电渣感应连续定向凝固过程稳定性的影响

研究了工艺因素对电渣感应连续定向凝固过程稳定性的影响,结果指出固液界面位置是衡量其稳定性的一个重要指标,工艺因素通过它对稳定性产生影响,正锥度的结晶器 以及结晶器壁内的温度分布与温度梯度是下拉法连续定向凝固稳定进行的关键。     

逐步熔融凝固法工艺参数对金属基复合材料性能的影响

采用逐步熔融凝固法制备了ＷＣ－６５Ｍｎ复合材料,用扫描电子显微镜观察试样的微观形貌和组织结构,并用ＩＭＡＧＥ ＴＯＯＬ软件分析不同试样的扫描图像,定量测定增强相ＷＣ颗粒的分布状况,同时测量材料的抗弯强度和硬度。研究证明电源功率和模具下降速率对增强相ＷＣ颗粒的分布状况和力学性能有重要的影响。电源功率应在５．５￣７．５ｋＷ之间,模具下降速度为８￣１０ｍｍ／ｍｉｎ。     

热处理和冷变形对连续定向凝固Cu-Ag合金性能的影响

研究了连续定向凝固Cu-Ag合金铸态试样及其经过大变形冷加工后线材的微观组织和性能,分析了热处理和冷变形对连续定向凝固合金的强度和电导率的影响.经过大变形冷加工后,Cu-Ag合金具有致密的纤维组织结构,强度进一步增加,电导率略有下降.在低温热处理后,Cu-Ag合金强度增加,电导率得到恢复.高温热处理时,Cu-Ag合金强度和电导率都下降.     

工艺参数对碳纳米管定向薄膜生长的影响

为了生长出高质量的定向碳纳米管薄膜 ,研究了反应时间、反应温度等工艺参数对薄膜生长的影响。试验采用二甲苯为碳源 ,二茂铁为催化剂 ,在石英基底上催化裂解生长碳纳米管定向薄膜。通过扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)和透射电子显微镜 (TEM)观察表明 ,得到的薄膜是由定向性良好的多壁碳纳米管 (MWNTs)组成 ,管径为 2 0～ 5 0 nm。反应时间对定向生长的碳纳米管长度有决定性影响 ;随反应时间的增长 ,定向性更好。同时 ,较适合碳纳米管薄膜定向生长的反应温度区间为 10 5 3～ 1113K。而反应温度和反应时间对薄膜中碳纳米管的直径无明显影响。     

大直径单晶铜棒材的连续定向凝固制备

采用自制真空熔炼、氩气保护连续定向凝固设备成功制备出了大直径单晶纯铜棒材,研究了工艺参数对大直径连续定向凝固纯铜棒材凝固组织与表面质量的影响,分析测试了连续定向凝固大直径纯铜棒材的力学性能和电学性能.结果表明:在熔体温度1150～1180℃、结晶器出口温度750℃、冷却水量900 L·h-1、冷却距离50 mm以及拉坯速度9 mm·min-1时,可连续稳定地制备直径为φ16mm的表面光亮的单晶纯铜棒材.其抗拉强度128.52MPa,延伸率76.7%,导电率105.2%IACS,具有优良的力学性能和电学性能.     

脉冲电流频率对Al-Cu合金定向凝固组织演变的影响

采用自行设计的定向凝固装置进行Al-Cu合金定向凝固行为研究,研究Al-5%Cu合金在脉冲电流作用下微观组织的演变特征.结果发现:脉冲电流的导入明显改变了定向凝固的Al-Cu合金凝固组织形态,不同频率的脉冲电流具有不同的影响效果,在100Hz的小频率电流作用下,合金的定向凝固特征加强,枝晶结构不明显,但定向凝固形成的柱状晶半径加大,随着电流频率增大到200Hz,二次枝晶结构开始显现,组织呈现树枝状结构特征,当300Hz电流频率时,组织结构呈现排列整齐的的骨架结构,随着电流频率继续增加到400Hz时,组织变为细小的树枝状结构特征,组织整体比较细小,而且分布较均匀,在500Hz高频率电流作用下,组织又显得粗大,呈现向等轴晶转化趋势.     

真空熔炼、氩气保护连续定向凝固技术

阐述了真空熔炼、氩气保护下引法连续定向凝固工艺.该工艺将真空感应熔炼和连续定向凝固技术结合在一起,集熔化、提纯、凝固于一体,控制方便,搅拌、脱氧能力强,生产效率高,能生产纯净度高、性能好的定向凝固材料.对该工艺生产的纯铜棒材的质量进行了分析.     

电磁场对复杂黄铜凝固组织及性能的影响

通过对水平连铸黄铜棒添加电磁场后的铸态组织、密度、力学性能的研究,分析了电磁场对复杂黄铜铸造的影响.分别进行了普通水平连铸和加电磁场水平连铸试验,研究了电磁场作用下黄铜水平连铸铸坯的凝固组织、力学性能、物理性能等的变化,为黄铜的加电磁场水平连铸生产提供合理的电磁场设计、优化铸造工艺奠定一定基础.     

工艺参数对双相不锈钢瞬间液相连接组织结构和等温凝固的影响

采用3种非晶态镍合金作中间层,对双相不锈钢进行瞬间液相连接试验研究。试验结果表明:采用MBF-30作中间层在1 060℃和300 s进行连接时,等温凝固完成,连接中间区以γ-Ni相为主,BN出现在基体与中间层的界面处。但是,MBF-35作中间层在1 060℃和300 s进行连接时,等温凝固未能完成,连接中心部含有Ni3Si;采用MBF-50作中间层在1175℃和300 s进行连接时,BN和(Cr,Ni)3Si相出现在连接中间区,等温凝固仍未能完成(等温凝固完成时间大于14400 s),而采用溶质分布模型计算结果仅为71 s。微观结构及等温凝固的差异归因于在较高温度下存在Si,N和Cr等合金元素并在连接中心处富集。     

基于ANFIS方法的连续定向凝固BFe10-1-1合金的压缩流变应力模型

Silver in the form of AgNO3 was added to ZnO-based varistor ceramics prepared by the solid-state reaction method.The effects of AgNO3 on both the microstructure and electrical properties of the varistors were studied in detail.The optimum addition amount of AgNO3 in ZnO-based varistors was also determined.The mechanism for grain growth inhibition by silver doping was also proposed.The results indicate that the varistor threshold voltage increases substantially along with the AgNO3 content increasing from 0 to 1.5mol%.Also,the introduction of AgNO3 can depress the mean grain size of ZnO,which is mainly responsible for the threshold voltage.Furthermore,the addition of AgNO3 results in a slight decrease of donor density and a more severe fall in the density of interface states,which cause a decline in barrier height and an increase in the depletion layer.     

Effects of the deep rolling process on the surface roughness and properties of an Al-3vol%SiC nanoparticle nanocomposite fabricated by mechanical milling and hot extrusion

Deep rolling is one of the most widely used surface mechanical treatments among several methods used to generate compressive residual stress. This process is usually used for axisymmetric components and can lead to improvements of the surface quality, dimensional accuracy, and mechanical properties. In this study, we deduced the appropriate deep rolling parameters for Al-3vol%Si C nanocomposite samples using roughness and microhardness measurements. The nanocomposite samples were fabricated using a combination of mechanical milling, cold pressing, and hot extrusion techniques. Density measurements indicated acceptable densification of the samples, with no porosity. The results of tensile tests showed that the samples are sufficiently strong for the deep rolling process and also indicated near 50% improvement of tensile strength after incorporating Si C nanoparticle reinforcements. The effects of some important rolling parameters, including the penetration depth, rotation speed, feed rate, and the number of passes, on the surface quality and microhardness were also investigated. The results demonstrated that decreasing the feed rate and increasing the number of passes can lead to greater surface hardness and lower surface roughness.     

Interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V/Al7050 joints fabricated using the insert molding method

Ti-6Al-4V/Al7050 joints were fabricated by a method of insert molding and corresponding interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated. The interfacial thickness was sensitive to holding temperature during the first stage, and a good metallurgical bonding interface with a thickness of about 90 μm can be obtained at 750°C. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and thermodynamic analyses showed that the interface mainly contained intermetallic compound TiAl_3 and Al matrix. The joints featured good mechanical properties, i.e., shear strength of 154 MPa, tensile strength of 215 MPa, and compressive strength of 283 MPa, which are superior to those of joints fabricated by other methods. Coherent boundaries between Al/TiAl_3 and TiAl_3/Ti were confirmed to contribute to outstanding interfacial mechanical properties and also explained constant fracture occurrence in the Al matrix. Follow-up studies should focus on improving mechanical properties of the Al matrix by deformation and heat treatment.     

Effects of Sc and Zr microalloying on the microstructure and mechanical properties of high Cu content 7xxx Al alloy

The effects of Sc and Zr microalloying on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a 7 xxx Al alloy with high Cu content(7055) during casting, deformation, and heat treatment were investigated. The addition of Sc and Zr not only refined the grains but also transformed the θ-phase into the W-phase in the 7055 alloy. Minor Sc and Zr additions enhanced the hardness and yield strength of the 7055-T6 alloy by strengthening the grain boundaries and Al_3(Sc,Zr) precipitates. However, a further increase in the Sc and Zr fractions did not refine the grains but instead resulted in the formation of the large-sized W-phase and primary coarse Al_3(Sc,Zr) phase and subsequently deteriorated the mechanical properties of the alloys. The 7055 alloy with 0.25 Sc addition exhibited the best mechanical property among the prepared alloys.     

热处理工艺对NM600耐磨钢板组织性能的影响

为了提高NM600耐磨钢应用于恶劣工况下的耐磨性能,通过正交试验研究各热处理参数,包括淬火温度、淬火保温时间、回火温度、回火保温时间等,对于试验钢组织性能的影响。结果表明,回火温度是抗拉强度、屈服强度、冲击功、布氏硬度最主要的影响因素。随着回火温度升高,伸长率先小幅上升再缓慢下降,抗拉强度、屈服强度、冲击功和布氏硬度均呈下降趋势。试验钢热处理后的微观组织主要是板条马氏体、还有少量的残余奥氏体和碳化物。确定了最佳热处理工艺为:在860℃淬火保温30 min,200℃回火保温60 min。所获得的最优工艺性能为:抗拉强度1 956.2 MPa、屈服强度1 566.7 MPa、伸长率12.7%、-20℃冲击功19.2 J、布氏硬度576.5 HB。     

Effects of metal binder on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al2O3-based micro-nanocomposite ceramic tool material

The Al2O3?(W,Ti)C composites with Ni and Mo additions varying from 0vol% to 12vol% were prepared via hot pressing sintering under 30 MPa. The microstructure was investigated via X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). Mechanical properties such as flexural strength, fracture toughness, and Vickers hardness were also measured. Results show that the main phases A12O3 and (W,Ti)C were detected by XRD. Compound MoNi also existed in sintered nanocom-posites. The fracture modes of the nanocomposites were both intergranular and transgranular fractures. The plastic deformation of metal particles and crack bridging were the main toughening mechanisms. The maximum flexural strength and fracture toughness were obtained for 9vol% and 12vol% additions of Ni and Mo, respectively. The hardness of the composites reduced gradually with increasing content of metals Ni and Mo.     

微合金化对原位复合材料组织与性能的影响

利用熔体原位反应法制备了(Al2O3 Al3Zr)p/A356复合材料.研究了添加质量分数均为0.2%的Mn和Cr微合金元素对所制备的复合材料微观组织和室温力学性能的影响.SEM分析结果表明:添加微合金元素改善了(Al2O3 Al3Zr)p/A356复合材料的微观组织,原位Al3Zr颗粒和初生α相得到了有效细化,尺寸大部分为2～3 μm,增强颗粒均匀分布在A356基体中,颗粒呈球形或椭球形.室温拉伸试验结果表明,添加微合金元素对复合材料的力学性能有一定程度的改善,其抗拉强度σb,屈服强度σs和延伸率δ较添加前分别提高了13.9%,16.9%和10.6%,达到326.1MPa,252.2 MPa和5.2%.SEM拉伸断口形貌分析表明,其断裂属于塑性断裂.     

Influence of CO2 laser welding parameters on the microstructure, metallurgy, and mechanical properties of Mg-Al alloys

This study investigated the microstructural characteristics, metallurgy, microhardness, and tensile strength of AZ31 and AZ61 magnesium alloy weldments, fabricated in a CO₂ laser welding process with the adjustment of various parameters. The results show that the AZ31 weldment contains equiaxed grains within the fusion zone (FZ). By contrast, the FZ of the AZ61 weldment contains refined cellular grains and the partially melted zone (PMZ) contains bulk grains. We infer that the difference in aluminum content between the two magnesium alloys results in different supercooling rates and solid grain structures. For both weldments, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) decreases following the CO₂ laser welding process. However, no significant difference is noted between the UTS of the two weldments, suggesting that tensile strength is insensitive to the Al content of the magnesium alloy. The CO₂ laser welding process is shown to increase the microhardness of both magnesium alloys. Furthermore, grain refinement is responsible for the maximum hardness in the FZ of both weldments. The AZ61 weldment has a higher content of Al, resulting in a greater grain refinement.     

热处理工艺对Mg-RE-Zn-Zr系合金显微组织及力学性能的影响

通过气体保护制备了Mg-RE-Zn-Zr[RE-Ce-40La（wt％）的富铈稀土]合金,并对合金进行了热处理,测试了不同状态下合金的硬度、抗拉强度及伸长率等力学性能,采用光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪及扫描电镜对合金显微组织、拉伸断口进行了分析。结果发现,采用T6热处理工艺后,合金的晶粒尺寸明显细化,硬度、抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率显著提高,分别提高了11％,24％,7．3％和102％。