多脉冲激励线性预测编码算法研究

提出一种改进型的多脉冲激励线性预测语音编码算法,并将变阶线性预测技术应用于此算法.改进后的算法与原算法相比,降低了计算复杂度,且对激励脉冲位置的估计更加准确.仿真结果表明,该算法不仅提高了合成语音的质量,而且进一步降低了语音编码的速率.     

空天信息网络中基于滑动窗口的网络编码

空天信息网络由于受高延时、高误码的影响,吞吐量受限,如何提高网络吞吐量是一个很大的挑战.本文对提高网络吞吐量的网络编码技术和机会路由技术进行分析,重点研究了MORE协议和SlideOR协议中的网络编码机制,指出它们应用于空天中继网络中存在的不足,并将一种基于动态滑动窗口的网络编码方案(DSWNC)应用于空天信息网络中.仿真结果证明,此方案在高延时、高误码环境下具有比MORE协议和SlideOR协议更高的端到端吞吐量.     

Anticipation of moving stimuli by the retina

A flash of light evokes neural activity in the brain with a delay of 30-100 milliseconds, much of which is due to the slow process of visual transduction in photoreceptors. A moving object can cover a considerable distance in this time, and should therefore be seen noticeably behind its actual location. As this conflicts with everyday experience, it has been suggested that the visual cortex uses the delayed visual data from the eye to extrapolate the trajectory of a moving object, so that it is perceived at its actual location. Here we report that such anticipation of moving stimuli begins in the retina. A moving bar elicits a moving wave of spiking activity in the population of retinal ganglion cells. Rather than lagging behind the visual image, the population activity travels near the leading edge of the moving bar. This response is observed over a wide range of speeds and apparently compensates for the visual response latency. We show how this anticipation follows from known mechanisms of retinal processing.     

Dynamic coding of behaviourally relevant stimuli in parietal cortex.

A general function of cerebral cortex is to allow the flexible association of sensory stimuli with specific behaviours. Many neurons in parietal, prefrontal and motor cortical areas are activated both by particular movements and by sensory cues that trigger these movements, suggesting a role in linking sensation to action. For example, neurons in the lateral intraparietal area (LIP) encode both the location of visual stimuli and the direction of saccadic eye movements. LIP is not believed to encode non-spatial stimulus attributes such as colour. Here we investigated whether LIP would encode colour if colour was behaviourally linked to the eye movement. We trained monkeys to make an eye movement in one of two directions based alternately on the colour or location of a visual cue. When cue colour was relevant for directing eye movement, we found a substantial fraction of LIP neurons selective for cue colour. However, when cue location was relevant, colour selectivity was virtually absent in LIP. These results demonstrate that selectivity of cortical neurons can change as a function of the required behaviour.     

Zerotree wavelets coding algorithm by preferentially encoding the neighbor of significant coefficients

在EZW算法的基础上提出了一种优先编码重要系数的邻域的零树小波图像压缩算法.因为在较大阈值下重要的小波系数的邻域的系数在当前阈值下重要的概率很高,于是优先扫描这些系数,并且全部进行量化编码,即使这些系数不重要.实验表明,在相同压缩比下,该方法能显著提高主观视觉感受和PSNR.     

Population coding of saccadic eye movements by neurons in the superior colliculus

The deeper layers of the superior colliculus are involved in the initiation and execution of saccadic (high velocity) eye movements. A large population of coarsely tuned collicular neurons is active before each saccade. The mechanisms by which the signals that precisely control the direction and amplitude of a saccade are extracted from the activity of the population are unknown. It has been assumed that the exact trajectory of a saccade is determined by the activity of the entire population and that information is not extracted from only the most active cells in the population at a subsequent stage of neural processing. The trajectory of a saccade could be based on vector summation of the movement tendencies provided by each member of the population of active neurons or be determined by a weighted average of the vector contributions of each neuron in the active population. Here we present the results of experiments in which a small subset of the active population was reversibly deactivated with lidocaine. These results are consistent with the predictions of the latter population-averaging hypothesis and support the general idea that the direction, amplitude and velocity of saccadic eye movements are based on the responses of the entire population of cells active before a saccadic eye movement.     

解非线性极大极小问题的格雷码加速遗传算法

引进求解非线性极大极小问题的格雷码加速遗传算法（GAGA），给出GAGA算法实施的详细步骤，建立了GAGA相应的收敛定理。对GAGA的有效性和可行性进行了理论分析和实例分析。与一般的格雷码遗传算法（GGA）相比，GAGA具有准确、快速和适用性强等特点，是一种既可以较大概率搜索全局最优解，又能进行局部细致搜索的优秀非线性优化方法，可广泛应用于各种优化问题中。     

Long-range colour-generating interactions across the retina

The existence of colour-generating interactions across the corpus callosum has recently been suggested from observations with a 'split-brain' patient, thus indicating long-range colour computations at the cortical level. Observations on induced colours described here suggest long-range colour computations at the retinal level. If a white surface surrounded by a particular colour is fixated for some time, the resulting after-image has two colours: the surround appears in complementary colour, whereas the white centre takes on the colour of the surround. The question of whether such colour induction is located in the retina or more centrally was tested in a brain-injured patient with hemianopia. It could be demonstrated that areas of the visual field that are no longer represented in the geniculo-striatal pathway still contribute to colour induction, suggesting that colour induction is a retinal phenomenon.     

一种分类的小波零树与分形混合图像编码算法

通过分析小波零树编码和分形编码各自的优点与不足,结合自身的特点,提出一种基于分类的混合图像编码算法。该方法把图像分割后的块分为3类,对不同类型的块分别采用分形算法或零树编码的改进算法SPIHT算法编码;结果表明,与单独使用这两种算法相比,混合编码算法的重构图像质量有一定程度的提高。     

强夯加固的动态有限元法分析研究

在动态形函数的基础上,提出了强夯动力计算机的动态有限元单元法,建立和推导了相关的有限元公式。该方法克服了以往一般有限元法计算强夯动力问题是无法考虑加固土质振动特性等缺点,能较实际地反映强夯加固的动力特性。     

基于FPGA实现的深空通信中Turbo码编译码器

研究了信道纠错编码Turbo码,并提出了利用FPGA实现Turbo码编译码的方法$编码采用了顺序输入, 并行编码,顺序输出。译码选用Max-Log-MAP算法,针对该算法采用查表法实现交织,以提高交织速度,译码器 内部采用并行级联调用,以减小译码延时。通过计算机模拟仿真表明,所设计实现的Turbo码具有良好的性能和 实用价值。 关键词#深空通信%+,-./码%456$7/8$431算法%0123     

基于FPGA实现的深空通信中Turbo码编译码器

研究了信道纠错编码Turbo码，并提出了利用FPGA实现Turbo码编译码的方法。编码采用了顺序输入，并行编码，顺序输出。译码选用Max-Log-MAP算法，针对该算法采用查表法实现交织，以提高交织速度，译码器内部采用并行级联调用，以减小译码延时。通过计算机模拟仿真表明。所设计实现的Turbo码其有良好的性能和实用价值。