HPLC法同时测定不同产地龙血竭中3种黄酮类成分

为建立HPLC测定不同产地龙血竭中3种黄酮类成分的方法,选择了广西、云南产9个批次的龙血竭,测定了其中龙血素A、龙血素B、剑叶龙血素B的含量.采用Thermo BDS Hypersil C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相乙腈-1%冰醋酸,梯度洗脱,流速1.0 m L·min~(-1),柱温40℃,检测波长278 nm.3个药效成分在45min内达到基线分离,线性关系良好.9个批次龙血竭中龙血素A、龙血素B、剑叶龙血素B的平均含量分别为:0.47%,0.96%,0.44%;平均加样回收率分别为:99.6%,103.2%,100.5%;RSD分别为:1.20%,0.65%,1.30%.该实验方法操作简便,结果准确,重复性和稳定性良好,可为龙血竭的质量控制提供参考.     

HPLC法测定纳米龙血竭胶囊中龙血素A的含量和包裹率

目的:建立HPLC法测定纳米龙血竭胶囊中龙血素A的含量和包裹率.方法:在C18柱,甲醇-1%冰乙酸溶液(体积比66∶34)为流动相,检测波长280nm,柱温35°C条件下,HPLC测定样品.结果:龙血素A在0.22~7.78μg范围内有良好线性关系,r=0.997,方法回收率94.42%,RSD为1.94%.结论:此方法可用于测定自制纳米龙血竭胶囊中龙血素A含量和龙血竭的包裹率.     

剑叶龙血素B对辣椒素诱发大鼠背根神经节细胞VR1电流的抑制作用

使用全细胞膜片钳技术,在急性分离的大鼠背根神经节细胞上,观察了剑叶龙血素B(CB)对辣椒素(CAP)诱发电流和电压反应的影响.在-60 mV的钳制电压下,剑叶龙血素B快速、可逆地抑制了辣椒素诱发电流,并且该抑制呈浓度依赖性,半数抑制浓度(IC50)为0.92 mmol/L;在电流钳条件下,剑叶龙血素B抑制了辣椒素诱发的去极化.0.38 mmol/L的剑叶龙血索B产生的抑制率为38.6士1.9%,而0.76 mmol/L的剑叶龙血素B几乎全部抑制了辣椒素诱导的去极化.这些结果表明:剑叶龙血素B对CAP/VR1反应的抑制可能用来解释一些血竭的镇痛效应.     

一种新的评估龙血竭3种化学成分相互作用特性的分析方法

为了评估龙血竭的3种化学成分剑叶龙血素A、剑叶龙血素B和龙血素B在活体动物实验中的相互作用特性,从经典的Loewe Additivity模型中推导出了在效价强度比变化的情况下判断3种药物的相互作用性质的等效图分析方法,以此分析了龙血竭的上述3种化学成分联合抑制大鼠脊髓背角广动力范围(WDR)神经元诱发放电频率时的相互作用类型.结果表明:剑叶龙血素A与剑叶龙血素B在抑制WDR神经元诱发放电时具有拮抗作用,剑叶龙血素A、剑叶龙血素B、龙血素B的组合在抑制WDR神经元诱发放电时具有协同作用.这种等效图分析方法能直观精确地描述效价强度相异的药物的相互作用性质,为联合用药治疗评价提供了新的思路.     

龙血竭HPLC指纹图谱研究

为建立龙血竭指纹图谱质量控制方法,采用HPLC法测定,液相色谱仪Agilent 1100,色谱柱为Waters Xterra C184.6×250 mm,5μm;流动相为0.1%的磷酸溶液和乙腈梯度洗脱,流速为0.7 mL/min,检测波长为280 nm,理论板数按参照物(龙血素B)峰计算不低于6000.实验结果表明,10批成品指纹图谱与对照指纹图谱计算相似度,其结果均大于0.90.该方法稳定可行,可用于龙血竭质量控制.     

人工诱导龙血竭与野生龙血竭化学成分的比较研究

 对人工诱导龙血竭与野生龙血竭的化学成分进行比较研究,为人工诱导龙血竭是否能替代其野生龙血竭提供依据,解决龙血竭资源极其紧张的问题.采用HPLC法.选用Waters Nova-Pak C18色谱柱(φ3.9mm×150mm,5μm),检测波278nm,柱温40℃,进样量10μL,以乙腈-0.4%磷酸(体积比30:70)为流动相;流速1.0mL/min.结果: 龙血竭和人工诱导龙血竭均具有相对保留时间14.2,19.9min的2个共有峰,且HPLC峰形相似度较高.     

P-糖蛋白抑制剂维拉帕米对龙血素A、B、C在大鼠体内药物动力学影响

研究灌胃给予大鼠龙血竭后，P糖蛋白抑制剂维拉帕米对其有效成分龙血素A、B、C在大鼠血浆中的药物动力学影响.将SD大鼠随机分为对照组和抑制剂组并单次给药，对照组灌胃给予大鼠5 g/kg龙血竭，抑制剂组联合给予大鼠维拉帕米（1 mg/kg）和龙血竭（5 g/kg）.收集两组相同系列时间的血浆样本，采用HPLC-MS/MS的方法对龙血素A、B、C在大鼠血浆中的浓度测进行检测，求算两组血浆样本药物动力学参数.与对照组相比，抑制剂组大鼠龙血素A、B、C的血药浓度-时间曲线下面积分别增加109.4%，78.5%，22.8%，血药峰浓度分别增加69.6%，115.0%，42.1%，龙血素A、B的达峰时间均延长、龙血素C的达峰时间无变化，三者的生物半衰期（T_0.5）均变小，说明P糖蛋白抑制剂能够引起龙血素A、B、C在大鼠体内的血浆药物动力学参数变化，龙血素A、B、C均有可能为P糖蛋白的潜在底物.      

剑叶龙血素A衍生物的合成及其镇痛活性研究

以苯乙酮衍生物及2,6-二甲氧基苯甲醛为起始原料,经2步高效合成了20个剑叶龙血素A衍生物,其中12个为新化合物,化合物结构经~1H NMR,~(13)C NMR,IR及HRMS进行确证.在此基础上,以盐酸曲马多为阳性对照组,经扭体法实验对所合成的化合物进行镇痛活性研究,初步活性结果表明,化合物4d_1(8.33±1.45/次,13.00±4.16/次,8.67±3.71/次),5e(5.67±2.40/次,12.67±1.45/次,13.00±5.68/次)与阳性对照组(6.67±1.20/次)的活性相当.以龙血竭中剑叶龙血素A为母体,合成其衍生物并评价其镇痛活性,为进一步研究龙血竭镇痛活性提供了参考.     

龙血素B化学对照品研究

从中药龙血竭中提取、分离、纯化制备龙血素B,经UV、IR、NM R、M S和TLC、HPLC等方法测定结构和纯度。结果得到结构正确、纯度达到99%以上、符合中药化学对照品技术要求、可作为龙血素B的化学对照品。     

毛细管区带电泳技术研究龙血竭有效单体与核酸适配体及凝血酶之间的相互作用

利用毛细管区带电泳技术（CZE）研究5个龙血竭有效单体与牛凝血酶（B-Thr）、29碱基凝血酶核酸适配体（Apt29）之间的相互作用.电泳条件为有效长度是40 cm的非涂层石英毛细管,气压进样3.45 kPa,进样时间5 s,分离电压+15 kV,分离温度15℃,检测波长分别为214 nm（牛凝血酶体系）和330 nm（核酸适配体体系）.结果表明,龙血素A和B-Thr之间的结合常数K_b为4.73×104 L/mol,白藜芦醇、龙血素B、7,4'-二羟基黄酮、龙血素C与B-Thr没有显著结合;龙血素B和7,4'-二羟基黄酮与核酸适配体的结合常数K_b分别为1.98×104,1.83×104 L/mol,白藜芦醇、龙血素A、龙血素C与核酸适配体之间没有表现出明显的结合现象.本文结果对进一步研究龙血竭在凝血酶上的潜在结合位点,以及核酸适配体能否向凝血酶靶向转运龙血竭,提供了科学数据支持.      

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that