掺杂的Bi—Sr—Ca—Cu—O体系中的新超导相及其构成模型

用直接烧结—空气淬火工艺制备了掺 Pb+Sb 和掺 Pb+Cd 的 Bi—Sr—Ca—Cu—O超导陶瓷样品.x—射线衍射分析和电磁测量发现有3种新超导相,其结构为正交结构,晶胞参数 a,b 相同,分别为5.41和5.44,而 c 分别为40.64,33.60及27.90.用多层模型解释了各相的形成结构并推出各相的组成为 Bi_2Sr_2Ca_(m/2-1)-Cu_(m/2)Oy(m=2,3,4,5,6,7,8).发现当 m=6时,Tc 最高,说明 Bi—O 层对高温超导电性也有重要影响.     

零电阻温度为110K的Bi-Sr-Pb-Ca-Cu-O超导材料的制备与研究

采用固相反应法制备含Pb的Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O新体系超导块材,超导电性与热处理工艺密切关联。在液氮温区以上体系存在Tc为110K和85K两个超导相。寻求最佳工艺条件可获得稳定性较好的零电阻温度为110K的块状样品。     

Sm—Ba—Cu—O和Eu—Ba—Cu—O体系的高温超导电性研究

报道了采用固态反应方法制备Sm-Ba-Cu-O和Eu-Ba-Cu-O体系超导体块状样品的工艺、高温超导电性测量、X射线粉末衍射和扫描电镜分析的研究结果。     

Y—Ba—Cu—O系超导体的潮解特性

本文研究了Y—Ba—Cu—O系超导体的潮解特性。在湿热的条件下,Y—Ba—Cu—O系超导体会与空气中的水蒸汽发生反应,逐渐失去原有的超导电性。由扫描电镜和X射线衍射分析表明,此种体系超导体在湖解前为两相(简单正交相和体心四方相)化合物,经潮解后生成BaCO_3、CuO和Y(OH)_3等物质。     

掺银对BiPbSrCaCuO超导电性的影响

本文研究 Ag 对 BiPbSrCaCuO(2223相)超导电性的影响。详细讨论了 Ag 含量与超导转变温度 Tc、钉扎力 Fp、临界电流密度 Jc 之间的关系,提出掺 Ag 并不能明显改善 BiPbSrCaCuO 的超导电性的观点。     

Y-Ba-Cu-O系统半导体-金属(超导体)相转变和超导电性

本文研究不同组分及烧结条件下的Y-Ba-Cu-O系统的高Tc超导电性。结果表明,随着制备条件不同,该系统经历了半导体-半金属-金属(超导体)的相转变。     

掺Si对Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O体材料的超导电性和微结构的影响

自从Maeda等人发现Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O材料的超导电性以来,Bi系体材料和薄膜材料的研究已取得了重大的进展。为了实际应用的需要,直接在Si或SiO_2衬底上制备Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O膜是很必要的,因此需要知道Si对Bi系材料超导电性的影响。本文报道了掺Si对Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O体材料的超导电性的影响的初步研究结果。     

Bi_(1.6)Pb_(0.4)Sr_2Ca_2Cu_3O_y超导体的DSC研究

新型高T_c氧化物超导体Bi—Sr—Ca—Cu—O系,在100K以上呈现超导性,存在高T_c(～110K)相和低T_c(～80K)相,其零电阻转变温度(T_(c0))总是低于85K.适当掺Pb可以增强高T_c相,抑制低T_c相,降低烧结温度,提高零电阻转变温度.用固相反应法制得组分为Bi_(1.6)Pb_(0.4)Sr_2Ca_2Cu_3O_y的超导体,零电阻温度为107K,稳定性较好。现以此样品作示差扫描量热(DSC)分析,并配合XRD分析,试图了解该体系的结构相变及其与超导电性的关系.     

YBa2Cu3Ox超导体中Cl取代O的研究

分别以ＢａＣｌ２和ＣｕＣｌ２为配方试剂之一，制备得到掺Ｃｌ的超导体ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３ＯｘＣｌｙ（ｙ＝０．２，０．４）。通过对比观测发现，掺Ｃｌ的ＹＢＣＯ超导体样品其Ｔｃ下降，超导转变温区变宽，晶胞参数发生变化，Ｃｌ进入１２３相晶格，文中还讨论了掺Ｃｌ对超导电性的影响。     

Bi系高温超导氧化物中掺杂(Pb、Sb、Eu)的研究

采用空气中固态反应的方法制备了一系列掺 Pb、Sb、Eu的 Bi系高温超导氧化物 .对这些样品进行了超导性能的测量 ,X射线衍射 ( XRD)分析以及扫描电镜 ( SEM)的形貌观察 ,发现 Pb、Sb的掺杂对 Bi系材料超导相 2 2 1 2相、2 2 2 3相的形成有明显的促进作用 ,而 Eu的掺杂只有利于 2 2 1 2相的形成却不利于 2 2 1 2相向 2 2 2 3相的转变 .在掺 Eu的样品中发现有Ca2 Cu O3 存在 .对 Bi系材料中调制结构的形成机制给予了定性解释     

Bi—Sr—Ca—Cu—O系超导电性的探讨

用固态反应法制备不含稀土元类的BiSrCaCu_2Oy陶瓷高温超导体。该系统可能存在多个高温超导相,不同工艺可改变各超导相成份;150K附近可能有一更高温超导相。     

107K的Bi—Sr—Ca—Cu氧化物超导体的研究

在Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O系统中加入适量的铅,并采用适当的工艺条件,制备出了零电阻温度T_co为107K的高温超导体.讨论了铅含量和烧结条件对该超导体性能的影响.     

Crystallization of charge holes in the spin ladder of Sr14Cu24O41

Determining the nature of the electronic phases that compete with superconductivity in high-transition-temperature (high-T(c)) superconductors is one of the deepest problems in condensed matter physics. One candidate is the 'stripe' phase, in which the charge carriers (holes) condense into rivers of charge that separate regions of antiferromagnetism. A related but lesser known system is the 'spin ladder', which consists of two coupled chains of magnetic ions forming an array of rungs. A doped ladder can be thought of as a high-T(c) material with lower dimensionality, and has been predicted to exhibit both superconductivity and an insulating 'hole crystal' phase in which the carriers are localized through many-body interactions. The competition between the two resembles that believed to operate between stripes and superconductivity in high-T(c) materials. Here we report the existence of a hole crystal in the doped spin ladder of Sr14Cu24O41 using a resonant X-ray scattering technique. This phase exists without a detectable distortion in the structural lattice, indicating that it arises from many-body electronic effects. Our measurements confirm theoretical predictions, and support the picture that proximity to charge ordered states is a general property of superconductivity in copper oxides.     

Superconductivity on the border of itinerant-electron ferromagnetism in UGe2

The absence of simple examples of superconductivity adjoining itinerant-electron ferromagnetism in the phase diagram has for many years cast doubt on the validity of conventional models of magnetically mediated superconductivity. On closer examination, however, very few systems have been studied in the extreme conditions of purity, proximity to the ferromagnetic state and very low temperatures required to test the theory definitively. Here we report the observation of superconductivity on the border of ferromagnetism in a pure system, UGe2, which is known to be qualitatively similar to the classic d-electron ferromagnets. The superconductivity that we observe below 1 K, in a limited pressure range on the border of ferromagnetism, seems to arise from the same electrons that produce band magnetism. In this case, superconductivity is most naturally understood in terms of magnetic as opposed to lattice interactions, and by a spin-triplet rather than the spin-singlet pairing normally associated with nearly antiferromagnetic metals.     

Hidden magnetism and quantum criticality in the heavy fermion superconductor CeRhIn5

With only a few exceptions that are well understood, conventional superconductivity does not coexist with long-range magnetic order (for example, ref. 1). Unconventional superconductivity, on the other hand, develops near a phase boundary separating magnetically ordered and magnetically disordered phases. A maximum in the superconducting transition temperature T(c) develops where this boundary extrapolates to zero Kelvin, suggesting that fluctuations associated with this magnetic quantum-critical point are essential for unconventional superconductivity. Invariably, though, unconventional superconductivity masks the magnetic phase boundary when T < T(c), preventing proof of a magnetic quantum-critical point. Here we report specific-heat measurements of the pressure-tuned unconventional superconductor CeRhIn5 in which we find a line of quantum-phase transitions induced inside the superconducting state by an applied magnetic field. This quantum-critical line separates a phase of coexisting antiferromagnetism and superconductivity from a purely unconventional superconducting phase, and terminates at a quantum tetracritical point where the magnetic field completely suppresses superconductivity. The T --> 0 K magnetic field-pressure phase diagram of CeRhIn5 is well described with a theoretical model developed to explain field-induced magnetism in the high-T(c) copper oxides, but in which a clear delineation of quantum-phase boundaries has not been possible. These experiments establish a common relationship among hidden magnetism, quantum criticality and unconventional superconductivity in copper oxides and heavy-electron systems such as CeRhIn5.     

一类流体超导系统的渐近稳定性

用无穷维动力系统的方法研究了一类流体超导系统的长时间行为.在齐次边界条件与非齐次边界条件下证明了系统在其不变流形上的全局吸引子为系统在该不变流形内的唯一平衡点,从而得到了该系统的渐近稳定性.     

Coexistence of superconductivity and ferromagnetism in the d-band metal ZrZn2.

It has generally been believed that, within the context of the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory of superconductivity, the conduction electrons in a metal cannot be both ferromagnetically ordered and superconducting. Even when the superconductivity has been interpreted as arising from magnetic mediation of the paired electrons, it was thought that the superconducting state occurs in the paramagnetic phase. Here we report the observation of superconductivity in the ferromagnetically ordered phase of the d-electron compound ZrZn2. The specific heat anomaly associated with the superconducting transition in this material appears to be absent, and the superconducting state is very sensitive to defects, occurring only in very pure samples. Under hydrostatic pressure superconductivity and ferromagnetism disappear at the same pressure, so the ferromagnetic state appears to be a prerequisite for superconductivity. When combined with the recent observation of superconductivity in UGe2 (ref. 4), our results suggest that metallic ferromagnets may universally become superconducting when the magnetization is small.     

(BiPbSn)SrCaCuO超导体的制备工艺研究及物性分析

研究在制得106K(BiPb)SrCaCuO高温超导体的基础上再进行的Sn替代Bi的研究。实验表明热处理工艺对其超导电性影响很大,由于Sn的替代破坏了Bi系中原有的高温超导相。