牛肉绦虫病一例

牛肉绦虫病为一世界性寄生虫病,以亚洲和非洲较多见,亦是我国主要人体寄生绦虫之一,发现早在公元前167年在我国湖北江陵古尸内就有人体绦虫的寄生。现在,在新疆、内蒙、西藏、四川、广西、贵州等地均有流行。虽然,无论男女老幼皆能受牛肉绦虫感染,但在流行地区患者以青壮年为多,一般男性稍多于女性。众所周知,人是唯一终末宿主。牛如吞食其孕节片或成熟的虫卵,卵内六钩蚴逸出,经血循环至横纹肌肉中约60～     

猪肉绦虫卵内的六钩蚴首次体外孵出

<正> 对寄生于人和动物体内绦虫卵内六钩蚴的孵出问题,许多学者进行了研究。1954年 S_1lyerman 报告了牛肉绦虫的74%的六钩蚴可使其活动。1960年 Jones 等介绍了水泡绦虫的卿出。1962年 Berntzen 和 Voge 作了短膜壳绦虫和 Citelli 膜壳绦虫在体外的孵出。1965年 Be-rntzen 和 Voge 叙述了四种膜壳绦虫的六钩蚴对孵出的需要,并且注意到膜壳属的四种绦虫的每一种对体外孵出的需要有着轻微的不同。1963年 Smyth 提出了对于卵膜破裂和六钩蚴的     

披针新月蕨的配子体发育及卵发生

采用显微观察技术对披针新月蕨（Pronephrium penangianum）的配子体发育和卵发生进行了研究.结果表明：披针新月蕨孢子褐色，二面型，接种后约12 d，孢子萌发，经丝状体和片状体阶段，发育成原叶体，孢子萌发是书带蕨型（Vittaria-type），原叶体发育是槲蕨型（Drynaria-type），成熟原叶体是心形，接种46 d后产生颈卵器和精子器.披针新月蕨的颈卵器起源于原叶体生长点下方的原始细胞.原始细胞经过2次不等分裂，形成3个细胞，分别是顶细胞、初生细胞和基细胞.其中，初生细胞不等分裂，形成中央细胞和颈沟细胞.随后，中央细胞不等分裂形成腹沟细胞和卵细胞.随着卵细胞成熟，颈沟细胞和腹沟细胞逐渐退化，但腹沟细胞通过孔区与卵细胞相连.卵细胞成熟后，细胞上表面具有明显的卵膜，中央具有受精孔.本研究对于完善蕨类植物生殖生物学和探讨蕨类植物的演化具有重要意义.     

副小体膜壳绦虫Hymenolepis paramicrosoma Gasowaka的生活史研究(膜壳科)

本文首次报告我国家鸭的副小体膜壳绦虫(Hymenolepis paramicrosoma Gasowaka,1913)的生活史。实验阐明福建厦门地区的广布中剑水蚤(Mesocyclops leuckarti)和等形小剑水蚤(Microcyclops M.subaeqnalis)为本虫的中间宿主,二者均是中间宿主新记录。在室温23—26℃的条件下,剑水蚤自感染虫卵后发育为拟囊尾蚴期需时7天,但达到成熟的拟囊尾蚴则需11天,幼虫在中间宿主体内的全程发育要经过六钩蚴期、原腔期、囊腔期、头结形成期和拟囊尾蚴期等五个阶段的发育。小鸭感染拟囊尾蚴后需要经过15天才可发育达到性成熟的成虫。     

日本棘叶绦虫生活史早期发育阶段的观察

选择寄生于刺鲳中的日本棘叶绦虫(Echinophallus ja ponicus)(假叶目；棘叶科)作为研究对象，对其生活史早期发育阶段进行了观察。通过对成虫子宫中虫卵及体外培养虫卵的观察发现．其虫卵为完全卵裂、胚胎发育的主要过程在子宫外完成，为体外发育．     

蕨雌性生殖器官发育的初步研究

以蕨为实验材料，利用电子显微镜研究颈卵器的发育过程，报道了颈卵器发育过程中各种细胞的超微结构变化，蕨孢子接种后，约28d颈卵器表面原始细胞发生，并很快形成中央细胞，中央细胞分裂形成初生腹细胞和初生沟细胞，初生腹细胞进一步分裂形成卵细胞和腹沟细胞，卵细胞进一步发育，以卵细胞的细胞壁的增厚为标志，颈卵器发育成熟，颈卵器颈部顶端细胞打开，成熟的卵细胞准备受精。     

褐圆蚧纯黄蚜小蜂的胚胎发育和胚后发育

为深入了解褐圆蚧纯黄蚜小蜂（Aphytis holoxanthus DeBach）个体生长发育状况，采用跟踪观察，应用透射光和直射光拍摄，描述了该蜂的胚胎发育和胚后发育过程。结果表明：在温度（25±1） ℃、相对湿度70%±5%条件下，纯黄蚜小蜂卵期2~3 d。产卵后0~8 h为卵裂和胚盘形成阶段；16~18 h后，形成胚带和胚膜；50~52 h后，胚胎雏形形成；54 h后，胚胎形成，卵壳表面出现裂缝，卵壳从卵端部开始脱至卵柄，1~2 min完成孵化。纯黄蚜小蜂幼虫期约为7 d，蛹期7~8 d，预蛹浅黄色，老熟蛹复眼浅灰色，胸部腹板和腹部腹板大部分暗褐色。     

红盖鳞毛蕨配子体的发育

采用MS培养基培养红盖鳞毛蕨Dryopteris erythrosora(Eaton)O.Ktze.孢子,用光学显微镜观察记录其孢子萌发、配子体发育及幼孢子体形成的全过程。结果表明:成熟的孢子深褐色,不透明,极面观圆球形,赤道面观豆形,单裂缝,具周壁。孢子播种后7 d左右萌发,萌发类型为书带蕨型;原叶体发育类型为三叉蕨型。播种后15 d左右有片状体形成;30 d左右有幼原叶体形成;幼原叶体暂不对称,成熟原叶体为对称的心脏型。原叶体边缘及背腹面都具毛状体,单细胞。播种后45 d左右开始有性器官出现,精子器近圆球形,由3个细胞构成,成熟颈卵器颈部由4列细胞构成。原叶体受精后1月内可见幼胚生成。     

厦门海水鱼五种锥吻绦虫（包括一新种）记述

寄生于海水鱼类体内锥吻目绦虫有犁头鳐尼柏绦虫新种、达氏尼柏绦虫、等齿四吻绦虫、多氏古历罗绦虫（幼虫）和林氏耳槽绦虫（胚囊蚴）五种，后四种为宿主新记录。     

武夷山鸟类绦虫一新种及一新记录

１９９３年４－６月，作者到武夷山采集鸟类绦虫标本，共采到７种绦虫，其中１新种－八哥美氏绦虫（Ｍａｙｈｅｗｉａ ａｃｒｉｄｏｔｈｅｒｉｓ ｎ．ｓｐ．）、１种国内新记录－大钩饰圈绦虫。另有中华萎吻绦虫的一个新宿主记录－白脊令和少燕角绦虫的新缩主家燕。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with