原子簇Ni4-mComB(m=0-3)的结构和性质DFT研究

根据非晶态合金的结构特点,选择系列原子簇模型Ni4-mComB(m=0-3)对Ni_Co_B非晶态合金用DFT方法进行高水平的量子化学计算,结果表明,在Ni_Co_B非晶态合金中,Co_B键强于Ni_B键,Co原子的引入及Co含量的变化对镍原子的电子结构有调变作用.     

Co-Fe-B非晶态合金成键及电子性质的DFT研究

利用密度泛函理论(DFT),通过团簇Co2FeB2,CoFe2B2的优化和计算,研究Co-Fe-B非晶态合金成键及电子性质.结果表明:团簇Co2FeB2(富Co)中主要的电子流向为B→Co,B→Fe,而团簇CoFe2B2(富Fe)电子流向多样化,这导致富Co合金中键级比例分布不均匀,而富Fe合金中键级比例相对均匀;另外,金属与B原子成键对合金稳定性的贡献最大,而两种团簇的M(max)-B与Co-Fe键协同作用相反:富Co团簇中Co-B与Co-Fe成键强度同增同长,而富Fe团簇中Fe-B与Co-Fe成键强度相互抑制.以上结论在一定程度上解释了富Co合金热稳定性差的现象.另外,B原子使富Fe团簇空间结构、成键以及电子流动方向更加复杂,使合金非晶态化增加.Co-Fe-B非晶态合金中存在B原子之间近距离接触,希望此结论不久后得到实验验证.     

原子簇Ni1-mComB2和Ni2-nConB2结构的理论研究

根据非晶态结构的短程有序,Ni,Co和B之间是较强的化学作用以及存在B-B直接相连的实验事实,利用原子簇模型Ni1-mComB2(m=0,1)和Ni2-nConB2(n=0,1,2)对Ni-B,Co-B,Ni-Co-B非晶态合金用DFT方法进行高水平的量子化学计算.结果表明,模型体系Ni1-mComB2和Ni2-nConB2中,B原子供给Ni原子、Co原子电子,这与非晶态合金的实验结果一致.     

原子簇Ni1-mComB2和Ni2-nConB2结构的理论研究

根据非晶态结构的短程有序,Ni,Co和B之间是较强的化学作用以及存在B-B直接相连的实验事实,利用原子簇模型Ni1-mComB2(m=0,1)和Ni2-nConB2(n=0,1,2)对Ni-B,Co-B,Ni-Co-B非晶态合金用DFT方法进行高水平的量子化学计算.结果表明,模型体系Ni1-mComB2和Ni2-nConB2中,B原子供给Ni原子、Co原子电子,这与非晶态合金的实验结果一致.     

非晶态合金(Fe_(100-x)M_x)_(83)B_(17)和Zr_(100-x)M_x的杨氏模量

用超声波脉冲透射技术获得了三元非晶态合金(Fe_(100-x)M_x)_(83)B_(17)和二元非晶态合金Zr_(100-x)M_x的声速,并确定了它们的杨氏模量。对于前者合金元素M指Cr,Mo,W,Zr和Co;对于后者指Fe,Ni和Co。文中讨论了声速与组分的原子百分数含量x之间的关系,并讨论了近程有序,合金元素密度以及不同尺寸原子之间的随机堆砌引起的致密化等对声速的影响。     

Co对Nd-Fe基非晶合金玻璃形成能力及磁性能的影响

为研究Co元素的添加对Nd-Fe基非晶玻璃形成能力及磁性能的影响,利用铜模冷却法成功制备直径为5mm的棒状Nd60FexCo30-xAl10(原子百分比)大块非晶态合金,X射线衍射(XRD)检验,当Co含量为25%时,Nd60Fe5Co25Al10合金为完全非晶态,其余成分均有不同程度的晶化.对样品进行差示扫描量热分析(DSC)考查样品的热稳定性,结果显示:Co含量减少,晶化发生的温度有所降低.最后利用VSM磁性能测量设备,对上述成分的非晶合金进行磁性能测试,结果显示:相对于矫顽力而言,剩磁随Co含量的变化呈现出近似线性关系,随着Co含量的增加不断下降.     

Co助剂对Ni-B非晶态催化剂微观结构和加氢性能的影响

通过化学还原法制备了一系列Ni-B非晶态合金催化剂,研究了n(KBH4)/n(Ni)和Co含量对Ni-B非晶态合金催化剂微观结构及其催化二硝基甲苯(DNT)合成甲苯二胺(TDA)性能的影响。通过XRD和H2-TPD技术对催化剂微观结构表征表明,随着n(KBH4)/n(Ni)的增大,NiB2含量增多,催化剂的加氢性能先增大后减小;当n(KBH4)/n(Ni)=4时,Ni-B非晶态合金的催化加氢性能最优。Co助剂的引入增大了Ni-B非晶态合金的无序程度,降低了Ni活性中心对H2的吸附强度,使得H2物种更容易在催化剂表面流动并参加反应,进一步增大了Ni-B催化DNT加氢合成TDA的活性和选择性。当Co的摩尔分数为6%时,Ni-Co-B非晶态合金催化剂的性能最优,DNT转化率为96.8%,TDA的选择性达100%。     

铁磁金属合金中的内磁场和磁矩

本文研究了若干晶态和非晶态铁磁金属合金中Fe原子的内磁场和磁矩,认为这些合金中存在两种不同的机制。类金属原子的键合效应和过渡金属原子的电子转移效应,它们导致Fe原子内磁场和磁矩明显降低。所得结果表明,虽然铁磁金属合金中Fe原子的内磁场和磁矩具有同样的变化趋势,但在一般情况下,两者之间不一定存在某种简单的正比关系或线性关系。     

非晶态合金形成过程尺寸效应、合金化效应的模拟

用quantum Sutton-Chen 多体势对Ag₆Cu₄和CuNi液态金属凝固过程进行了分子动力学模拟研究, 在冷却速率为2×10¹² K/s时, 通过键型分析, 证实CuNi形成fcc晶体结构, 而Ag₆Cu₄则形成了非晶态结构. 其原因在于AgCu中原子半径之比(为1.130)较CuNi中原子半径之比(为1.025)大, 显示出原子的尺寸差别的确是非晶态合金形成的一个主要影响因素. 而对Ag_xCu_1-x在冷却速率为2×10¹² K/s凝固过程的模拟, 发现对应于二元相图深共晶成分处, 最容易得到非晶态合金, 证实了合金化效应对非晶态合金的形成倾向和稳定性的关键作用. 此外,采用键型指数法和原子成团类型指数法对微观结构组态变化的分析, 不仅能说明二十面体结构在非晶态合金形成和稳定性中所起的关键作用, 且有助于对液态金属的凝固过程、非晶态结构特征的进一步理解.     

Co基非晶的形成和晶化

非晶态合金是一类介于晶态和无定型物质之间的特殊材料,在结构上表现为短程有序而长程无序。非晶态合金是新型功能材料研究的热点之一。采用从熔体直接快淬的方法可以生产出一系列非晶态金属材料。由于非晶合金在微观结构上呈现高度无序的玻璃态,因此具有许多不同于普通金属的性能。本文主要研究了Co基非晶态合金的形成和晶化。通过改变甩带速率,考察了冷却速率与非晶形成的关系。对淬态的Co69Fe4.5 Cu1.5Si10B15合金进行了不同温度的真空热处理,并对样品结构进行了分析,得出随退火温度的升高晶粒逐渐长大的结论。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~     

Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has