大曲中红曲霉的简易分离方法

本文采用无菌过滤收集大曲中红曲霉孢子悬液和基内接种技术,运用稀释平板法,实现了从大曲中简易分离红曲霉,文章介绍了红曲霉的生物学特征,阐述了从大曲中分离红曲霉的原理、分离培养基的设计与制作、大曲中红曲霉分离纯化的技术方法及过程,为获取红曲霉纯菌及红曲生产爱好者提供参考。     

cAMP在红曲霉蓝光诱导途径中的作用

蓝光可以调控红曲霉次生代谢以及孢子生殖,但具体调控机理还未知.为研究腺苷-3',5'-环化一磷酸(cAMP)在蓝光调控红曲霉产孢及桔霉素代谢的作用,在接种红曲霉MX1的YES发酵培养基中添加可诱导红曲霉细胞内cAMP生成的氨茶碱,观察桔霉素产量及红曲霉产孢变化.结果表明,当培养基中氨茶碱浓度为10 mmol/L时,桔霉素产量和分生孢子数分别提高了1.90倍和2.97倍.培养基中氨茶碱浓度为15 mmol/L时,红曲霉子囊孢子数提高了2.84倍,这与蓝光对红曲霉次生代谢及孢子产生调控结果一致.推测蓝光可能是通过cAMP信号途径对红曲霉的产孢及桔霉素进行代谢调控的.     

汾酒大曲中红曲霉的分离和鉴定

对汾酒大曲中的红心曲、后火曲、清茬曲等样品中的红曲霉进行了分离鉴定.从后火曲和红心曲中分别分离到两株红曲霉,编号为N1和N2,经培养特征观察、个体形态特征观察,以及生物学特性分析和生理生化试验等,将两株红曲霉初步鉴定为红曲霉属(Monascus)中的红色红曲霉(Monascus ruber).     

红曲霉界面生长动力学模型的建立

采用界面培养系统,模拟红曲霉固态发酵过程。将红曲霉发酵过程分为快速期,减速期和衰退期,进而建立了界面上红曲霉生长的动力学模型。模型较好地吻合了界面上红曲霉生长的动力学曲线,反映了红曲霉固态发酵过程中微环境下的生长过程。     

红曲霉的有效生理活性物质及应用

红曲霉(Monascus)以其能产生大量天然红曲色素而著称。近年来,由于合成色素的安全性受到挑战,天然色素日益受到重视,特别是具有保健功能的红曲色素更受到消费者的青睐。红曲是以大米为原料,经红曲霉繁殖发酵而成的一种红色米曲。红曲的药用价值虽然在《本草纲目》等早有记载,作为改善血液循环的保健品在我国一直应用到现在,但是长期以来并没有引起人们的重视。1979年日本远藤章从红色红曲霉(M.ruber)中分离出一种命名为MonacolinK的活性物质后,红曲霉的生理活性物质才引起人们的重视。1红曲霉属的分类、培养特征和重要种1.1红曲霉…     

高产γ-氨基丁酸的红曲霉菌株筛选及发酵条件优化

从实验室保藏的11种红曲霉中,筛选出高产γ-氨基丁酸的红曲霉CH-1菌株.研究了发酵温度、时间、接种量、谷氨酸钠添加量等发酵条件对红曲霉CH-1产GABA含量的影响.经单因素实验及正交试验后得出红曲霉CH-1发酵大米产γ-氨基丁酸的较佳发酵条件为：发酵温度30℃,发酵时间9 d,接种量17%,谷氨酸钠添加量0.10 g,在此条件下,红曲霉CH-1发酵大米产GABA为1.93 mg/g,经高效液相色谱检测,桔霉素含量为0.01μg/g,低于国家标准1μg/g,可利用该产品开发更多形式的红曲食品.     

PVA固定化红曲霉发酵生产红曲色素的研究

进行了采用聚乙烯醇固定化红曲霉细胞和游离红曲霉细胞发酵发生红曲色素的比较研究。实验结果表明：采用聚乙烯醇为载体固定化细胞颗粒机械强度高,产色素高,尤其通过添加话性碳解除产物抑制作用后。     

胶体几丁质诱导红曲霉产几丁质酶的研究

本文采用胶体几丁质为底物,研究了红曲霉液态发酵产几丁质酶.研究结果表明:胶体几丁质的添加能有效诱导红曲霉合成几丁质酶.在培养基中添加0.8%(W/V)胶体几丁质的同时,添加0.4%(W/V)葡萄糖,有利于红曲霉的生长以及几丁质酶的合成,发酵48h几丁质酶活力达到最高的0.3504U/mL.     

红曲霉固态发酵产生降脂物质的研究

以激光诱变红曲霉(Monascus)菌株,获突变株T-0013.研究其产洛伐他汀类物质的最佳固体发酵工艺条件,研究结果表明:T-0013菌株用大米作为基本培养基,添加氮源D和微量元素C组合,培养基初始为pH5.0,含水量控制50%,采用28℃培养,洛伐他汀类物质的产量最高.此外根据红曲霉色素产量与洛伐他汀生成量的关系,推测红曲霉产洛伐他汀的生物合成途径,可能是红曲色素生成途径中的一个分支.     

福建红曲中的红曲霉的生理生化特性研究

从福建红曲中分离纯化出6株红曲霉,经菌落形态和生理生化实验,鉴定其为紫色红曲霉(Monascus purpu-reus Went).对6株红曲霉分别进行纯种制曲,跟踪其生物量、糖化酶活力和色价的变化,测定纯曲的酯化酶活力.结果表明:6株红曲霉制曲时,M-4生长最快,92h达到最大生物量,为0.098g(干菌体)·g-1(干曲);M-1糖化力最高,为4217U·g-1(干曲);M-4和M-6产糖化酶的活力分别为4201和4177U·g-1(干曲);M-5产色素能力最高,色价为435U·g-1(干曲).M-4纯曲中的酯化酶活力最大,达170U·g-1(干曲).     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.