汽车振动系统动态参数优化

汽车悬架及司机磨椅动态参数对汽车行驶的平顺性有着重要影响，以八自由度弹簧质量系统作为汽车振动系统的力学模型，用前后四轮路面随机激励作为系统输入，对车厢及司机座椅的输入功率谱进行分析，在此基础上对该模型的悬架及司机座椅动态参数进行优化，并给出悬架参数及司机座椅参数的优化结果。     

汽车弹性元件对平顺性的影响分析及试验优化

基于Matlab/Simulink应用环境,建立1/4车辆三自由度平顺性模型,对随机路面输入下的汽车平顺性进行仿真。应用参数敏感度理论,分析悬架弹簧刚度、悬架橡胶件垂向刚度、座椅刚度和轮胎刚度对座椅和地板垂向加速度均方根值的影响。根据仿真分析结果,对某款轿车橡胶元件进行了试验优化。仿真和试验结果表明:改变橡胶元件刚度可以有效地提高汽车平顺性。     

基于多目标粒子群算法的主动座椅悬架滑模控制器设计

为提高汽车的乘坐舒适性和行驶稳定性,对车辆主动座椅悬架提出一种基于多目标粒子群算法的滑模控制器设计方法。首先,在建立三自由度1/4车辆主动座椅悬架系统模型的基础上设计了满足李雅普诺夫稳定性理论的滑模控制器;其次,基于滑模控制到达条件和滑模面的稳定条件结合Hurwitz稳定判据选择合适的滑模面参数;然后,以汽车悬架动挠度、轮胎动载荷和控制器控制力输出为约束,形成以座椅质心垂直加速度、座椅悬架动行程以及轮胎动位移为控制目标的多目标优化问题,对滑模控制器参数进行优化设计;最后,在MATLAB环境下基于多目标粒子群算法进行求解,并进行数值仿真模拟。仿真结果显示,经过多目标参数优化后各目标值明显减小,表明基于多目标粒子群算法的滑模控制器参数优化显著地改善了汽车的乘坐舒适性和行驶稳定性,为汽车主动座椅悬架系统的研究提供了理论依据。     

基于三维动力学模型的重型卡车动态参数对平顺性的影响

为了研究重型卡车动态参数对驾驶员舒适性的影响,以路面随机不平度为激扰,以驾驶室座椅垂向、驾驶室的俯仰角和侧倾角的加权加速度均方根值为目标函数,建立了13自由度的三维动力学模型.采用Matlab/Simulink软件对整车模型进行仿真计算,分析了不同系统参数,如悬架、轮胎、驾驶室悬架和驾驶员座椅悬架的参数对驾驶员座椅垂向振动、驾驶室前后和左右晃动的影响.研究结果表明:悬架系统中刚度和阻尼参数的最佳匹配对车辆平顺性的影响非常明显;随着悬架系统和轮胎刚度的增加,车辆平顺性从优向劣转变,而随着悬架系统阻尼的增加,车辆平顺性呈现从劣转优现象.该研究为重型卡车悬架系统设计提供相应的理论依据.     

汽车悬架对行驶平顺性的影响

建立了二自由度1/4汽车悬架物理模型,针对该模型建立了振动微分方程和传递函数.使用MATLAB/simulink模块绘制了模型的Nyquist图和Bode图,分析了模型的动态特性.对汽车行驶过程中的振动原因做了分析.运用ADAMS软件分析了悬架的固有特性,得到了悬架对确定输入和随机输入的响应结果.得出悬架的各种参数、路面等级和汽车行驶速度对汽车行驶平顺性的影响.     

具有随机干扰的车辆座椅悬架系统的鲁棒H控制

针对随机干扰环境下的车辆座椅悬架系统,给出鲁棒H控制器设计方法。首先建立座椅悬架系统的动力学模型,在建模过程中同时考虑了系统中存在的参数不确定(质量、刚度、阻尼)和座椅随机振动因素。其次,基于随机微分方程理论和Lyapunov泛函理论设计出半主动控制器,给出控制器参数线性矩阵不等式解的形式,并保证系统的H性能指标。最后,随机输入下的时域和频域仿真结果表明,所提方法在参数不确定和随机干扰下能够有效衰减座椅悬架垂直加速度,提高人体乘坐舒适性。     

混联汽车悬架系统减振性能分析与优化

为进一步改善汽车悬架的减振性能,对汽车悬架结构及参数进行优化设计.基于机电相似理论,提出一种含有弹簧、阻尼器、惯容器的混联汽车悬架结构,运用多目标遗传算法对汽车悬架减振系统进行参数优化.通过求解动力学方程,在时域内分析了路面脉冲激励下汽车悬架减振系统的振动响应,在频域内分析了参数优化对混联汽车悬架减振性能的影响.研究结果表明,相比于传统汽车悬架,本文所提出的混联汽车悬架结构能够有效降低汽车减振系统的共振峰值,改善汽车悬架的减振性能;相比于初始设计参数,运用多目标遗传算法得到的参数进一步提升了汽车悬架的减振性能.     

半主动悬架座椅的设计及振动特性实验研究

为改善非公路驾驶员座椅的乘坐舒适性,设计制造了一种基于带附加气室空气弹簧和磁流变减振器的半主动悬架座椅,通过控制比例阀输入电压和磁流变减振器输入电流调节座椅悬架系统的刚度和阻尼,构建了座椅的振动特性实验系统。试验研究了激励频率、比例阀输入电压及磁流变减振器输入电流对座椅振动特性的影响规律。研究结果表明,座椅悬架的固有频率、位移传递率及加速度均方根值均随比例阀输入电压的增大而减小;在高频振动区,磁流变减振器的输入电流对加速度均方根值影响较大。     

基于人车耦合动力学模型的重型卡车平顺性仿真与优化

以某三轴重型卡车为研究对象,建立了考虑人车耦合作用的23自由度动力学模型,应用谐波叠加法建立了路面激励模型作为振动系统的输入,根据拉格朗日方程推导了人车耦合模型的动力学方程并通过Newmark算法实现动力学方程的求解,研究了人车耦合作用对车辆和人体振动响应的影响;根据ISO2631-1:1997(E)中的车辆平顺性评价方法,考虑人体大腿的垂向振动和背部的垂向振动、前后振动,以人体综合振动加权加速度均方根值为指标对重型卡车的平顺性进行评价,探究了车辆悬架、驾驶室悬置和座椅悬架的刚度阻尼参数对重型卡车平顺性的影响,并采用带有收缩因子的粒子群算法对车辆的平顺性进行了优化.研究结果表明:考虑人车耦合作用会改变车辆座椅、人体大腿和背部等部位的振动响应,车速较低时人车耦合作用对平顺性仿真结果的影响较大,在进行车辆平顺性仿真研究时需要考虑人车耦合的作用;在人车耦合条件下,车辆悬架、驾驶室悬置以及座椅悬架的刚度阻尼参数均对车辆平顺性产生影响,且在不同参数区间范围内影响程度有所不同;综合考虑车辆悬架、驾驶室悬置以及座椅悬架的刚度阻尼参数的匹配,实现了整车平顺性优化,在不同车速下人体综合振动加权加速度均方根值与优化前相比降幅均超过38%,考虑多参数匹配的平顺性优化效果显著.     

车辆主动悬架的模糊PID控制器仿真分析

通过建立某型汽车主动悬架系统的动力学方程和路面输入模型,融合PID控制和模糊控制的优点,设计了主动悬架模糊PID控制策略.在Matlab/Simulink环境中对此控制器进行的仿真结果证明,相对传统的被动悬架,本方法在降低乘员座椅垂直加速度、改善行驶平顺性和乘坐舒适性方面效果良好.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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