ELT in 2015 in China

本文推测了中国未来英语教学的状况。文章简要介绍了中国目前使用的英语教学法;在未来的十年中,英语的教和学可能产生的变化;探讨了学生可能产生的变化及他们学习英语原因的变化;英语语言及网络的发展可能对中国的英语教育产生的影响;以及英语教师们如何看待未来他们的工作。     

Emotional Education in English Teaching in Vocational Colleges

English teaching in vocational colleges must manifest its essence and help students feel the spirit of the language. Looking from the humanism of language, we cannot abandon the humanity attribute of the language, study environment and the humanities concern. Therefore, we must pay more attention to students' emotion, conduct a series of humanities concern throughout the whole teaching process in vocational colleges.     

Xenozoonoses in xenotransplantation

Pig to human xenotransplantation is one of the possible ways to solve the problem of organ shortage, but the potential risk of xenozoonoses hinders the progress of xenotransplantation. Among pathogens that might cause xenozoonoses, porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) is undoubtedly the most noticeable. Current researches show that PERV exists in pigs' genomes and is able to express in multiple tissues and organs in pigs. Other experiments also show that PERV could successfully infect several human cell lines in vitro and could infect SCID mice through pig to mouse islet transplantation. The discussion and research on the risk of PERV is one of the hottest topics in current xenotransplantation, but the question of whether PERV will transmit to human through xenotransplantation has not been answered due to the lack of suitable animal models. More work should be done to evaluate the risk of xenozoonoses caused by PERV after pig to human xenotransplantation.     

Homophobia in school

homophobia is an irrational fear, intolerance and hatred oflesbian, gay and bisexual people. Homophobia in school is ignorance. The majorityofschools are unwillingor unprepared todoanythingabout it. Noticeably, homophobia has profound effects on youngpeople with homosexuality or bisexualitynot onlyin health but alsoin education, which includes physical and verbal harassment, suicide, druguse, HIV/AIDSand academic problems. Therefore, it is time toact for schools tocreate a support environment for homosexuals.     

Studies in Premature Sutural Aynostosis in the Mouse Cap

ａｎｇＸｉａｏｌｕ１），ＺｉｍｍｅｒｍａｎｎＢ．２）（ＦａｃｈｂｅｒｅｉｃｈＨｕｍａｎｍｅｄｉｚｉｎＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔａｅｔｓｋｌｉｎｉｋｕｍＢｅｎｊａｍｉｎＦｒａｎｋｌｉｎ，ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｆüｒＫｌｉｎｉｓｃｈｅＴｏｘｉｋｏｌｏｇｉｅｕｎｄＰｈａ...     

Made in China

巴西人永远都把音箱开到最大声,不管是在家里,还是在汽车上。巴西街头的一大奇景就是:很多人都在汽车上另外配了超大功率的音箱,开到哪里都敞开窗户让音乐膨胀出来,热情地让所有路人分享自己喜爱的小调,活生生一个流动DJ。受此影响,同时也为了对抗我在公寓里过度的安静,我决定去超市买一对音箱来播放我电脑里的一大堆音乐。我特地按照一个行内高手的指引,挑了本地最佳信誉品牌的音箱,结果拿回家中,GilbertoGil没唱两声就死翘翘了。电话求救才明白,原因应归咎于巴西混乱的电力系统。巴西利亚的电压和中国一样是220伏,但很多城市的电压是110…     

Reappraisal of Color Change in Women''''s Wears in China

Ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　　Ｔｏｗａｎｔｔｏｃｈａｎｇｅｉｓｔｈｅｂａｓｉｃｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｏｆｈｕｍａｎｂｅｉｎｇｓ.Ｃｏｌｏｒｃｈａｎｇｅｓｒｅｆｌｅｃｔａｍｙｒｉａｄｏｆｅｌｅｍｅｎｔｓｆｒｏｍｄｅｓｉｇｎａｎｄｓｏｍｅｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｓｕｃｈａｓｆｉｎｅａｒｔ,ａｓｗｅｌｌａｓｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃｓ,ｐｏｌｉｔｉｃｓ ,ｔｒａ ｄｉｔｉｏｎａｌｃｕｌｔｕｒｅａｎｄｐｓｙｃｈｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｍｏｏｄｓ.Ｉｎｏｒｄｅｒｔｏｋｅｅｐｕｐｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｃｈａｎｇｉｎｇｃｏｌｏｒａｎｄｍａｋ…     

Parallelism in Ordinary Language and in the Language of Poetry

Parallelisminitsbroadsenseispreciselytheoppositeofthekindofforegounding.Theimportanceofparallelismasafeatureofpoeticlanguagealmostrivalsthatofdeviation.AsRomanJakobsonhassaid'anyformofparallelismisanapportionmentofinvariantsandvariables'.Inotherwords,inanyparallelisticpatterntheremustbeaneIementofidentityandanelementofcontrast.Parallelismistypicalofmanyotheraspectsofhumancultureapartformliterature.Proverbs,slogans,nurseryrhymes,andmanyother'sub-liberary'usesoflanguagealsoaboundinparallelism.…     

Blasting Technology Research in Construction of Fenghuoshan Tunnel in Permafrost

1Introduction TheFenghuoshanTunnelliesinthehinderland ofQinghai TibetPlateau,betweenKunlun MountainandTanggulaMountain,withatotal lengthof1338m.Thealtitudeofthemountainpeakis5075m,whilethetracksurfaceis4905m abovethesealevel.Beingthehighestpermafrost tunnelintheworld,tobeconstructedinaregion ofarcticalpineandextremeoxygendeficiency,FenghuoshanTunneldoesnothaveanyexisting experience,eitherfromChinaorabroad,to follow.Greatlydifferentformothertunnelson loweraltitudes,theconstructionofthispro…     

子宫内膜异位症的子宫内膜雌激素受体和孕激素受体mRNAs的表达

目的 :探讨雌激素受体 (ER)和孕激素受体 (PR)在子宫内膜异位症 (内异症 )子宫内膜的表达。方法 :利用大鼠内异症动物模型 ,采用逆转录聚合酶链反应 (RT -PCR)技术 ,检测子宫内膜ER和PRmRNAs的表达情况。结果 :内异症模型组大鼠异位内膜ER、PRmRNAs的表达低于在位内膜和对照组正常子宫内膜 ,与后两者比较差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 1) ;而模型组在位内膜ER、PRmRNAs的表达与正常对照组比较差异无显著性意义 (P >0 0 5 )。内异症模型组异位内膜ER/PRmRNA大于在位内膜和正常子宫内膜ER/PRmRNA(P <0 0 1)。结论 :内异症大鼠异位内膜ERmRNA表达的相对增高在内异症的发生与发展中起着一定的作用     

铁苋菜抗炎镇痛有效部位的筛选

目的 筛选铁苋菜抗炎镇痛作用的有效部位,并初步探究其作用机制.方法 采用热板和醋酸扭体疼痛模型,考察铁苋菜镇痛作用的有效部位,采用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀、蛋清致大鼠足跖肿胀以及大鼠棉球肉芽肿炎症模型,考察铁苋菜抗炎作用的有效部位.结果 铁苋菜乙酸乙酯萃取部位明显延长热板所致小鼠痛阈值和明显减少醋酸所致小鼠扭体反应次数,与正...     

Urotensin Ⅱ increases endothelin production by vascular smooth muscle cells in rats

The aim of this study was to observe the effects of urotensin Ⅱ (UII) on production of endothelin (ET) in rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Cultured VSMCs incubated with various concentrations of UII were used to measure the VSMC ³H-TdR incorporation, the amount of ET mRNA and ET production in VSMCs. In this work we found that UII (10^-10—10^-8 mol/L) promoted VSMC ³H-TdR incorporation (47%—83%, P < 0.01) and increased the amount of ET mRNA by 17.1% (P < 0.05) to 112.8% (P < 0.01), respectively, in a concentration dependent manner compared with control. After 4 and 8 h incubation, 10^-10—10^-8 mol/L of UII elevated the ET synthesis and release in a concentration dependent manner. After 4 h incubation, the content of ET in medium was 4.9, 5.36 and 7.12 pg/mL (P < 0.01). After 8 h incubation, the ET content released from VSMCs was 12.6, 12.07 and 17.17 pg/mL (P < 0.01). In addition, it was found that BQ₁₂₃, a specific ET_A receptor antagonist, obviously decreased the VSMC DNA synthesis induced by UII. The results of this study showed that UII could stimulate the ET mRNA expression and ET production in VSMC. The effects of UII on VSMC DNA synthesis were partly mediated by ET autocrine pathway. It suggests that the interaction between UII and ET plays an important biological regulating role as endogenous active peptides.     

毕赤酵母FLD1启动子元件的克隆与测序

为了应用毕赤酵母表达某些食用蛋白或同时表达多个异源蛋白,本文以毕赤酵母GS115基因组DNA为模板,采用prime5.9程序设计了一对不等长引物,经多轮直接多聚酶链式反应,扩增获得了大小为597bp目标DNA片段;再经限制性内切酶和双脱氧末端终止法分析,其DNA片段排列顺序与EMBL发表的FLD1启动子的序列完全一致。     

米非司酮对大鼠在位及异位子宫内膜COX-2表达的影响

目的:探讨米非司酮对大鼠在位及异位子宫内膜环氧合酶-2(COX-2)表达的影响。方法:子宫内膜异位症(endom etriosis,EMS)大鼠随机分为正常对照组、低剂量和高剂量米非司酮组,灌胃4周后,分别取子宫内膜组织用免疫组化法测COX-2的表达。结果:1)不同实验组间在位内膜COX-2的表达强度均有明显差异,米非司酮高剂量组低于低剂量组(P<0.01)和对照组(P<0.01),低剂量组在位内膜COX-2的表达强度也明显低于正常对照组(P<0.01)。2)米非司酮高剂量组异位内膜COX-2的表达强度低于正常对照组(P<0.01)和低剂量组(P<0.01),而低剂量组异位内膜COX-2的表达强度和对照组比较差异无显著性。3)米非司酮高剂量、低剂量组异位内膜COX-2的表达强度均明显高于在位内膜(P<0.01),而对照组在位、异位内膜COX-2的表达强度差别无显著性。结论:米非司酮治疗EMS可能与降低COX-2的表达有关。     

葎草抗炎镇痛有效部位筛选及机制

目的 筛选葎草镇痛抗炎的有效部位，初步探讨有效部位镇痛抗炎的作用机制。方法 采用溶剂萃取法将葎草水提液分离为不同部位；采用小鼠热板和醋酸扭体疼痛模型，筛选葎草镇痛作用的有效部位；采用二甲苯小鼠耳肿胀、大鼠蛋清足跖肿胀2种急性炎症模型以及大鼠棉球肉芽肿慢性炎症模型，筛选葎草抗炎作用的有效部位；检测有效部位对醋酸所致疼痛模型小鼠血清前列腺素E₂（PGE₂）、环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）含量以及蛋清所致大鼠足跖炎症组织NO和PGE₂含量的影响。结果 葎草石油醚萃取部位明显延长热板所致小鼠的痛阈值（P < 0.05），明显减少醋酸所致小鼠扭体反应次数（P < 0.05）；葎草石油醚萃取部位明显抑制二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀（P < 0.05），明显抑制蛋清所致大鼠足跖肿胀和大鼠棉球肉芽肿（P < 0.05）。葎草石油醚萃取部位明显降低醋酸所致疼痛小鼠血清PGE₂、cAMP的含量（P < 0.05），明显降低蛋清所致大鼠足跖组织NO和PGE₂含量（P < 0.05）。结论 葎草的水提液的石油醚萃取部位是镇痛抗炎的有效部位，其镇痛作用机制可能与降低PGE₂、cAMP的含量有关，其抗炎作用机制可能与减少炎症组织NO和PGE₂含量有关。     

Correlation between platelet gelsolin levels and different types of coronary heart disease

Gelsolin is an important cytoskeletal protein of platelets and studies have shown a close relationship between gelsolin and cardiovascular disease.However,the role of gelsolin in the development of coronary heart disease(CHD) is unclear.In this study,we record the distribution of gelsolin in human platelets and plasma and its association with different types of CHD.This study included 114 cases,with 33 stable angina pectoris(SAP) cases,81 acute coronary syndrome(ACS) cases—composed of 39 unstable angina pectoris(UAP) and 42 acute myocardial infarction(AMI) cases,and 31 healthy control participants.Gelsolin concentration in platelet rich plasma(PRP) and platelet poor plasma(PPP),actin filament(F-actin) and Gc-globulin of PPP were determined by enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay(ELISA).The fluorescence intensity of CD62p and cytoplasmic calcium([Ca2+] i) in human platelets measured by flow cytometry.We also used turbidimetry to detect the platelet aggregation rate(PAR).We analyzed the correlation between platelet gelsolin concentration and CD62p or plasma F-actin levels among each different patient group.Compared with the control group,the gelsolin level in PRP of UAP and AMI groups increased significantly(P<0.01),while the gelsolin level in PPP of all the three patient groups decreased markedly(P<0.01),and the CD62p,PAR,[Ca2+] i of platelets,F-actin and Gc-globulin of the UAP and AMI groups increased significantly(P<0.01).Compared with the SAP group,the gelsolin level in PRP,the PAR,[Ca2+] i of platelets and CD62p of other two groups increased significantly(P<0.01),F-actin of the AMI group increased markedly(P<0.01).Platelet cytoskeleton protein dynamics vary among the different types of CHD.Platelet gelsolin levels are markedly increased and accompanied by increased platelet activity,F-actin and [Ca2+] i of ACS patients,while gelsolin levels in PPP are markedly lower.Abnormally increased platelet gelsolin levels show high positive correlation with the level of platelet activity.Therefore,platelet gelsolin might be a novel molecular marker and/or a new potential therapeutic target of anti-platelet therapy of ACS.     

VEGF、ER、PR在异位和在位子宫内膜中的表达

研究血管内皮因子（VEGF）、雌激素受体（ER）和孕激素受体（PR）在子宫内膜异位症（EM）患者的异位和在位内膜中的表达．采用免疫组化SP法分别检测45例EM（研究组）的异位和在位内膜及32例子宫肌瘤（对照组）的在位内膜中VEGF、ER、PR的表达．利用图像分析仪测定的相应密度代表其表达强度．研究组异位和在位内膜中VEGF的表达均显著高于对照组内膜（p〈0．01）。ER／PR则显著低于对照组内膜；ER、PR仅于异位内膜中的表达低于对照组内膜，异位内膜中VEGF与ER呈正相关．异位内膜和在位内膜中高VEGF和低ER／PR以及异位内膜中VEGF与ER正相关的特点可能与EM的发生发展有关．     

盐胁迫和铝胁迫对加拿大一枝黄花种子萌发的影响

为探究加拿大一枝黄花(Solidago canadensis)在不同浓度下对盐胁迫和铝胁迫的耐受性,以加拿大一枝黄花为材料,采用室内生物测定的方法,利用 0、200、400、800、1600、3200 mg/L 不同浓度 Na Cl 和 AlCl₃ 溶液处理加拿大一枝黄花种子,并对其萌发特性进行比较研究。结果表明：(1)加拿大一枝黄花种子的发芽率随着Na Cl 浓度的增加而降低,与对照相比,800 mg/L 浓度的 Na Cl 溶液对其发芽率和发芽势产生显著抑制作用(P <0.05),当浓度为 1600 ～ 3200mg/L 时,发芽率和发芽势极显著降低(P < 0.01),当浓度为 800 ～ 3200 mg/L 时,加拿大一枝黄花发芽指数极显著降低(P < 0.01);(2)加拿大一枝黄花种子发芽率随着 AlCl₃ 浓度的增加而降低,与对照相比,200 ～ 3200mg/L 的 AlCl₃ 溶液对其发芽率、发芽势及发芽指数受到极显著抑制作用(P < 0.01)。(3)加拿大一枝黄花种子对盐胁迫...