细菌胞外多糖复合应用的免疫增强作用

提取4种细胞外多糖，研究其协同抗肿瘤作用。结果发现，4种多糖复合组的瘤重均明显低于各种多糖单独组，各种多糖间的免疫增强和抗瘤作用可以相互促进。这些结果说明，不仅要筛效果好的多糖物质，还要筛选最佳多糖配伍方案。     

Phosphatidylserine-dependent engulfment by macrophages of nuclei from erythroid precursor cells

Definitive erythropoiesis usually occurs in the bone marrow or fetal liver, where erythroblasts are associated with a central macrophage in anatomical units called 'blood islands'. Late in erythropoiesis, nuclei are expelled from the erythroid precursor cells and engulfed by the macrophages in the blood island. Here we show that the nuclei are engulfed by macrophages only after they are disconnected from reticulocytes, and that phosphatidylserine, which is often used as an 'eat me' signal for apoptotic cells, is also used for the engulfment of nuclei expelled from erythroblasts. We investigated the mechanism behind the enucleation and engulfment processes by isolating late-stage erythroblasts from the spleens of phlebotomized mice. When these erythroblasts were cultured, the nuclei protruded spontaneously from the erythroblasts. A weak physical force could disconnect the nuclei from the reticulocytes. The released nuclei contained an undetectable level of ATP, and quickly exposed phosphatidylserine on their surface. Fetal liver macrophages efficiently engulfed the nuclei; masking the phosphatidylserine on the nuclei with the dominant-negative form of milk-fat-globule EGF8 (MFG-E8) prevented this engulfment.     

螺旋藻藻蓝蛋白对小鼠免疫功能的影响

研究了螺旋藻藻蓝蛋白（Ｃ－ＰＣ）对正常和异常（经氢化可的松处理）的小鼠免疫功能的影响。实验结果表明,腹腔连续注射１５ｄＣ－ＰＣ,剂量为１００和２００ｍｇ／ｋｇ·ｄ－１能促进ＰＨＡ诱导的正常小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖,促进空斑形成细胞的溶血能力和血清中溶血素的含量,能显著对抗氢化可的松对机体免疫功能的损伤作用。     

药物从多孔骨架聚合物系统中Non-Fickian扩散的动力学模型

以组分的连续性方程为基础，建立了药物从多孔骨架聚合物系统中释放的数学模型．在模型中引入相对渗透速度来刻画药物释放过程中不同机理的影响．对药物从多孔骨架聚合物系统中non-Fickian扩散现象进行了研究，特别对药物溶出机制控制的恒速释药现象进行了解释．     

有机膨润土辛硫磷缓释剂的制备和释放研究

使用缓释剂是减少农药对环境污染的有效策略。为开发成本低廉且具有释放速度调节能力的农药缓释剂,以十六烷基三甲基氯化铵(HTMAC)为改性剂制备的有机膨润土作为辛硫磷的载体,制备辛硫磷缓释颗粒剂,分析在水中辛硫磷颗粒剂的释放行为。结果显示,HTMAC改性有机膨润土对辛硫磷具有良好的吸附性能,其吸附量最高可达0.966 g/g膨润土。有机膨润土极大延缓了辛硫磷的释放速率,控制季铵盐的用量可以在一定程度上调节辛硫磷的释放速率,50%辛硫磷活性成分从改性剂用量为50%、100%和150%可交换阳离子容量的有机膨润土颗粒剂的释放时间T50分别为普通颗粒剂的3.4倍、10.4倍和10.1倍。     

除草剂-聚酸酐缓释片的制备及释药特性研究

用癸二酸-十四烷二酸共聚合成了一种新的聚酸酐[P(SA-TA), w(SA)∶w(TA)=50∶50],并用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪与凝胶渗透色谱对其结构和相对分子质量进行了表征,同时研究了不同pH值下P(SA-TA)的降解速率.P(SA-TA)与除草剂2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)共混压片制得2,4-D-聚酸酐缓释药片,并研究了载药量、pH及温度对药片释放2,4-D速率的影响.实验结果表明,药片载药量越低,释药时间越长;在中性和碱性溶液中的释药速度几乎相同,而在酸性溶液中释药速度较慢,释药曲线变化规律与P(SA-TA)在不同pH值下的降解趋势相关.温度升高加快药片的释药速度.在温度为20℃,pH值为6.8的缓冲溶液中,载药量为30%的药片释药时间可以达到15d,并且其释药曲线符合一级动力学方程.聚酸酐P(SA-TA)可以作为2,4-D的有效缓释载体.     

烤烟叶面微生物5种水解酶的产生、温度稳定性及其在烟叶人工陈化中的应用

研究了烤烟叶面微生物菌株5种水解酶（β 淀粉酶、糖化酶、纤维素酶、果胶酶和蛋白酶）的诱导产生及其温度稳定性,结果发现培养基中分别添加0.2%的5种水解酶相应的诱导物,对所研究的烤烟叶面微生物菌株5种水解酶的产生均具有诱导作用.5种水解酶在60?℃时均不稳定,易失活;50?℃时,除果胶酶外,其他4种水解酶的温度稳定性较好.在对5种水解酶60?℃保温2?h过程中所取的样品测定酶活时发现,60?℃反应所得的酶活都高于各自酶活测定常规方法中所用温度反应所得的酶活.用烤烟叶面微生物及其产生的5种水解酶组合成6种不同配方,对2个品种的烤烟进行了为期6个月的人工陈化试验,结果是人工陈化2个月后试验样品评吸总分普遍高于对照样品.本研究为进行烤烟人工陈化以缩短烤烟自然陈化周期、改善烟叶内在品质奠定了基础.     

Magnetic separation of pentlandite from serpentine by selective magnetic coating

In this study, pentlandite was selectively separated from serpentine using magnetic coating technology by adjusting and optimizing pH, stirring speeds, magnetic field intensities, and dosages of sodium hexametaphosphate(SHMP) and sodium oleate(SO). A magnetic concentrate with Ni grade of 20.8% and Ni recovery of 80.5% was attained under the optimized operating conditions. Considering the above, the adsorption behaviors of SHMP and SO and the surface properties of minerals after the magnetic coating were studied by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction(XRD), and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The results show that magnetite was preferentially coated on the pentlandite surfaces and sparingly coated on the serpentine surfaces in the presence of SHMP and SO. Furthermore, calculations by Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek(DLVO) theory indicate that the preferential adsorption of magnetite on the pentlandite surfaces is due to the presence of a hydrophobic interaction between the magnetite and pentlandite, which is much stronger than the interaction between magnetite and serpentine.     

羟丙基甲基纤维素凝胶骨架片体外释药的影响因素

羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)作为构成亲水凝胶骨架片的主要控释、缓释材料广泛用于药物的控释和缓释制剂的研究.参考24篇文献,综述了HPMC凝胶骨架片体外释药的影响因素.     

水库底泥污染物释放模拟研究

通过对底泥主要污染物稳定性实验研究及模型分析,了解底泥污染物释放对水库库区水体水质的影响,为水库底泥处置和底泥污染治理工作提供技术依据和指导性分析。通过对底泥动态释放模拟实验,对底泥中部分重金属Cd、Mn、Zn及TN、P对水体的污染程度进行了分析和预测。其结果表明:底泥中重金属Zn、Cd、Mn的释放速率及年释放量较低,对于库区水体水质影响较小;TN和P的释放速率及释放量较高,对于库区水体水质影响较大。这些结果对确定底泥的处理方案及防止底泥二次污染具有一定的借鉴意义。     

水库底泥污染物释放模拟研究

通过对底泥主要污染物稳定性实验研究及模型分析,了解底泥污染物释放对水库库区水体水质的影响,为水库底泥处置和底泥污染治理工作提供技术依据和指导性分析。通过对底泥动态释放模拟实验,对底泥中部分重金属Cd、Mn、Zn及TN、P对水体的污染程度进行了分析和预测。其结果表明:底泥中重金属Zn、Cd、Mn的释放速率及年释放量较低,对于库区水体水质影响较小;TN和P的释放速率及释放量较高,对于库区水体水质影响较大。这些结果对确定底泥的处理方案及防止底泥二次污染具有一定的借鉴意义。