EAG and behavioral responses of Helicoverpa armigera males to volatiles from poplar leaves and their combinations with sex pheromone

Electroantennogram (EAG) evaluation of selected compounds from wilted leaves of black poplar, Populus nigra, showed that phenyl acetaldehyde, methyl salicylate, (E)-2-hexenal elicited strong responses from male antennae of Helicoverpa armigera. When mixed with sex pheromone (Ph), some volatiles, e.g. phenyl acetaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, phenylethanol, methylsalicylate, linalool, benzaldehyde, (Z)-3-hexenol, (Z)-3-hexenylacetate, (Z)-6-nonenol, cineole, (E)-2-hexenal, and geraniol elicited stronger responses from male antennae than Ph alone. Wind tunnel bioassay demonstrated that various volatiles could either enhance or inhibit the effect of synthetic sex pheromone. (E)-2-hexenal, (Z)-3-hexenol and linalool in combination with Ph could not induce any male to land on source at all, whereas phenyl acetaldehyde, benzaldehyde, (Z)-6-nonenol and salicylaldehyde combined with Ph enhanced male response rates by 58.63%, 50.33%, 51.85% and 127.78%, respectively, compared to Ph alone. These results suggested that some volatiles shouldmodify sex pheromone caused behavior and that some of them could possibly be used as a tool for disrupting mating or for enhancing the effect of synthetic sex pheromone in the field.     

红缘天牛对不同诱剂的EAG与行为反应及野外诱集效果

采用目前广泛应用的植物挥发性物质和性息素配制成25种引诱剂，对红缘天牛进行了行为、电生理测定及野外诱集实验．结果显示：诱剂W的诱集效果最好，相对诱捕率达21．8％，EAG值为4．116，亦最高．其次为诱剂T，相对诱捕率为17．2％，EAG值为3．714．诱剂X和V的相对诱捕率也较高，分别为9．2％和8．0％．另外，以青霉素注射剂药瓶作为诱芯的载体、以植物挥发性物质和性信息素作为诱剂研制而成的诱芯，缓释作用很好，具有应用推广价值．     

桑野蚕雄蛾的性信息素感受细胞

本文用单细胞记录方法发现反－１０，顺－１２－十六碳二烯醇和反－１０，顺－１２－十六碳二烯酸均能引发桑野蚕雄蛾触角中毛形感器的电反应，前者发放振幅较大的神经脉冲，后者发放小脉冲，选择性适应试验表明，毛形感器中存在对上述两个组分敏感的不同类型的嗅觉感受细胞。     

An analysis of structure fitting and bioactivity between sex pheromone of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) and its fluorinated analogs

A study on the structure-activty relationship between （Z）-hexadec-9-enal （Z-9-16：Ald） and its analog was conducted by comparing the structures of the sex pheromone of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera （Huebner） with its fluorinated analog using computer molecular fitting. It is demonstrated that the structure of analog substituting for hydrogen atom on the terminal carbon atom is similar to Z-9-16：Ald. The EAG result showed that there is no significant difference in activities between Z-9-16：Ald and its fluorinated analog synthesized.     

应用高序铜的共轭加成反应选择性合成白腿牛羚信息素

利用Normant反应制备含高(Z)式纯度烯烃的高序铜试剂,在TMSCL催化下对α,β—不饱和羰基化合物进行共轭加成反应,将所得烯醇硅醚经温和水解即得脯乳动物白腿牛羚信息素(Z)—5—十一烯—2—酮。     

关于m-增生算子的扰动方程可解性的几个问题

设Z为-Banach空间,T、C为两个定义、取值均在Z内的算子,本文讨论算子方程 Tx+Cx=f (E) 解的存在性,其中f∈Z所运用的主要方法一是在具有紧予解(T+αI)~(-1)的假定下,运用度理论解(E)的等价方程。其中I为恒等变换,α为一正常数,二是考察逼近问题解的存在性, 本文的结果改进和推广了Kartsatos[4,5]中的某些结果     

西部松小蠹集合信息素（±）—exo—Brevicomin的合成

以叶醇为起始原料，经关键中间体6-壬烯-2-酮，合成了西部松小蠹集合信息素（±）-exo-Brevicomin(7-乙基-5-甲基-6，8-二氧双环［3.2.1］辛烷)，总产率41%.文中所合成化合物的结构经IR，MS，1HNMR和13CNMR证实.     

Pheromone binding and inactivation by moth antennae

The antennae of male silk moths are extremely sensitive to the female sex pheromone such that a male moth can find a female up to 4.5 km away. This remarkable sensitivity is due to both the morphological and biochemical design of these antennae. Along the branches of the plumose antennae are the sensilla trichodea, each consisting of a hollow cuticular hair containing two unbranched dendrites bathed in a fluid, the receptor lymph ,3. The dendrites and receptor lymph are isolated from the haemolymph by a barrier of epidermal cells which secreted the cuticular hair. Pheromone molecules are thought to diffuse down 100 A-wide pore tubules through the cuticular wall and across the receptor lymph space to receptors located in the dendritic membrane. To prevent the accumulation of residual stimulant and hence sensory adaptation, the pheromone molecules are subsequently inactivated in an apparent two-step process of rapid 'early inactivation' followed by much slower enzymatic degradation. The biochemistry involved in this sequence of events is largely unknown. We report here the identification of three proteins which interact with the pheromone of the wild silk moth Antheraea polyphemus: a pheromone-binding protein and a pheromone-degrading esterase, both uniquely located in the pheromone-sensitive sensilla; and a second esterase common to all cuticular tissues except the sensilla.     

一维链状化合物[Cu(C_(10)N_2H_8)_2(H_2O)]_2{[Cu(C_(10)N_2H_8)][Cr(OH)_6Mo_6O_(18)]_2}·10H_2O的合成与晶体结构

在常规条件下,合成了基于Anderson结构多阴离子[Cr(OH)6Mo6O18]3-的一维链状结构化合物[Cu(C10N2H8)2(H2O)]2{[Cu(C10N2H8)][Cr(OH)6Mo6O18]2}.10H2O.通过元素分析、红外光谱和X射线单晶衍射对合成的化合物进行了表征.结果表明:该化合物属于单斜晶系,P21/n空间群;晶胞参数为a=1.4569(2)nm,b=3.4591(5)nm,c=1.5088(2)nm,α=90°,β=111.453(2)°,γ=90°,V=7.0771(18)nm3,Z=4,R1=0.0743,ωR2=0.1916.该化合物是一个一维链状化合物,由交替连接的2,2′-联吡啶铜的配合物和多阴离子[Cr(OH)6Mo6O18]3-组成.相邻链间通过吡啶配体的π-π相互作用,进一步形成了三维结构.     

蓖麻蚕触角的结构和嗅觉感受细胞对化学气味物质的反应

扫描电镜和透射电镜观察蓖麻蚕的触角和毛形感器。雄蛾触角上的毛形感器比雌蛾的长且多。雄蛾触角的每个毛形感器内有二个或三个树突。用４１种人工合成化合物刺激蓖麻蚕触角，单细胞记录方法记录感受细胞的感受器电位和神经冲动发放发现，雄蛾对Ｅ６，Ｚ１１－十六碳二烯醛和Ｅ４，Ｚ９－十四碳二烯醇，酯及醛反应明显。雌蛾触角对上述化合物无反应。     

Cloning,expression and binding specificity analysis of odorant binding protein 3 of the lucerne plant bug, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Adelphocoris lineolatus</Emphasis> (Goeze)

Credible evidence shows that odorant binding proteins (OBPs) are required for insect olfaction perception and play a key role in transporting hydrophobic odorants across the sensillum lymph to the olfactory receptors (ORs). In the present study, a novel OBP (AlinOBP3) gene from the lucerne plant bug, Adelphocoris lineolatus, was cloned and expressed. The expression pattern of AlinOBP3 was evaluated by qPCR, which indicated that AlinOBP3 was dominantly expressed in antennae. The binding properties of AlinOBP3 with 9 cotton volatiles and 5 sex pheromone analogs were measured by fluorescence competitive binding assays with the fluorescence probe 1-NPN. The results revealed that of 9 cotton volatiles, Myrcene, β-Ocimene and α-Phellandrene can bind with AlinOBP3. α-Phellandrene especially bound to AlinOBP3 with a high binding affinity, with a dissociation constant of 56.68 μmol/L. Of the 5 sex pheromone analogs, Hexyl butyrate had the strongest binding affinity with AlinOBP3, with a dissociation constant as 59.53 μmol/L. Butyl butyrate, trans-2-Hexenyl butyrate and Ethyl butyrate had medium binding affinities with AlinOBP3, with dissociation constants of 227.39, 108.77 and 143.47 μmol/L, respectively. The results suggest that AlinOBP3 might be a pheromone binding protein (PBP) with a dual-function for the perception of sex pheromones and plant volatiles.     

青枯菌胞外多糖和酶对花生细胞POD及CYT的影响

用野生型青枯菌(fy7)及其胞外多糖缺失型(APT)和胞外蛋白缺失型(DF7)分别作用于青枯菌易感花生品种鄂花4号和抗性品种中花2号的悬浮培养细胞,等电聚焦分析处理后的花生细胞的过氧化物酶(POD)、酯酶(FAST)和细胞色素氧化酶(CYT)的变化．与对照组相比,fy7诱导12h时鄂花4号的3种酶都有变化,24h时只有中花2号有新POD带出现．APT诱导12h时只有FAST有变化,24h时POD和cYT均有较显著变化．DP7诱导12h时只有FAST有变化,24h时只有抗性细胞有新POD带出现．     

Agrotis segetum雄蛾触角叶神经元的时相编码特性

应用细胞内记录神经放电方法 ,研究Agrotissegetum雄蛾触角叶MGC神经元对性信息素的反应特征及时相编码特点。在此种雄蛾MGC中 ,投射神经元对性信息素的反应呈现一种双相反应模式。 2 6个MGC神经元均可对 1,3Hz频率的每个刺激有明显的双相反应 ,14个神经元可对 5Hz频率的每个刺激引起明显的双相反应 ,4个神经元仅能识别 7Hz频率的每个刺激 ,1个神经元可识别高至 10Hz频率的每个刺激。神经元对性信息素频率刺激的反应能力与神经元自发放电频率、反应时的超极化幅度等都有一定的相关关系     

稀土配位聚合物[Pr(2,5-pdc)(OH)(H_2O)_2]·H_2O的合成、结构及热稳定性

采用水热方法合成一种新型的稀土有机配合物[Pr(2,5-pdc)(OH)(H2O)2].H2O,通过元素分析、红外光谱及X射线衍射方法对该配合物进行结构表征.结构分析表明:标题配合物属于单斜晶系;P21/c空间群;晶胞参数a=0.9350(4)nm,b=1.6158(6)nm,c=0.8309(3)nm,α=γ=90.000°,β=94.078(7)°,V=1.2521(9)nm3,Z=4.配合物中镨离子通过μ2-OH桥连接形成双核构筑单元,进一步通过2,5-pdc中的羧基氧原子连接形成三维结构.     

大袋蛾(Clania variegata Snell.)雌虫性信息素分泌腺体及其释放机制的研究——IV、雌成虫生理活动的日节奏与释放性信息素的机制

<正>已往虽然对许多昆虫的性行为与温度、光暗日周期的关系有很多报道,但对它们与性信息素滴度,特别是呼吸、脉搏的关系及其日节奏尚甚少报道。 据研究,大袋蛾雌虫性信息素分泌腺体不属于Noirot.C.和Quennedey.A.对昆虫表皮腺体的分类中的任何一类,而是一种新的表皮腺体。腺体结构引起了特殊的释放信息素的机制。 在腺体释放分泌的机制的研究中,虽然有的研究者对其它目的昆虫做过一些推测,但尚未见到用实验的方法进行验证的报道。 本文所报道的是对大袋蛾雌虫信息素含量、呼吸强度、心脏脉动频率的日节奏以及脉动频率与信息素释放速率间关系的研究,并阐述了大袋蛾释放信息素机制。     

K_3[Fe(CN)_6]作为氰源合成5,7-二羟基-8-氰甲基黄酮的正交试验研究

5,7-二羟基-8-氰甲基黄酮是黄酮醋酸类化合物中间体.以5,7-二羟基黄酮为原料,经氯甲基化反应得到5,7-二羟基-8-氯甲基黄酮.在此基础上,在碱性条件下,以无毒、廉价的K3[Fe(CN)6]为氰源,Cu(OAc)2为催化剂,合成5,7-二羟基-8-氰甲基黄酮.探讨了反应温度、催化剂与原料摩尔比、K3[Fe(CN)6]与原料摩尔比及碱与原料摩尔比等因素对氰基化反应的影响,从而确定氰基化反应的最佳条件是:反应温度为100℃,催化剂Cu(OAc)2与原料的摩尔比为0.004∶1,K3[Fe(CN)6]与原料的摩尔比为0.1∶1,Na2CO3与原料的摩尔比为1.5∶1,在此条件下反应收率为72.8;.     

大袋蛾性信息素研究初报

<正>大袋蛾不但具有独特的生活习性,而且雌虫性信息素的分泌部位和化学结构亦不同于一般鳞翅目蛾类。我们的初步工作证实,大袋蛾雌成虫的性引诱能力极强,其性信息素的分泌部位主要在胸部背板区。用漂洗法提取,可消除屏蔽物质的干扰和减少杂质的污染。大袋蛾性信息素的化学结构不同于一般鳞翅目蛾类的不饱和长碳链醇、乙酸酯或醛、酮之类。其主要活性组分的分子量为270,分子式C_(17)H_(34)O_2。此外,还有多元组分存在的可能性。结构鉴定的进一步工作正在进行。     

骨质疏松患者FGF23与Crosslaps血清浓度检测与分析

目的:探讨骨质疏松症(Osteoporosis,OP)患者外周血成纤维生长因子23(Fibrobalst growth factor-23,FGF23)、Ⅰ互型胶原交联C末端肽(Crosslaps)与25-(OH)D代谢水平与骨质疏松症的关系.方法:选择骨质疏松女性患者32名,年龄48~90岁(OP组),与21名健康人年龄31~50岁(对照组).采用酶联免疫吸附法检测外周血FGF23,Crosslaps及25-(OH)D水平.采用全自动血液生化分析仪检测血钙、血清无机磷、碱性磷酸酶(Alkaline phosphates,ALP)水平,并对OP患者25-(OH)D与FGF23、Crosslaps、血钙、血磷的相关性进行分析.对53名受试者进行骨密度(Bone mineral density,BMD)测量及医学影像学检测.采集OP患者及健康人股骨骨样进行石蜡包埋、切片、HE染色并观察,采用病理学图像分析系统进行形态计量学分析.结果:与对照组比较,OP组患者血清中FGF23、Crosslaps水平显著升高(P0.05);OP患者血清中25-(OH)D水平与FGF23相关系数为-0.012 2,与Crosslaps相关系数为-0.231 7;通过骨组织形态计量学分析,OP患者骨小梁平均厚度、骨小梁面积百分率较对照组显著减少(P0.05),OP组骨小梁间距较对照组显著增大(P0.05).OP患者左侧股骨颈(Femeralneck,FN),Ward's三角(Ward's)骨密度值与对照组均有显著减少(P0.05).通过影像学检测发现OP组X光片透光度有所增加,骨小梁变细,骨皮质变薄.结论:骨质疏松症患者血清中FGF23,Crosslaps因子水平与25-(OH)D水平存在一定相关性.提示其在骨代谢所引起的血清水平变化,以及三者之间的关系可为骨质疏松症的诊断和治疗提供参考.     

~（13）C－NMR研究乙烯醇－醋酸乙烯酯共聚物序列结构

１３Ｃ－ＮＭＲ方法对８种不同的国产乙烯醇－醋酸乙烯酯共聚物序列结构作了观测和表征．指出这一直接由ＰＶＡｃ（醋酸乙烯酯）皂化生成的共聚物均具有嵌段物性，并观测到它们与聚合度之间的关系．根据这些结果讨论了沿ＰＶＡｃ链皂化机制