海藻酸微球的制备及结构与性能间相互关系

采用高压静电液滴法制备海藻酸钙微球(AGS)。首先通过改进高压装置中电场环境,形成均匀电场,制备单分散AGS;在此基础上,以牛血清白蛋白、血红蛋白为药物模型,系统地研究载药微球的表面形貌、内部结构、溶胀比以及载药释药性能。实验结果表明:在电场中加入直径为17cm的圆形铁环,可有效减少子液滴的形成,制得粒径为(219±6)μm的单分散AGS;另外,海藻酸钠包载不同的药物将形成不同的AGS内部结构,进而影响AGS强度及载药释药性能。释放液中牛血清白蛋白的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳显示,该制备方法并未对被包埋蛋白的相对分子质量产生影响,为AGS在蛋白类药物缓控释载体领域中的应用奠定了基础。     

抗癌丝裂霉素白蛋白微球的制备及体外释药性能

以人血清白蛋白为载体材料,精制棉籽油为油相,采用乳化热固法制备了抗癌丝裂霉素C白蛋白微球,对丝裂霉素C白蛋白微球的粒径、载药量、包封率以及药物的体外释药等特性进行了研究。结果表明,采用乳化热固法制备的白蛋白微球平均粒径为500 nm;丝裂霉素C白蛋白微球的平均载药量为2.98μg/m g,包封率为61.2%,在体外具有明显的药物缓释效果。     

PLGA基载药复合微球的制备及其释放性能

以聚乳酸-羟基乙酸(PLGA)为载体材料,牛血清蛋白(BSA)为蛋白模型药物,采用复相乳化溶剂法制备PLGA载药微球,探索载药微球制备过程中囊芯比、初乳水油比、分散剂浓度、超声乳化时间对微球粒径大小、载药率、包封率的影响。结果表明,最优载药微球的制备条件为:囊芯比1:1,初乳水油比3:5,分散剂质量分数0.5%,超声乳化时间2 min。在此条件下,所得PLGA微球的粒径为268.7 nm,载药率30.88%,包封率46.95%; 电镜照片表明微球表面连续光滑,粒径分布较均匀。采用静电吸附法用阳离子聚电解质壳聚糖对最佳条件下的PLGA载药微球进行表面修饰,扫描电镜表明复合后微球粒径变大,能谱分析表明复合后微球中有N元素存在,即复合微球中存在壳聚糖,电荷测试表明微球表面带正电; 体外释放实验表明PLGA-CS复合载药微球的缓释时间延长,释药初期的突释性明显改善。     

海藻酸钠/壳聚糖缓释微球的制备及性能

利用海藻酸钠(SA)聚阴离子及壳聚糖(CS)聚阳离子电解质的性质,以顺铂(DDP)为模型药,采用乳化交联法制备海藻酸钠-DDP缓释微球,根据静电吸附原理合成SA/DDP/CS复合载药微球.研究微球对药物分子的包载能力及释药特性.结果显示,制备的微球圆整,载药微球表面致密且分散性好,微球粒径在11.0～58.8μm之间,采用原子吸收分光光度计对载药微球的载药率、药物包封率和药物体外释放性质进行了测试和分析,结果表明载药微球缓释效果明显,减少了药物的投放量和投放次数,降低了毒副作用.     

离子交联法制备氟尿嘧啶壳聚糖微球

以壳聚糖为药用载体,5-氟尿嘧啶为模型药物,三聚磷酸钠为离子交联剂,采用离子交联法制备壳聚糖微球制剂,考察处方和工艺因素对载药微球形态、包封率及体外释放行为的影响;采用扫描电镜、粒度分析仪和红外光谱对微球结构进行表征。结果表明:5-氟尿嘧啶壳聚糖微球的包封率可达到77.8%,平均粒径为6.4μm,30 min时体外突释为21.3%,48 h以内的累积释药率为77.0%,缓释作用明显。     

洛伐他汀聚乳酸缓释微球的制备及其体外释药

采用油/水型乳化溶剂挥发法制备了洛伐他汀聚乳酸缓释微球,通过正交试验筛选最优制备工艺;考察了微球的粒径,形态,及载药量、包封率等特征,采用透析法进行微球体外释药研究。结果表明由最佳工艺制备的洛伐他汀聚乳酸微球形态圆整,粒径分布较为均匀。分子量5万聚乳酸制备的微球,载药量32.28%,包封率81.81%,平均粒径65.8μm ;分子量3万聚乳酸制备的微球,载药量27.66%,包封率60.84%,平均粒径63.3μm。二者在10d内体外累积释放率分别为34.81%和40.96%,释药动力学符合Higuchi方程。     

载肝素钠ACA微胶囊载药量

采用乳化固化法制备粒径为820nm的海藻酸钙微球,同时采用两步成囊的方法在微球表面包覆几丁聚糖半透膜并制备海藻酸钙/几丁聚糖微胶囊.以肝素为模型药物,考察微球溶胀与非溶胀、加药浓度、载药方式、几丁聚糖相对分子质量、成膜时间、成膜液浓度、几丁聚糖改性物等因素对载药的影响.研究结果表明:所制备的微胶囊载药量最高可达77.4%.     

线性-树枝状共聚物载药微球的制备、表征及体外释放

以自制的生物可降解线性-树枝状两嵌段两亲共聚物材料为药物载体,采用透析法制备了雷帕霉素载药微球。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、动态光散射仪(DLS)、紫外分光光度计对雷帕霉素载药微球的表面形貌、粒径分布、载药量及释放行为进行了研究。结果表明:载药微球的载药量和包封率分别可达到40%和90%以上,与哑铃型三嵌段两亲共聚物载药微球相当,但平均粒径大幅降低(粒径约300nm),同样具有显著的缓释作用。     

格列吡嗪控释微球的制备及体外释药性质

为研究口服药物控释微球的制备及其体外释药性质,以格列吡嗪为模型药物,采用喷雾干燥法制备具有恒速释药性质的微球.通过考察微球的收率、包封率以及体外释放特性,研究了载体材料、材料与药物比例以及药物释放环境对格列吡嗪控释微球释药性质的影响.结果表明,采用醋酸纤维素为载体材料,选用合适的配方,可制得具有零级释药动力学的格列吡嗪控释微球制剂,并且该制剂可以根据需要的条件在12 h或24 h内释放完毕.不同条件下微球的药物释放曲线线性拟合的相关系数在0.981～0.999之间.     

阿维菌素缓释微球的研制

以生物可降解材料聚乳酸(PLA)为载体,通过溶剂蒸发法制备了一种具有缓释性能的阿维菌素微球,研究了PLA的粘度及配比对微球制备以及释放度的影响.实验结果表明:随着PLA用量的减少,微球的粒径逐渐减小,释放速度逐渐加大;随着PLA粘度的增大,载药微球的表皮粗糙度加大,空隙也逐渐增大,释放加快.利用扫描电镜观察载药微球外观为单分散球体,表面粗糙,粒径为10～100 μm.用高效液相色谱法测定了微球内的药物含量并计算其包封率,利用差示扫描量热分析证明药物被微球有效包裹.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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