焙烧温度对Ni-Al_2O_3甲烷化催化剂性能的影响

以偏铝酸钠和硝酸镍为原料,采用均匀沉淀法制备出Ni质量分数为40%的Ni-Al2O3催化剂,考察了不同焙烧温度(350,450,550,650,750℃)下制备的催化剂在CO甲烷化反应中的催化活性,使用TG-DTG、N2吸附、XRD、H2-TPR和H2化学吸附分析了催化剂的织构、晶相和活性金属的化学形态。结果表明,随着焙烧温度的上升,Ni与Al2O3载体之间的相互作用逐渐变强,形成大量的NiAl2O4,在450℃焙烧的催化剂活性最佳,在压力1.0 MPa、空速20 000mL/(g·h)和温度220℃的反应条件下,CO转化率达到99%以上;随着焙烧温度的增加,催化剂活性与镍的活性比表面积变化趋势一致,先增加、后降低,表明催化剂镍的活性比表面积影响其活性。     

Ru/Mn_xCe_(1-x)O_2催化苯甲醇液相氧化制苯甲醛

采用3种不同方法制备了Mnx Ce1-x O2载体,并通过负载Ru制得2.5%Ru/Ru/Mnx Ce1-x O2催化剂,考察了载体的制备方法、焙烧温度及n(Mn)∶n(Mn+Ce)对催化剂活性的影响.实验结果表明,由溶胶-凝胶法、n(Mn)∶n(Mn+Ce)=0.50、773K下焙烧制备的载体所制得的2.5%Ru/Ru/Mnx Ce1-x O2催化剂的活性最高,在333K下反应1h,苯甲醛产率达67.4%.XRD、N2物理吸附及SEM表征表明,该条件下制备的Mn0.5Ce0.5O2-sol-gel-773K载体具有完整的孔结构,较大的比表面积,且能够形成较多高分散的Ce-Mn-O复合氧化物.     

焙烧温度对异辛醇生成异辛酸性能的影响

用浸渍法在不同焙烧温度下制备了一系列用于异辛醇氧化的ZnO/γ-Al2O3催化剂,通过BET,XRD和SEM等对其进行了表征,研究了焙烧温度对催化剂表面结构的影响以及催化剂表面结构与活性之间的关系.结果表明:升高焙烧温度,使催化剂晶粒尺寸增大,比较面积减小;Zn进入载体Al2O3的晶格形成AnAl2O4尖晶石晶相,其与催化剂的活性密切相关.催化剂活性随着焙烧温度升高而增强,焙烧温度800℃,催化剂具有最佳催化性能.当焙烧温度继续升高,催化剂烧结,比较面积下降,催化活性降低.     

焙烧温度对Pt/Al_2O_3催化剂催化纤维素转化性能的影响

以溶剂挥发诱导自组装方法合成的有序介孔氧化铝(MA)为载体负载铂,制备了Pt/MA催化剂。考察了载体和催化剂焙烧温度对Pt/MA催化剂催化纤维素转化性能的影响。采用X射线衍射、N2物理吸附、透射电镜和NH3程序升温脱附等手段对载体和催化剂进行了表征,随着载体焙烧温度的升高,氧化铝的有序度、晶相、比表面积、酸量、铂粒径大小均有明显变化。催化结果表明,载体焙烧温度和催化剂焙烧温度对催化剂的催化性能有显著影响。以800℃焙烧的氧化铝为载体负载铂,再经400℃焙烧制得的催化剂活性最高,六元醇的选择性达到了78.5%。     

NiB/Al_2O_3非晶态合金催化剂抗硫性能研究

采用化学还原法制备了非晶态NiB合金及负载型非晶态NiB/Al2 O3合金 ,用浸渍法制备了Ni/Al2 O3催化剂。用ICP、BET、TPD及氢吸附等方法对催化剂进行了表征。以苯加氢为探针反应 ,以CS2 为毒物 ,对各催化剂的催化活性和抗硫性能进行了比较。研究结果表明 ,非晶态合金由于有更高的活性镍面积而表现出更高的催化活性及抗硫性能 ,载体能改善非晶态合金的性能 ,并对毒物有一定的吸附作用。在非晶态合金表面有三种中心 ,CS2 优先中毒高温吸附中心。     

新型固体酸催化剂SO42-/Al2O3-Al的制备

采用铝阳极氧化法和浸渍法制备出新型SO42-/Al2O3-Al固体酸催化剂,通过BET,XRD,XPS等物性表征,考察了阳极氧化时间、焙烧温度等对催化剂制备的影响。BET结果表明,催化剂的比表面积要小于载体Al2O3的比表面积;XRD结果表明,载体Al2O3为无定形结构,且负载SO42-后,催化剂的物相结构没有发生改变;XPS结果表明,催化剂表面主要由SO42-和Al2O3组成。活性评价表明,该催化剂对酯化反应具有较好的催化活性。     

Cu/Ce-Ti-PILC上丙烯选择催化还原NO的研究

采用铈钛共交联剂对蒙脱土进行柱撑,制备铈钛共交联粘土(Ce-Ti-PILC),并以其为载体,制备了应用于C3H6选择还原NO催化荆Cu/Ce-Ti-PILC.考察了(Ce Ti)/clay比、制备方法、活性组分、Cu含量、催化剂焙烧温度等对催化剂性能的影响,并用比表面、N2吸附/脱附等温线、XRD、孔径分布及TPR等表征方法对载体和催化剂进行表征.结果表明,(Ce Ti)/clay比为15 mmol·g-1,采用浸渍法,活性组分Cu负载量为3(wt)%,催化剂焙烧温度为500℃,空速25 000 h-1时,Cu/Ce-Ti-PILC在250℃使NO转化率达到最大值71.21%.     

Ag/Al2O3选择性还原整体式催化剂的制备

为使Ag/ Al2O3催化剂在处理稀燃机动车尾气中NOX实用化,以堇青石蜂窝陶瓷为载体,以活性 Al2O3为涂层,以Ag作为活性组分,制备了Ag/ Al2O3整体式催化剂,考察了整体式Ag/ Al2O3催化剂制备过程中氧化铝涂层的形成以及Ag活性组分负载过程中干燥方式和焙烧气氛条件对催化剂还原反应活性的影响.实验结果表明,通过微波干燥方式明显提高了Ag在 Al2O3表面的分散性,有助于提高催化剂的NOX还原反应活性;焙烧气氛对催化剂的活性没有明显影响.氧化铝涂层负载量的增加有利于增加单位体积载体上的Ag活性位数量,从而使反应温度窗口得到扩展, NOX转化率得到提高.     

棒状TiO_2负载Ru催化苯选择性加氢反应

以不同焙烧温度的TiO_2纳米棒为载体,采用化学还原浸渍法制备Ru/TiO_2催化剂。利用X线衍射(XRD)、H_2化学吸附、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和NH_3程序升温脱附(NH_3-TPD)等手段表征催化剂的物理化学性质,并考察催化剂在苯选择性加氢反应中的催化性能。结果表明:焙烧温度并未改变TiO_2的晶型结构及形貌,但随着载体焙烧温度的升高,Ru粒子的分散度减小,从而使Ru/TiO_2催化剂的活性降低;同时,随着Ru/TiO_2催化剂酸量的减小,环己烯吸附量减小,环己烯的选择性提高; 700℃焙烧的TiO_2负载的Ru催化剂上环己烯收率最高(41%)。     

NiB/Al2O3非晶态合金催化剂抗硫性能研究

采用化学还原法制备了NiB合金及负载型非晶态NiB/Al2O3合金，用浸渍法制备了Ni/Al2O3催化剂。用ICP、BET、TPD及氢吸附等方法对催化剂进行了表征。以苯加氢为探针反应，以CS2为毒物，对各催化剂的催化活性和抗硫性能进行了比较，研究了结果表明，非晶态合金合由有更高的活性镍面积而表现出更高的催化活性及抗硫性能，载体能改善非晶态合金的性能，并对毒有一定的中附作用，在非晶态合金表面有三种中心，CS2优先中毒高温吸附中心。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with