打纬及开关车织物横档疵点

以实验的方法解释了织机在未采用张力补偿措施前提下,产生开关车织物横档疵点的原因。织机开关车时由于主轴转速、钢筘打纬速度达不到正常数值,使经纱张力及钢筘打纬力达不到一定的正常数值,以致打纬过程中经纬纱线相对滑移量比织机正常运转时的数值小、共同移动量比正常运转时的数值大,所形成的织物达不到正常的纬密,在织物上产生横档疵点。同时,也指出了长期以来对织物横档疵点成因一种肤浅的解释。     

Effect Of Construction On Some Mechanical Properties of Non - finished and Finished Cotton Fabrics

The analysis of fabrics of different woven constructions made of the same count of yarn indicates different wrinkle recovery and other mechanical properties before and after wrinkle resistant treatment. For the plain weave fabrics, parameters of the warp threads and weft threads can influence the effect of wrinkle resistance finishing. When the parameters of warp threads are similar as that of the weft threads, the even - structure can be obtained . Therefore, the best wrinkle recovery angle can be obtained. With the increasing of warp threads and weft threads, the strength of non - finished and finished fabrics can be increased. When the warp threads are similar as the weft threads, high strength retain can also be obtained.     

膜材经向拉伸性能数值模拟

膜材的强度主要由基布提供,基布由纱线编织而成,基于这样的膜材生产过程提出通过纱线拉伸性能建模模拟基布经向拉伸曲线和膜材经向拉伸曲线.以 MC 13122-1100/902膜材为例应用通用有限元程序Abaqus模拟,得到的模拟曲线与试验曲线在拉伸曲线的前两个阶段吻合很好,第三阶段稍有差异,对工程应用来讲模拟曲线是可靠的.     

织编物的组织结构

织编物是把机织与针织的原理相结合所生产出的一种带条纹的织物。为了深入研究织编物的特性、用以指导在设计这一类织编物时所遇到的种种问题,我们有必要对织编物的组织结构进行研究。本文就织编物的厚度与经纬纱的细度,经纬纱的密度与用纱量之间的关系,织编物的几种基本组织结构及其经纬密度的配置,以及经纬向的强力与伸长,纱线复盖度与透光及透气性的问题一一作了研究,虽然这一工作仅仅是开始,但它有助于对这类新型织物的生产研究工作,以供这方面工作的同志参考。     

A Novel One-Dimensional Projection Based Method for Fabric Texture Representation

Automated defect detection in woven fabrics for quality control is still a challenging novelty detection problem,while the efficient representation of fabric texture is essential for it.This paper presents a novel method for fabric texture representation.Benefiting from the characteristics of the weaving process,the major texture information of woven fabric is concentrated in the warp and weft directions.Thus,the proposed method is firstly to project the image patch along warp and weft directions to obtain projected vectors containing warp and weft informations.Secondly,the obtained vectors instead of image patch,are used to extract the features that are able to represent fabric texture.Finally,the t-test is applied to verifying the usefulness of the proposed method in discriminating defective and normal fabric textures.The experiments on various defective samples demonstrate that the method yields a robust and good performance in representing fabric texture and discriminating defects.     

织物的类型及其组织元

本文对历史上出现过的现在存在的各类织物提出了新的分类法、织物可分成编织物和机织的两大类,两类之中又可根据参与织造的纱线系统来分,然后再根据其交织原理区把编织物分成环编,纠编、绞编,烧编、斜编等若干种,把机织物分为针织和梭织两类,前者包括纬编和经编;后者则包括平经和绞经。文中还提出了组织元的概念,作为一类织物的基本构成单元,它较目前所用的原组织概念更为基础。     

A Synchronous Electronic Let-off and Take-up Device

A synchronous electronic let-off and take-up device isdesigned.The device is controlled by a single-chipcomputer and driven by two step motors.It has somefunctions such as keeping the warp tension constant dur-ing the weaving instant,releasing the warp tension whenloom is stopping and straining warp when loom is start-ing.By means of these functions,the stop mark of thewoven fabrics is eliminated.In addition,this device canapply to weaving variant-pick-density fabrics.     

阻燃双层机织面料的研制

采用阻燃芳纶/粘胶混纺纱作为表经表纬,普通纯棉纱线作为里经里纬,设计并成功织造了五种表层阻燃、里层舒适的阻燃双层机织物试样.通过对试样进行阻燃性能测试,结果表明,五种试样的阻燃性能均达到GB 8965《阻燃防护服》的要求.对试样进行导水性、透湿性和透气性能测试,结果表明,五种试样的舒适性能都符合服用面料的要求.在今后的研究中,适当减小织物的克重、提高织物的经密,将能研制出更适合防护服要求的面料.     

织机电子送经和卷取控制系统的研制

研制了一种用步进电机驱动的同步电子送经和卷取控制系统。该控制系统在织造时使经纱保持张力稳定，并通过强大的控制程序来消除停车稀密路，该控制系统不但可以实现均匀卷取，还能织造变纬密织物，可用于特殊织物的开发。     

阻燃双层机织面料的设计及其性能研究

以3/1右斜纹为表组织,3/1左斜纹为里组织,设计了一种"下接上"接结双层组织。在此基础上采用芳纶或芳纶混纺纱作为表经表纬,天然纤维纱线作为里经里纬,设计并织造了两种表层阻燃、里层舒适的阻燃双层机织物试样。通过对试样进行阻燃性能测试,结果表明,两种试样的阻燃性能均达到阻燃要求。通过对试样进行导水性、透湿性和透气性能测试,结果表明,试样二的阻燃性能尽管较试样一稍差,但完全符合服用面料阻燃标准要求,且试样二克重较小,舒适性能明显优于试样一.     

基于织物自适应正交小波的疵点检测

应用织物自适应正交小波对织物疵点的检测和识别进行了分析,首先介绍了织物图像的小波分解算法和紧支撑正交小波,在此基础上提出了织物自适应小波的构造,由自适应小波对织物图像分解,然后对分解后的纬向和经向子图像提取特征,由特征什检测和识别疵点。实验证明了该方法对素色织物的常见疵点具有快速、准确的检测效果。     

Bending Hysteresis of Twill Woven Fabrics in Various Directions

This paper investigates the bending hysteresis of twill woven fabrics in various directions. In this research, existing models for the prediction of bending rigidity of woven fabrics are applied to bending hysteresis. Wide range of cotton twill woven fabrics is examined by comparing the theoretical data and experimental results. The results of this paper indicated that Peirce's, Shinohara et al's and Cooper's models can be applied to the prediction of bending hysteresis of twill woven fabrics. Besides, the results also show that ratio V, introduced by Cooper, of a cotton twill fabric is found to have the range between 0.8 and 1.4. The general shape of the polar diagram of bending hysteresis along the weft direction is spreading outwards with the increase in ratio V from the range 0.8 to 1. However, the general shape of bending hysteresis will collapse around the weft direction when ratio V is increased from 1 and 1.4.     

一种立体织机平行打纬机构的设计与优化

针对多层织物织造过程中,各层纬纱打纬力需保持一致以及需要减少钢筘与纱线之间摩擦的要求,提出八连杆平行打纬机构,并根据工艺要求对打纬机构进行优化。以打纬机构的主轴转动140°时,筘座在后心位置处的近似静止位移Δs最小为优化目标,通过Matlab软件分析确定设计变量,优化钢筘在后死心位置的近似停留时间。运动学仿真结果表明,优化后的打纬机构不仅保证了钢筘的打纬动程和其在后死心处的静止时间,而且增大了钢筘的惯性打纬力,有利于厚重织物的打纬。     

织造和染整加工前后精梳毛纱拉伸性能的关系

为了根据织造前纱线的拉伸性能和织造、后整理工艺预测织物的拉伸性能,研究了织造和染整加工前后精梳毛纱拉伸性能的关系,获得了三方面的结论:(1)经常规后整理加工的各种精梳毛织物中经纱的伸长变形能力没有显著差异,但其纬纱的伸长变形能力与织造和染整工艺有关。(2)坯布染色情况下织造前纱线的伸长变形曲线在伸长率方向扩大一定倍数以后与织物中纱线的伸长变形曲线相当。纱线染色情况下织造前纱线的伸长变形曲线的某一部分与织物中纱线的伸长变形曲线相当。(3)后整理加工中的经向张力和拉幅张力对精梳毛织物中纱线的伸长变形能力的影响特别大。树脂整理有降低织物变形特别是变形回复能力的作用。     

针织调整型束裤拉伸弹性与服装压关系

选择8种氨纶高弹经编针织面料,按调整型束裤标准款式以5档号型制作调整型束裤40条,进行调整型束裤穿着服装压试验及面料的拉伸弹性试验.经过分析得出与臀腹部特征部位服装压相关关系显著的面料弹性指标,包括单次及5次拉伸弹性回复率、横向断裂强力、横向断裂功等,及其与服装压的定量关系.讨论了束裤臀腹部服装压与宽裕率、面料拉伸力的相关关系,得出穿着舒适美体的服装压对应面料拉伸伸长率及拉伸力值,对调整型束裤设计生产中的面料拉伸弹性选择有一定的参考意义.     

Characterization of Deformations of Multiaxial Warp Knitted Fabrics during Forming Process

The typical structure(with four inserting yarn systems) of multi-axial warp knitted fabrics shows unsatisfactory conformability according to hemisphere pressing experi-ments.The structure containing only two bias inserting yarn systems(TBMWK fabric),however,proves to possess good conformability.This paper characterized in detail the forming behavior of TBMWK fabric.It was found that the two bias inserting yarn systems tend to gather always along the weft direction,and the angles between them along this direction are basically linear to the perpendicular distances from the measured points to the longitudinal axis of the hemisphere.And the     

三维机织物增强复合材料板材的研制

以玻璃纤维为原料,试织了4种结构的三维机织物,并采用手糊成型工艺制成三维机织物增强的复合材料板材,测试并分析了4种复合材料板材的拉伸性能和层间剪切性能.研究表明:织物的结构对拉伸力学性能的影响主要是织物内部纱线的屈曲程度和垂纱的贡献,对层间剪切性能的影响主要取决于垂纱参与层间连接的程度.     

经编双轴向织物用作涂层基布的性能优势

分别对经编双轴向织物和机织物增强材料的涂层产品进行拉伸和撕裂试验，研究了经编双轴向织物用作涂层基布时的一些性能优势：优异的拉伸性能和抗撕裂性能；较高的纱线强力利用率等等。     

Effect of Knitting Process on Elastic Property of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)/Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) Warp Knitted Fabric

This study investigated the elastic elongation and elastic recovery of the elastic warp knitted fabric made of polyethylene terephthalate( PET) and polybutylene terephthalate( PBT)filament. The effect of knitting parameter on the elasticity of PBT /PET warp knitted fabric was analyzed. The increase of drawing density( from 16 to 26 courses per centimeter( CPC)) on machine resulted in the decrease of elongation at the weft direction. But,the elongation at the warp direction fluctuated as drawing density increasing. The yarn run-in speed influenced the elongation of PET /PBT warp knitted fabric as well. When the yarn run-in speed of GB1( front bar) was kept a constant,the increase of GB2( back bar) yarn run-in speed caused the gradual enhancement of the elastic elongation at the warp direction,but the different trends of the elastic elongation at the weft direction. When yarn run-in speed of GB2 was kept a constant,the increase of GB1 yarn run-in speed enlarged the elastic warp elongation from 104.16 to 124.97 mm,while the weft elongation decreased from 110.34 to 98.03 mm.Eventually yarn run-in speeds of GB1 and GB2 were retained at1 360 and 1 170 mm / rack respectively under 20 CPC drawing density. It could not only balance the two directions of elongation but also reach the highest elongation at both directions( 126. 32 and115.88 mm) under 100 N tension. These results provide a better understanding of characteristics of PET / PBT warp knitted fabric,and its elastic elongation and recovery behavior for development and effective applications.     

连续玄武岩纤维衬垫织物复合材料及其拉伸性能

在电脑横机上分别编织了连续玄武岩纤维变化纬平针和不同垫纱比的衬垫织物4种预制件.通过真空辅助树脂转移模塑成型(VARTM)技术制成复合材料,测试其纵、横向拉伸性能.结果表明衬垫纱的浮线可以明显提高织物的横向拉伸性能,为玄武岩纤维及纬编增强复合材料的生产设计和应用提供依据.