面向属性的粗集数据挖掘方法研究

指出粗集理论的主要思想是在保持分类能力不变的情况下,利用等价类,通过属性约简和决策规则约简,达到挖掘知识并简化知识的目的.但约简问题是一个NP问题,只能通过启发式算法实现.针对这一问题,提出了属性约简和决策规则约简的启发式算法,构成了一个基于粗集理论的挖掘集成算法.最后通过实例表明,该集成算法能够以较高的效率发现良好的分类规则.     

基于决策表的粗糙集属性约简算法改进及应用

针对决策属性集合中只存在两个决策集合的情况,为简化决策属性的表达和计算复杂度,提高约简效率,提出一种改进粗糙集决策表的属性约简算法。该算法以条件属性对决策属性的支持度为基础,采用新的约简规则,基于可分辨矩阵的启发式算法,根据属性重要度改进属性约简算法。以高新技术企业智力资本测量指标体系为例,得到了高新技术企业智力资本的最小约简集。结果表明,该约简算法能够得到一个完备的最小约简集,并能显著提高求解约简集的效率。     

一种基于关联规则的缺省规则挖掘算法

传统的基于Rough集的缺省规则挖掘算法须计算差别矩阵并生成大量的条件属性类，挖掘效率低．为此，本文引入相容关联规则和决策关联规则的概念，提出基于关联规则的缺省规则挖掘算法——DRMBAR，该算法借助FP-tree存储结构挖掘出决策关联规则，并用相容关联规则性质对决策关联规则进行有效修剪后生成相应的缺省规则,DRMBAR可有效地过滤噪声、提高缺省规则挖掘效率，且克服了传统算法依赖于主存的限制，为缺省规则的挖掘提供了一种新的框架。实验结果表明该算法是有效且可行的。     

基于蚁群优化的分类规则挖掘方法

蚁群优化是人工智能领域中群体智能分支之一,已成功地应用于复杂优化问题的求解,但其在知识发现领域的应用还是一个新的研究课题。在此提出一种新的基于蚁群优化的分类规则挖掘方法,先利用蚁群算法通过对属性约简简化数据集,再使用蚁群算法进行分类规则的挖掘,并用新的规则剪枝方法,提高了分类算法的效率和准确率。实验表明该方法是有效的。     

一种基于反区分矩阵的多维关联规则挖掘方法

针对多维数据集的关联规则挖掘,提出了一种基于反区分矩阵的方法.首先由数据集同步得出区分矩阵和反区分矩阵,然后根据区分矩阵进行属性约简,再根据反区分矩阵找出约简后的频繁项集,最后给出关联规则.通过区分矩阵和反区分矩阵将属性约简和关联规则挖掘联系起来,减少了计算步骤,且算法只需扫描数据集一次,避免了繁琐的连接操作.应用实例表明该算法是一种合理有效的关联规则挖掘方法.     

基于频繁模式树的关联分类规则挖掘算法

构建精确而有效的分类器是数据挖掘和机器学习中的一个重要任务．提出了一种基于频繁模式树的关联分类规则挖掘算法,该算法同时考虑所有属性,并对现有关联分类规则挖掘算法中内存要求高、类别属性处理难、I／O访问次数多等问题提出了相应的解决方案．试验结果表明,该方法可以取得比同样基于关联规则的分类算法CMAR更高的执行效率以及基于规则的决策树分类算法C4．5更好的分类效果．     

决策代价约简求解中的交叉验证策略

属性约简是粗糙集理论中的核心问题,其目的是剔除冗余属性以找到具有较好泛化能力的属性子集.在决策粗糙集理论中,决策代价经常被作为属性约简的约束条件.但值得注意的是,虽然基于决策代价的约简求解算法可以有效地降低训练样本集上的总决策代价,但其往往忽视了测试样本集上的总决策代价.为解决这一问题,利用交叉验证的基本思想,设计了以决策代价为约束条件的一种新的属性约简求解算法.在八个UCI数据集上的实验结果表明,相较于传统基于决策代价的约简求解算法,所提算法不仅能有效地降低训练集合和测试集合的总决策代价,而且找出的属性子集亦可以带来更好的分类性能.     

基于数据库约简的关联规则挖掘算法

通过对Apriori算法挖掘过程进行分析，提出了一种基于数据库约简的关联规则挖掘算法．该算法利用每趟挖掘中一些非频繁项集的超集、并集，逐步约简事务数据库中的事务，提高了关联规则的挖掘效率．在这些非频繁项集的基础上建立了数据库约简的定理和推论，并在Apriori算法的基础上设计了ApioriNEW算法．经过对算法进行分析和实验，算法ApioriNEW的挖掘效率比较高．一般情况下，平均可将挖掘效率提高约30%．ApioriNEW算法特别适合大型数据库的关联规则挖掘，已应用在网络故障诊断专家系统的知识获取中．     

基于粗糙集理论的模糊C-means高维数据聚类算法

模糊C-means算法是一种重要的聚类分析算法,但是在数据维数较高的情况下,该算法计算量急剧上升从而导致其效率较低.针对这一问题,提出了一种基于粗糙集理论的模糊C-means高维数据聚类算法,该算法在传统模糊C-means算法的基础上引入了粗糙集属性约简的理念,通过对数据集属性的约简,提取出对分类影响较大的属性集而摒弃与分类无关的属性,进而在聚类过程中只计算属性约简结果集中的属性,从而减少聚类过程的工作量、提高聚类效率.理论分析和实验结果表明,该算法在处理高维数据时较高效.     

基于RS的GMDH神经网络在空袭目标识别中的应用

针对目标属性识别的特点,建立了基于粗糙集(Rough Sets, RS)的数据分组处理(Group Method of Data Handling, GMDH)神经网络分类模型.该模型较好地解决了采用高维数据集训练神经网络效率低,神经网络结构规模较大的问题.同时为了提高高维数据集合的属性约简效率,改进了集合近似质量属性约简算法.最后,通过与BP(Back-Propagation, BP)神经网络分类能力的仿真对比,结果表明,基于粗糙集的数据分组处理神经网络分类模型分类能力优于BP神经网络模型,满足现代防空作战对目标属性识别的需求,基于快速求核和集合近似质量的属性约简算法快速有效.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with