High-performance flexural fatigue of carbon nanotube yarns

Carbon nanotube yarns(CNTY)possess good specific strength and specific conductivity.As such,their potential for commercial applications is significant.Fatigue performance is a significant consideration in yarn/wire applications.In this study,the flexural fatigue performance of CNTY spun from super-aligned carbon nanotube arrays was investigated using a reversed bending test.The results showed that CNTY exhibited excellent resistance to pure flexural fatigue,significantly outperforming stainless steel wire;CNTY failed where a combination of flexural fatigue and tension–tension fatigue had special hollow fracture morphology,and CNTY resistance remained fundamentally unchanged in the combination fatigue process.     

High-performance flexural fatigue of carbon nanotube yarns

Carbon nanotube yarns (CNTY) possess good specific strength and specific conductivity. As such, their potential for commercial applications is significant. Fatigue performance is a significant consideration in yarn/wire applications. In this study, the flexural fatigue performance of CNTY spun from super-aligned carbon nanotube arrays was investigated using a reversed bending test. The results showed that CNTY exhibited excellent resistance to pure flexural fatigue, significantly outperforming stainless steel wire; CNTY failed where a combination of flexural fatigue and tension–tension fatigue had special hollow fracture morphology, and CNTY resistance remained fundamentally unchanged in the combination fatigue process.     

Microst ructure andflexural properties of carbon/ca rbon composite with in-situ grown carbon nanotube as secondary reinforcement

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were in-situ grown in carbon felts using ferric chloride as catalyst and natural gas as carbon precursor via thermal gradient chemical vapor infiltration (TGCVI). Subsequently, the carbon felts were densified to obtain CNT reinforced carbon/carbon (C/C) composites in the same furnace. Effects of CNTs on the microstructure and flexural property of C/C composites were investigated by polarized light microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and universal mechanical testing machine. The results of PLM observation and Raman analysis showed that CNTs have two-sided effects on the microstructure of pyrocarbon: the pyrocarbons in the region without CNTs show medium texture; while, in the region full of CNTs, the microstructure was low-textured or even isotropic though the TGCVD conditions would lead to the deposition of pure low texture pyrocarbons. Analysis based on stress-strain curves demonstrated that the flexural strength increased first and then decreased with the CNT content increasing. When the CNT content was 5.23 wt%, the flexural strength was maximum and had a nearly 35% improvement compared with pure C/C composite. Besides, after adding CNTs, the flexural modulus of the composites decreased and the ductility increased obviously, indicating CNTs can toughen C/C composites.     

竹浆纤维纱线芯吸行为的研究

研究几种竹浆纤维纱线包括环锭纱、紧密纱和MVS(Murata vortex spun)纱的芯吸性能,讨论了纱线结构、捻度和线密度对芯吸高度的影响.结果表明,几种竹浆纤维纱线的芯吸行为相似,纱线结构对芯吸性能影响显著,而线密度对芯吸的影响不明显并和纱线结构有关.对于给定的任意线密度,在给定的捻度范围内,竹浆纤维环锭纱和紧密纱的芯吸平衡高度随纱线捻度的增加而降低.     

In situ small angle X-ray scattering investigation of the thermal expansion and related structural information of carbon nanotube composites

In-situ thermal expansion tests on a series of carbon nanotube bucky-paper composites were performed with direct heating within a synchrotron SAXS source. The impact of the samples density and morphology as well as the chemistry and degree of decoration of the carbon nanotubes on the scattering patterns were investigated and correlated to the materials macro-properties. The results demonstrate that simple densification techniques, such as acetone dipping or gold electroless deposition, could reduce greatly the displacements of the carbon nanotubes within the structure and lead to more thermally stable material.     

Carbon nanotube and conducting polymer composites for supercapacitors

Composites of carbon nanotubes and conducting polymers can be prepared via chemical synthesis, electrochemical deposition on preformed carbon nanotube electrodes, or by electrochemical co-deposition. The composites combine the large pseudocapacitance of the conducting polymers with the fast charging/discharging double-layer capacitance and excellent mechanical properties of the carbon nanotubes. The electrochemically co-deposited composites are the most homogeneous and show an unusual interaction between the polymer and nanotubes, giving rise to a strengthened electron delocalisation and conjugation along the polymer chains. As a result they exhibit excellent electrochemical charge storage properties and fast charge/discharge switching, making them promising electrode materials for high Dower suDercapacitors.     

单根碳纳米管的低温电输运性质

报道了单根碳纳米管的低温电输运测量结果,特别关注了由于碳纳米管在长度方向的尺寸较小时产生的库仑阻塞性质,碳纳米管的低温电输运出现了零偏置反常和库仑振荡。因此碳纳米管在小的尺寸和低温时不仅出现能量量子化而且可以出现电荷量子化-量子点的行为。     

轴压作用下双层碳纳米管屈曲问题的理论分析

考虑双层碳纳米管层间范德华力和弹性介质的作用,利用弹性梁理论,建立了轴压作用下弹性介质中碳纳米管屈曲问题的理论分析模型,并给出了相应的临界屈曲应力。     

Analytical optimization for field emission of carbon nanotube array

To optimize field emission （FE） property of carbon nanotube （CNT） array on a planar cathode surface, the Fowler-Nordheim formula has been used to discuss the maximum of the emission current density with the floating sphere model in this paper. The emission current density is dominating as the analytical Fowler-Nordheim function of the intertube distance, and the maximum of the emission current density is deduced and discussed. The results indicate that the intertube distance in CNT array critically affects the field enhancement factor and the emission current density, whose maximum occurs at the intertube distance approximating a tenth of the tube height. Considering the emission current density and the field enhancement factor, the FE can be optimized analytically when the intertube distance is about a tenth of the tube height.     

低温催化裂解烷烃法制备碳纳米管

实验发现，甲烷可在较低温度（７２３Ｋ）下，在一种Ｎｉ催化剂上分解生成碳纳米管．透射电镜测试结果显示，通过此法制得的碳纤维几乎都具有管状结构．碳纳米管的外径，管长及产率明显地受催化剂的结构、性能，反应温度和原料气流速所支配．将所制得的产物浸泡在稀硝酸溶液中，溶去催化剂颗粒，经水洗，并于４７３Ｋ温度下烘干，可达到将碳纳米管产物与催化剂分离、纯化的目的．     

预应力混凝土受弯构件疲劳损伤全过程非线性分析

基于唯象观点对混凝土和钢筋分别采用疲劳弯曲受压变形模量和钢筋面积这两种宏观物理量作为损伤量度．在正截面应力分析的基础上。提出了一种考虑钢筋和混凝土两种材料耦合作用的非线性疲劳损伤全过程分析方法．该方法可以考虑由于组成材料损伤机制不同而造成的疲劳损伤过程中的应力重分布现象,并且适用于交幅重复应力作用的情况．通过分段线性的方法实现了混凝土构件的非线性损伤过程分析．计算结果表明,该方法能够较好地对预应力混凝土受弯构件进行疲劳全过程分析．     

碳纳米管复合材料的有效热导率

考虑到碳纳米管的空间取向分布特征,建立了碳纳米管复合材料的有效热导率模型。根据Maxwell理论,推导出了计算碳纳米管复合材料有效热导率的简单公式。应用实例表明,该模型能够很好地解释在碳纳米管纳米流体中观察到的热导率异常增加现象,还可以用来分析纳米管复合材料的渗流性质,而且理论计算结果与实验结果吻合较好。     

机场与公路钢纤维混凝土弯拉疲劳方程分析

通过有关混凝土和钢纤维混凝土弯拉疲劳试验结果的分析对比 ,阐明钢纤维混凝土弯拉疲劳强度的主要影响因素和变化趋势 ,并本着与现行有关规范相匹配的原则 ,建立和验证了机场和公路钢纤维混凝土弯拉疲劳方程 ,为正在编制的《纤维混凝土技术规程》提供依据和参考     

钢筋混凝土受弯构件正截面疲劳性能数值模拟

为了分析钢筋混凝土受弯构件在疲劳荷载作用下正截面力学性能随着时间不断变化的过程,用条带法数值模拟疲劳破坏的整个过程.在已有的钢筋和混凝土轴心疲劳本构关系基础上,根据粘结应力分布规律推导出平均截面的材料本构关系,运用条带法分析钢筋混凝土受弯构件的疲劳性能,编制程序进行计算,程序计算结果与疲劳试验结果进行比较.数值模拟和试验结果表明:受压区高度及混凝土和钢筋的应变发展呈现两阶段规律,随着疲劳荷载次数的增加混凝土和钢筋的应力、应变发生重分布现象;程序和试验结果吻合较好.用编制的程序分析钢筋混凝土受弯构件的疲劳性能具有一定的精度,可部分代替冗长、昂贵的疲劳试验.     

Fabrication and characterization of patterned carbon nanotube flow sensor cell

Patterned flow sensor cell consisting of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) network and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) are fabricated, based on the process of vacuum filtration, photolithography, and plasma etching. The sensor cell is a composite thin film and packaged to form a flow sensor, and then tested in different flow rates with different liquids, such as deionized (DI) water and NaCl solution. The induced-voltage increases with increasing flowing velocity and liquid concentration. The relation between induced-voltage and sensor cell conductivity is tested in the same liquid at the same flow rate. The higher the conductivity is, the higher the induced-voltage is. Some of the SWCNTs are fixed in the PDMS matrix, simultaneously some of them protrude above the composite thin film, which are exposed to the liquid and contribute to the voltage generation. The fabrication method can make the flow sensor scaled down to dimensions on the order of micrometers, which makes it suitable in very small liquid volumes.     

Voltammetric Response of Epinephrine at Carbon Nanotube Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode and Activated Glassy Carbon Electrode

0Introduction Epinephrine(EP)isanimportantcate cholamineneurotransmitterinthemammaliancentralnervoussystem,whichissecretedbythesu prarenalglandalongwithnorepinephrine.Itisgen erallyusedtotreathypertension,bronchialasthma,organicheartdisease,andincardiacsurgeryand myocardialinfarction[1].VariousmethodshavebeendevelopedforEPstudy,suchascapillaryelectro phoresis(CE)[2],highperformanceliquidchroma tography(HPLC)andflowinjectionanalysis(FIA)[3].Numerousobservationsontheelectro chemicalbehavio…     

碳纳米管修饰电极伏安法测定茶碱

以碳纳米管修饰碳圆盘微电极为工作电极,铂丝为对电极,Ag/AgCl电极为参比电极,研究了茶碱在碳纳米管修饰电极上的电化学行为,化学修饰电极与裸电极相比,电流响应明显提高。在0.01 mol.L-1的硫酸溶液中-0.4 V的电压富集30 s,阳极化扫描,在1.1 V处有一灵敏的氧化峰,氧化峰电流和茶碱浓度在5.0×10-6~1.0×10-4 mol.L-1范围呈良好的线性关系,检测限为6×10-7 mol.L-1。对5.0×10-5 mol.L-1茶碱进行了6次的连续重复测定,相对标准偏差为1.79%,表明修饰电极稳定性良好,表面易于更新。此法用于茶叶样品中茶碱含量的测定结果满意。     

纳米碳管/水泥基复合材料的阻尼及力学性能

以水泥为基体、多壁纳米碳管为增强组分,采用表面活性剂超声分散法,浇注成型制备了5组多壁纳米碳管/水泥阻尼自增强复合材料(FRCs)。在一弹性自由支撑体系中采用锤击自由衰减法初步探讨了FRCs的阻尼性能,随后采用三点弯曲法测试了FRCs的抗弯折强度,并对其阻尼及力学增强的微观机理进行了探讨。结果表明：相比于参比试件,掺有纳米碳管的FRCs试件的阻尼比及抗弯折强度均得到一定的提高,增幅分别达24.5%、35.98%。FRCs表现出较好的耗能及增韧能力主要归因于硅灰的微填充与界面效应和多壁纳米碳管的微纳米填充桥联、相互界面层间内摩擦及弹塑性波动效应。     

多巴胺在多壁碳纳米管修饰电极上的电化学行为

采用循环伏安法、微分脉冲伏安法、计时安培法研究多巴胺（DA）在多壁碳纳米管修饰电极上的电化学行为,计算得到了多壁碳纳米管修饰电极有效面积Aeff以及DA电化学氧化过程的一些重要参数.实验结果显示,本实验条件下DA在碳纳米管修饰电极上的氧化反应受吸附过程控制.微分脉冲伏安结果显示,催化氧化峰电流与DA浓度在5×10-5 mol/L至5×10-7 mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限达4.0×10-8 mol/L（S/N=3）.