Catastrophe mechanism and classification of discontinuity behavior in thermal science (I)

The mechanism of discontinuity behavior has important significance in the study of thermal science, such as fire, combustion, explosion and heat transfer. This sort of discontinuity behavior and the catastrophe caused by system nonlinearity may be equivalently classified according to the catastrophe model promulgated by catastrophe theory. Under the conditions of uniform temperature and thermal isolation, the self-ignition behavior of a Semenov System can be viewed as a result of the fold catastrophe of the system.     

Catastrophe mechanism & classification of discontinuity behavior in thermal science (Ⅰ) --Fold catastrophe

The mechanism of discontinuity behavior has important significance in the study of thermal science,such as fire,combustion,explosion and heat transfer.This sort of discontinuity behavior and the catastrophe caused by system nonlinearity may be equivalently classified according to the catastrophe model promulgated by catastrophe theory.Under the conditions of uniform temperature and thermal isolation,the self-ignition behavior of a Semenov System can be viewed as a result of the fold catastrophe of the system.     

Catastrophe mechanism and classification of discontinuity behavior in thermal science (Ⅱ) -- Cusp catastrophe

The catastrophe mechanisms of thermal performance characteristics of the firebox gas combustion system were analyzed from the viewpoint of catastrophe theory. The mathematical models of cusp catastrophe were established. The relationship between the thermal performance characteristics and the changing of system control variables was studied. The cusp catastrophe mechanisms of typical performance characteristics, such as kicking and lagging, and those of transition from quenching to igniting were explained. It was illustrated that discontinuity behavior of thermal systems with an "S" motion feature curve and lagging feature may be equivalently classified according to the topology of cusp catastrophe, influenced by two groups of independent control variables.     

地下工程围岩稳定性分类的突变级数法研究

提出基于突变级数理论的地下工程围岩稳定性分类的评价方法.根据突变级数理论,对影响地下工程围岩稳定性的因素(包括岩石质量指标、岩石单轴饱和抗压强度、完整性系数、结构面强度系数和地下水渗水量)进行多层次分解,对数据进行归一化处理,结合突变理论与模糊数学理论,进行综合量化运算,得到最后的评价类别.利用广州抽水蓄能电站一期工程的12个实测数据和插值法得到的18个学习样本,建立地下工程围岩稳定性分级的突变级数模型,并用于电站二期工程22处围岩的稳定性分类中.研究结果表明,突变级数法的判别结果比较符合实际,并与人工神经网络法、支持向量机法判别结果较一致,为地下工程围岩稳定性分类提供了一种新方法.     

突变理论在区域性黄土工程特性评价中的应用

随着人类工程活动的发展,人们逐渐认识到岩土体的变形破坏及其演化过程中受到多种相互影响的因素的制约,表现为一种非线性过程,已经不能用传统线性规律去考虑了。正因为如此,非线性科学迅速在岩土工程领域中得到广泛应用。本文以区域性黄土为例,运用非线性科学中的突变理论分析其特殊的工程特性。     

转子系统故障发展过程的突变

介绍了突变故障的几何描述与突变特征,分析了机械系统故障发生的机理,采用非线性理论与突变理论,对突变故障和系统振动状态突变进行了数学描述·建立了分岔集方程,由分岔集方程得出了振幅产生突变的临界值,当激励幅值越过该临界值时,会导致振动状态突变,而诱发机械系统的突发性故障,故其临界值可用来诊断与预测机械系统的突变现象,以便采取有效措施来限制故障的发生和发展·     

碱式苯甲酸铜的流变相合成及其热分解研究

用流变相反应法由碱式碳酸铜和苯甲酸合成了碱式苯甲酸铜配合物，通过元素分析、红外光谱及X射线粉末衍射表征了它的结构，用热重分析研究了它在氩气气氛中的热分解过程，并探讨了其热解机理。     

复杂性科学与思想政治教育现代化的方法论创新

思想政治教育现代化是思想政治教育观念、内容、目标、运行机制、队伍、技术路径等由传统形态向现代形态的革命性转变和整体性发展,是一个极为复杂的过程。在复杂性科学或复杂性思维的理论视角下,推进思想政治教育现代化,必须实现思想政治教育的整体性思维、生成性思维、非线性思维以及开放性思维的方法论创新。     

发展科学卫星的管理复杂性

 发展科学卫星具有重要的意义,但由于科学卫星的特点,发展科学卫星面临着许多管理复杂性问题,采用传统的系统工程与项目管理方法并不能取得良好的效果。在分析科学卫星的特点、总结中国科学院空间科学先导专项实践经验的基础上,提出了处理科学卫星管理复杂性问题的思路与对策。     

论我国巨灾保险立法的历程、现状与改进

梳理了我国保险立法的演进过程,评析政府和学术界所作的理论研究和改进,提出我国巨灾保险立法时机已成熟,未来的巨灾保险立法体系应有专门的巨灾保险法律,辅之以多项巨灾保险法规。巨灾保险立法应体现巨灾保险的强制性。     

我国巨灾保险法律制度研究现状及展望

近年来,我国重大自然灾害频发,造成了巨大的人员伤亡和财产损失。在财政救助、民间捐赠有限,传统保险法的运作机制也无法有效应对的背景下,探索和制定适合我国国情的巨灾保险法律制度,为现实所必要且必需。当前我国巨灾保险法律体系的基础建设已经起步,但还十分薄弱;学界对巨灾保险法律制度的研究还处于朦胧的认识阶段,成果较少,重视不够。对已有成果的研究内容、思路、方法进行了初步整理,提出了我国巨灾保险法律制度研究的方向和重点。     

邻苯二甲酸盐(Sr2+)的制备及热分解反应研究

合成了邻苯二甲酸盐(Sr^2 )，用热重(TG)和示差扫描量热(DSC)法研究了邻苯二甲酸盐的热分解过程．一水合邻苯二甲酸锶的热分解过程分为4个阶段：在57～140℃脱水生成无水盐；在510～610℃分解生成Sr3(C8H4O4)(CO3)2；在610～860℃分解生成Sr3O2CO3；在860—1390℃分解生成单质Sr．分解的气相产物有邻苯二甲酸酐，9，10—蒽醌和CO2，     

科技安全预警机制的建立及完善

 建立科技安全预警机制,是加快科技安全预警监测体系建设的重要举措。分析了科技安全预警的本质内涵,认为建立科技安全预警机制是保障科技产业安全的现实需要、提升科技产出效益的重要途径、激发科技创新能力的有效手段;建立科技安全预警机制应遵循目的性、系统性、科学性原则;从科技安全预警的目标确定、信息搜集、分析识别、评价反馈以及绩效评估等5方面探索了建立科技安全预警机制的方法途径,从组织机制、运行机制以及政策法规3方面提出了建立科技安全预警机制的建议。     

图式流形G(10,1)和G(10,7)同胚分类的下界

求出了图式流形G(10,1)和G(10,7)伴随矩阵不同特征多项式的个数分别为20369和20370,从而得到它们同胚分类的下界分别为20369和20370.     

Cu(II)草酰胺衍生物热分解动力学研究

利用TG DTG DTA热分析技术 ,研究了N ,N’ 双 (氨烷基 )草酰胺合铜 (II)配合物在动态空气气氛中的热稳定性 ;结合微分法 (Achar法 )和积分法 (Coats Redfen法 )协同处理非等温TG数据 ,通过对比热分解动力学参数E和lnA ,提出了配合物热分解反应机理 ;并由动力学补偿效应获得了E与lnA的数学表达式     

Electrochemical behavior of novel bis (aliphatic amine) ruthenium (II) and osmium (II) porphyrins

Bis (aliphatic amine) ruthenium (II) and osmium (II) porphyrins, M (Por)-(H₂NR)₂ and M(Por)(HNR′₂)₂, [M=Ru and Os; Por=meso-tetrakis (p-tolyl) porphyrinato (TTP), meso-tetrakis (4-chlorophenyl) porphyrinato (4-Cl-TPP), meso-tetrakis (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) porphyrinato (3, 5-Cl-TPP) and meso—tetraphenyl porphyrinato(TPP); R=methyl, ethyl, iso-propyl and t-butyl; R′=methyl and ethyl] were synthesized by us. The electrochemical behavior of these complexes in 1, 2-dichloroethane with TBABF₄ as supporting electrolyte, has been studied by cyclic voltammetry and controlled potential electrolysis. Bis (aliphatic amine) ruthenium (II) porphyrins under go reversible one-electron oxidation and one-electron reduction processes in 1,2-dichloroethane solution. The osmium (II) analogues is shown two oxidation couples III and V, an additional small wave IV. The redox potentials of these complexes are markedly dependent on the nature of the substituent bound to the phenyl group of the porphyrin ring. It is obvious that redox potentials increases the electron-withdrawing power of the substituents increases. The couple I was found at −0.34, −0.23 and −0.15 V vs Cp₂ Fe^+/0 (Cp₂Fe=ferrocene) for Ru(TPP)(H₂NBu-t)₂, Ru(4-Cl-TPP) (H₂NBu-t)₂ and Ru(3,5-Cl-TPP)(H₂NBu-t)₂ respectively. Supported by the foundation of the Chinese Education Commission Li Zaoying: born in 1949, Associate Professor     

科学教育(综合理科)师资培养途径的初探

在师范院校创办“科学教育专业”是培养大量合格科学教育师资的最有效的途径。而培养一大批能胜任综合理科教育的教师,是成功推行综合理科教育的关键。本文对目前在师范院校创办“科学教育专业”的必要性进行了详细的分析。并对科学课程(综合理科)师资的培养途径进行了探索。     

Electrochemical behavior of novel bis (aliphatic amine) ruthenium (II) and osmium (II) porphyrins

Bis (aliphatic amine) ruthenium (II) and osmium (II) porphyrins, M (Por)-(H₂NR)₂ and M(Por)(HNR′₂)₂, [M=Ru and Os; Por=meso-tetrakis (p-tolyl) porphyrinato (TTP), meso-tetrakis (4-chlorophenyl) porphyrinato (4-Cl-TPP), meso-tetrakis (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) porphyrinato (3, 5-Cl-TPP) and meso—tetraphenyl porphyrinato(TPP); R=methyl, ethyl, iso-propyl and t-butyl; R′=methyl and ethyl] were synthesized by us. The electrochemical behavior of these complexes in 1, 2-dichloroethane with TBABF₄ as supporting electrolyte, has been studied by cyclic voltammetry and controlled potential electrolysis. Bis (aliphatic amine) ruthenium (II) porphyrins under go reversible one-electron oxidation and one-electron reduction processes in 1,2-dichloroethane solution. The osmium (II) analogues is shown two oxidation couples III and V, an additional small wave IV. The redox potentials of these complexes are markedly dependent on the nature of the substituent bound to the phenyl group of the porphyrin ring. It is obvious that redox potentials increases the electron-withdrawing power of the substituents increases. The couple I was found at −0.34, −0.23 and −0.15 V vs Cp₂ Fe^+/0 (Cp₂Fe=ferrocene) for Ru(TPP)(H₂NBu-t)₂, Ru(4-Cl-TPP) (H₂NBu-t)₂ and Ru(3,5-Cl-TPP)(H₂NBu-t)₂ respectively. Supported by the foundation of the Chinese Education Commission Li Zaoying: born in 1949, Associate Professor     

两个新的镍和铜配位聚合物的合成与表征

通过 1,4 二 (1 H 苯并三氮唑基 )丁烷 (L)与KSCN和Ni(NO3 ) 2 ·6H2 O或L与Cu(CH3 COO) 2 ·2H2 O自组装得到了两个配位聚合物 过元素分析 ,IR ,UV和热分析确定它们的化学式分别为 [NiL2 (NCS) 2 ]n(a)和[CuL(CH3 COO) 2 ]n(b) .     

Hydrothermal synthesis and thermal decomposition mechanism of alkaline earth benzoates

Alkaline earth benzoates were synthesized using hydrothermal reaction. The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, X-ray powder diffraction. All of them are monoclinic and have layered structure. The mechanism of thermal decomposition of alkaline earth benzoates was studied by using TG, DTA, IR and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The thermal decomposition of alkaline earth benzoates in nitrogen proceeded in one or two stages: they decomposed to form MCO₃ (M=Ca, Sr, Ba) or MgO and organic compounds, respectively. The organic compounds obtained from decomposition reaction are mainly benzophenone, triphenylmethane and so on. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Zhang Keli: born in 1944, Associate professor