动载荷对Zr基非晶合金玻璃化转变及晶化过程影响

采用DMA研究了动态加载条件下Zr62Al8Ni13Cu17大块非晶合金的玻璃化转变和晶化过程，并与无外载荷时相比较，结果表明外加动载荷会缩短晶化孕育期，促进晶化。此外，通过TEM观察加载大小及频率对晶相的影响，发现在一定范围内降低加载频率会导致模量显著下降并促进非晶晶化，加载频率及载荷的大小影响析出晶粒的形状及尺寸。     

Micro-alloying of yttrium in Zr-based bulk metallic glasses

The effect of yttrium addition on the glass-forming ability(GFA) and mechanical properties of the Zr-based (Zr_(0.525)Al_(0.1)Ti_(0.05)Cu_(0.179)Ni_(0.146))_(100-x)Y_x and(Zr_(0.55)Al_(0.15)Ni_(0.1)Cu_(0.2))_(100-x)Y_x(x=0,0.2,0.4 0.6,1,2) alloys was studied.Micro-alloying of 0.6%yttrium enhances the room temperature ductility as well as the GFA of the Zr-based alloys.The mechanism of enhancing the GFA and room temperature ductility was analyzed.It is indicated that proper yttrium addition stabilizes the...     

Micro-alloying of yttrium in Zr-based bulk metallic glasses

ZnO/Ag/Glass films were prepared by a DC magnetron sputtering system,which exhibit both excellent properties of high conductivity and high transparency.Moreover,an enhancement of transmission of ZnO films was observed after brought into contact to a silver layer,but the understanding of experimental findings for the enhancement of transmission was insufficient.Therefore,the first-principles simulations of electrical and optical properties were utilized using the density functional theory with local-densi...     

块体非晶合金的研究进展

块体非晶合金具有比各种传统材料更为优异的物理、化学、力学性能及精密成型性,因而一直是材料科学与物理研究的热点。本文分析讨论了该领域中存在的一些基本的问题,并从成分结构条件、热力学条件、动力学条件等方面阐述了块体非晶合金的形成机制,介绍了块体非晶合金优异的性能和应用前景,并扼要介绍了块体非晶合金未来的发展趋势及方向。     

非晶态Fe-Zr-B-Dy合金的制备与磁热性能

非晶态磁热合金材料可以在很宽的温度范围内实现较大的磁制冷容量,其中铁基非晶态磁热合金因其具有近室温的磁熵变区间和低廉的成本受到广泛关注.本文通过感应熔炼铜辊甩带的方法成功制备出了一系列Fe_89?xZr₇B₄Dy_x(x=1,2,3,4)非晶态合金,并对其非晶形成能力和磁热性能进行了系统测试和分析.随着Dy含量的增加,该合金的玻璃形成能力得到改善,居里温度从296 K增加到334 K.磁熵变峰值和制冷能力也随着Dy含量的增加单调增长,在3 T的外加磁场下,Fe85Zr7B4Dy4合金的最大磁熵变达到了2.45 J K^?1 kg^?1,制冷能力为235 J kg^?1,相对于三元Fe-Zr-B体系,同一磁场下的磁熵变峰值提高60%以上.该非晶态合金原材料成本低廉,其磁热性能随着成分变化可以调控,居里温度远低于玻璃转变温度,能够保证材料在使用过程中的结构稳定性,有成为近室温的磁制冷工质的潜力.     

Cu基块状非晶合金微观结构的特点及组织演化

采用水冷铜坩埚-铜模吸铸法成功制备了底部直径10 mm、长度80 mm的Cu50Zr42Al8圆锥形块体非晶试样.利用X射线衍射,光学显微镜和SEM、TEM等测试手段对圆锥形试样轴向和径向微观结构的特点和微观组织的演变进行了研究.结果表明,由于冷却速率的不同,圆锥形试样的显微组织由表面非晶区、中心等轴晶区及介于两区之间的过渡区组成.过渡区由非晶和晶体相组成,晶体的尺寸和体积分数由表面向中心逐渐增加,具有梯度变化的特征.     

Ni-Fe-Si-B非晶合金的形成和热稳定性

Ni基合金被广泛地用作软磁材料，具有高磁导率、低矫顽力和高的饱和磁化强度的特点，因此研究和开发具有好的非晶形成能力和热稳定性特点的镍基非晶软磁合金有很大的科研和实用价值．本实验采用旋铸急冷工艺在大气环境中制备出了（Ni0.75Fe0.25）78SixB22-x（x=3、5、8、10、12）非晶合金带材．X射线衍射分析表明样品为完全非晶态．采用Diamond TG／DTA差热分析仪对非晶簿带的热稳定性及其相关参数Tg、Tx、Tm等进行了测量分析．其中（Ni0.75Fe0.25）78Si10B12的过冷液相区温度范围△Tx达54K，约化玻璃转变温度Trg约为0．560．研究表明，该合金具有较高的非晶形成能力和热稳定性，随着叫（Si）的增加合金的△t先增后减，在ω（Si）为10％时，△Tx达到最大值（54K）；Trg呈增长趋势，但从x=8开始增长缓慢．     

枝晶生长的介观尺度三维数值模拟

为预测合金介观组织的形成与演变,提出了改进的三维元胞自动机(CA)模型。该模型采用枝晶形状函数,简化描述介观区域的枝晶生长轮廓;利用基于Euler角的空间坐标转换,描述随机晶向的多晶粒生长;采用Hash表加速算法,耦合了溶质场计算,采用数值算法处理固液界面的溶质再分配。该模型可模拟大范围随机取向的多晶粒生长过程,并具有较高的计算效率。模拟结果表明:不同模拟区域和网格剖分尺寸对晶粒体积的分布规律没有明显影响;较快冷却速度下,存在溶质富集和枝晶偏析。对Al4Cu合金的砂型和金属型试样的显微组织分别进行模拟,结果与实验符合较好。     

枝晶生长的介观尺度三维数值模拟

为预测合金介观组织的形成与演变,提出了改进的三维元胞自动机(CA)模型。该模型采用枝晶形状函数,简化描述介观区域的枝晶生长轮廓;利用基于Eu ler角的空间坐标转换,描述随机晶向的多晶粒生长;采用H ash表加速算法,耦合了溶质场计算,采用数值算法处理固液界面的溶质再分配。该模型可模拟大范围随机取向的多晶粒生长过程,并具有较高的计算效率。结果表明:不同模拟区域和网格剖分尺寸对晶粒体积的分布规律没有明显影响;较快冷却速度下,存在溶质富集和枝晶偏析。对A l4Cu合金的砂型和金属型试样的显微组织分别进行模拟,结果与实验符合较好。     

Ni-Fe-Zr-Si-B非晶合金的形成和热稳定性研究

通过旋铸急冷工艺在真空中制备出了(Ni0.75Fe0.25)78-xZrxSi10B12(x=1、3、5、8、10)合金带材,获得了镍基非晶合金.采用XRD、DTA等测试手段分析了该工艺制备的合金非晶条带,研究了Zr对该合金体系的非晶形成能力和热稳定性的影响.X射线衍射分析表明,该合金体系皆为完全非晶.Diamond TG/DAT差热分析仪对非晶薄带的热稳定性及其相关参数Tg、Tx、Tm等的测量分析表明,该合金系中(Ni0.75Fe0.25)70Zr8Si10B12的过冷液相区温度范围ΔTx达58.62 K,约化玻璃转变温度trg约为0.666,表明该合金具有较高的非晶形成能力和热稳定性.当Zr原子分数较小(x≤8)时,Zr的添加提高Tg、Tx,并扩大过冷液相区ΔTx,使合金的非晶形成能力和热稳定性增加;Zr原子分数较大(x>8)时,Zr的添加诱导富Zr-Ni和Zr-Fe的原子团的形成,这些原子团会成为均质形核的核心,降低合金的非晶形成能力和热稳定性.     

Fe基非晶软磁合金的纳米晶化及磁性

研究了Fe78Si9B13,Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9,Fe74Cu1Mo2Nb1Si13B9三种非晶软磁合金在753～853K温度间等温退火1h后的纳米晶化行为和磁性,实验证明Cu,Nb和Mo元素的加入有助于提高晶化温度,稳定非晶组织.同时采用差热分析和X衍射仪分析了三种合金的晶化相,测量了其磁滞回线,结果表明1#,2#,3#合金分别在753K,813K,753K退火1h后可获得优良的综合软磁性能.     

Effect of Cu on dehydrogenation and thermal stability of amorphous Mg-Ce-Ni-Cu alloys

The alloying element component is very crucial in improving the hydrogen storage performance of amorphous alloys.In this work,quaternary amorphous Mg_(70-x)Ce_(10)Ni_(20)Cu_x(x=3,7.5,10)alloys were prepared by meltspinning and the effect of Cu on hydrogenation and dehydrogenation were investigated in comparison with the Mg_(70-x)Ce_(10)Ni_(20)amorphous alloys.The initial hydrogenation kinetics of amorphous Mg_(70-x)Ce_(10)Ni_(20)Cu_x(x=0,3,7.5,10)was improved with the increase of Cu content according to the kinetics measured at a temperature below crystallization temperature.As hydrogen is absorbed,an amorphous-amorphous transition occurred,and relatively high Cu content would lead to phase separation in the hydrogenation process.Amorphous phase have much higher crystallization temperature after it absorbs hydrogen and the addition of Cu could increase the crystallization activation energy of amorphous hydrides.In addition,the increase of Cu content could reduce the dehydrogenation temperature of amorphous hydrides,which gives a significant indication for future improving research of the hydrogen desorption performance of Mg based amorphous hydrides.     

非晶态稀土合金Fe-Ln-P(Ln=La、Ce)的制备及晶化动力学研究

本文用电沉积法制备出具有非晶态结构的 Fe- L n- P(L n=L a、Ca)稀土合金和 Fe- P合金 ,用差示扫描量热法 (DSC)测定了这几种非晶态合金的晶化活化能 ,并对其晶化过程所遵守的动力学方程进行了研究     

Phosphorylation of WAVE1 regulates actin polymerization and dendritic spine morphology

WAVE1--the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP)--family verprolin homologous protein 1--is a key regulator of actin-dependent morphological processes in mammals, through its ability to activate the actin-related protein (Arp2/3) complex. Here we show that WAVE1 is phosphorylated at multiple sites by cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) both in vitro and in intact mouse neurons. Phosphorylation of WAVE1 by Cdk5 inhibits its ability to regulate Arp2/3 complex-dependent actin polymerization. Loss of WAVE1 function in vivo or in cultured neurons results in a decrease in mature dendritic spines. Expression of a dephosphorylation-mimic mutant of WAVE1 reverses this loss of WAVE1 function in spine morphology, but expression of a phosphorylation-mimic mutant does not. Cyclic AMP (cAMP) signalling reduces phosphorylation of the Cdk5 sites in WAVE1, and increases spine density in a WAVE1-dependent manner. Our data suggest that phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of WAVE1 in neurons has an important role in the formation of the filamentous actin cytoskeleton, and thus in the regulation of dendritic spine morphology.     

钇掺杂对氧化铝膜的热稳定性及其孔结构的影响

以异丙醇铝和Y(NO3)3为主要原料,用溶胶-凝胶法制备掺杂钇的无支撑Al2O3膜,采用XRD、DTA-TG、BET等测试手段分析钇的掺杂对Al2O3膜的物相组成、热稳定性、以及Al2O3膜孔结构在不同煅烧温度时的影响.研究结果表明:掺杂钇能提高γ-Al2O3相向α-Al2O3相的转变温度和Al2O3膜的热稳定性.钇的掺杂也明显了改善了Al2O3膜在高温煅烧中的孔结构参数.     

Phase stability in high entropy alloys: Formation of solid-solution phase or amorphous phase

The alloy design for equiatomic multi-component alloys was rationalized by statistically analyzing the atomic size difference, mixing enthalpy, mixing entropy, electronegativity, valence electron concentration among constituent elements in solid solutions forming high entropy alloys and amorphous alloys. Solid solution phases form and only form when the requirements of the atomic size difference, mixing enthalpy and mixing entropy are all met. The most significant difference between the solid solution forming high entropy alloys and bulk metallic glasses lies in the atomic size differen ce. These rules provide valuable guidance for the future development of high entropy alloys and bulk metallic glasses.     

Formation and properties of high Fe-content Fe-(B-Si)-Zr bulk amorphous alloys

The present work is devoted to the development of Fe-(B-Si)-Zr amorphous alloys with high glass-forming ability and good magnetic properties. Using the cluster-plus-glue-atom model proposed for ideal amorphous structures, [FeFe₁₁B₃Si](Fe_1?xZr_x) was determined as the cluster formula of Fe-(B-Si)-Zr alloys. The glass formation and thermal stability of the serial alloys, namely, [FeFe₁₁B₃Si](Fe_1?xZr_x) (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.75, and 1.0), were studied by the combination of copper mold casting, X-ray diffraction, and differential thermal analysis techniques. The maxima of glass-forming ability and thermal stability were found to occur at the compositions of [FeFe₁₁B₃Si](Fe_0.6Zr_0.4) and [FeFe₁₁B₃Si](Fe_0.5Zr_0.5). The alloys can be cast into amorphous rods with 1.5 mm diameter, and upon reheating, the amorphous alloys exhibit a large undercooled liquid span of 37 K. The saturation magnetization of the [FeFe₁₁B₃Si](Fe_0.5Zr_0.5) amorphous alloy was measured to be 1.4 T.     

Phase stability in high entropy alloys: Formation of solid-solution phase or amorphous phase

The alloy design for equiatomic multi-component alloys was rationalized by statistically analyzing the atomic size difference, mixing enthalpy, mixing entropy, electronegativity, valence electron concentration among constituent elements in solid solutions forming high entropy alloys and amorphous alloys. Solid solution phases form and only form when the requirements of the atomic size difference, mixing enthalpy and mixing entropy are all met. The most significant difference between the solid solution forming high entropy alloys and bulk metallic glasses lies in the atomic size difference. These rules provide valuable guidance for the future development of high entropy alloys and bulk metallic glasses.     

Interfacial reaction between the oxidized SiC particles and Al-Mg alloys

The interfacial reactions of oxidized SiC particles reinforced Al-Mg matrix composites were investigated by the field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), TEM and X-ray diffraction. It was found that the nanoscale MgO forms initially due to the interfacial reaction, then whether it reacts with molten Al continuously or not depends on the content of Mg in the matrix and its covering densification at the surface of particles. When there is not enough Mg in the matrix for the formation of dense MgO layer, MgO will transform into MgAl₂O₄ crystal owing to the continuous reaction with SiO₂ and molten Al. When dense MgO layer forms at the surface of the particles due to the affluence of Mg for the initial reaction, it will protect the inner SiC from the attack of molten Al. However, the reaction products of both MgO and MgAl₂O₄ are thermo-stable phases at the surface of the particles under high temperature. The results clarify the interfacial reaction route and they are of great value to the control of the interfacial reactions and their interfacial design of the composites.     

Catalytic effect and reaction mechanism of Ti doped in NaAlH_4: A review

Catalytic effect and hydrogen reaction mechanism of Ti doped in NaAlH4 were elaborated in this paper, and current viewpoints about Ti active species in hydrogen reaction were discussed. In a further step, the possibility and practicality of the hydrogen reaction mechanism of Ti-doped NaAlH_4 were elucidated. They could be summarized as follows: while the current theory about the hydrogen reaction mecha-nism of Ti-doped NaAlH_4 should be further improved and modified, the research on Ti-doped NaAlH_4 would be a recommendable pattern for the catalyst research in other metal complex hydrides.