High temperature superconducting (HTS) C-band oscillator with phase noise of −134 dBc/Hz

A high Q HTS cavity resonator with resonating frequency f₀= 5.624 GHz was fabricated using high quality HTS film and high purity sapphire. The unloaded quality factor of the HTS resonator was as high as Q _u= 1.09xl0⁶ at the nitrogen temperature, 77 K. A HTS local oscillator combining the high Q cavity resonator with a C-band low noise GaAs HEMT amplifier was then designed and constructed. The phase noise of the oscillator, measured by a HP 3048A noise measurement system, is ?134 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset when the temperature is 77 K. This result is close to the best level reported by other groups in the world.     

Design of high temperature superconducting contiguous-band diplexer

A high temperature superconducting (HTS) contiguous-band diplexer was designed and fabricated. The HTS contiguous-band diplexer was made using 2-inch-diameter LaA1O₃ wafers coated with epitaxial thin film YBO on both sides, and was made up of two 4-pole singly-terminated low-pass prototype bandpass channel filters connected in parallel. Its operation frequency was centered at 3.25GHz and 3.75GHz with 500-MHz-wide channels. The HTS diplexer operated at 77 K shows excellent performance. The insertion loss in the pass-band is less than 0.8 dB and the rejection between per channel is greater than 30dB. In comparison with the conventional diplexer, the HTS diplexer offers more than 2dB improvement in insertion loss performance and 3/4 volume reduction. This design concept can be applied to the design of HTS multiplexer and the future HTS ESM channeliser systems.     

低相噪介质稳频振荡器的设计

介绍一种高稳定低相位噪声介质振荡器的微波源的设计方法,通过合理选择振荡管,提高回路负载Q值,减少电源纹波等方法有效地降低相噪。给出实验结果。应用表明,该振荡器具有噪声低,频率稳定度高,高Q值等特点。在多个领域具有较广泛的实用价值。     

Field test of HTS receivers on CDMA demonstration cluster in China

This paper presents the field test of our first demonstration cluster with five base stations (BTS) on code division multiple access (CDMA) wireless communication in China, while each BTS was installed with a high temperature superconductor (HTS) receiver. The HTS receivers have the same centre frequency of 830 MHz, a bandwidth of 13 MHz, and a noise figure (NF) of 0.9 dB. After the conventional receivers in the BTSs were replaced by the HTS receivers, a consequent drive test was carried out. A 2.35 dB decrease of the mean mobile transmit power was observed in the demonstration cluster. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60471001)     

Second generation YBCO coated conductors： A review

The advance in first generation Bi-2223 HTS wire has enabled the demonstration of superconducting power cables, magnetic energy-storage devices, transformers,fault current limiters and motors. However, the low irreversibility field (H^*) prevents application of Bi-2223 at 77 Kin any significant field. Worldwide activities are therefore,focused on developing a second-generation HTS technology based on YBCO, for which H^* (77K)-7 T. In this paper, we discuss the status and commercial prospects of second generation HTS wire technologies. In addition, we review the recent results and discuss the prospects of future applications.     

用于高温超导单晶微波特性测量的5GHz空腔介质谐振器设计

利用superfish软件设计了一个用于超导单晶微波测量的空腔介质谐振器.该谐振器基模为TE011模,共振频率为5GHz.谐振器中心打孔,单晶样品通过一介质棒伸到孔心.谐振器谐振模式得到了实验上的验证.     

采用介质谐振器的高稳定度GaAs FET振荡器

在对介质谐振器特性及其反馈电路特性分析的基础上，采用微波集成电路技术研制出一种新型的用介质谐振器作为反馈电路且具有高频率稳定度的GaAs FET振荡器，并考虑了该振荡器的偏置电路，结果表明，该振荡器具有大于1000的外部品质因素；在振荡频率为11．85GHz，输出功率为70mW时，其效率为20％，大于1000MHz的调谐范围，用同样的微带电路形式，用5种不同的介质谐振器可以得到9－14GHz的振荡频率，在－20℃-60℃温度范围内可以得到低于150kHz/℃的高频率稳定度。     

A high-performance narrowband high temperature superconducting filter

Recent development of a high-performance narrowband high-temperature superconducting (HTS) filter is presented. A 10-pole quasi-elliptic function response filter with two pairs of transmission zeros (for high selectivity), which has a center frequency of 2.185 GHz and a 3 dB bandwidth of 10 MHz (a fractional bandwidth of 0.45%), is introduced. The filter was fabricated on a 40 mm×16 mm×0.5 mm MgO wafer with double-sided YBCO films. The measured results show that the filter has 0.15 dB insertion loss at the ...     

Sub-kelvin optical cooling of a micromechanical resonator

Micromechanical resonators, when cooled down to near their ground state, can be used to explore quantum effects such as superposition and entanglement at a macroscopic scale. Previously, it has been proposed to use electronic feedback to cool a high frequency (10 MHz) resonator to near its ground state. In other work, a low frequency resonator was cooled from room temperature to 18 K by passive optical feedback. Additionally, active optical feedback of atomic force microscope cantilevers has been used to modify their response characteristics, and cooling to approximately 2 K has been measured. Here we demonstrate active optical feedback cooling to 135 +/- 15 mK of a micromechanical resonator integrated with a high-quality optical resonator. Additionally, we show that the scheme should be applicable at cryogenic base temperatures, allowing cooling to near the ground state that is required for quantum experiments--near 100 nK for a kHz oscillator.     

Self-cooling of a micromirror by radiation pressure

Cooling of mechanical resonators is currently a popular topic in many fields of physics including ultra-high precision measurements, detection of gravitational waves and the study of the transition between classical and quantum behaviour of a mechanical system. Here we report the observation of self-cooling of a micromirror by radiation pressure inside a high-finesse optical cavity. In essence, changes in intensity in a detuned cavity, as caused by the thermal vibration of the mirror, provide the mechanism for entropy flow from the mirror's oscillatory motion to the low-entropy cavity field. The crucial coupling between radiation and mechanical motion was made possible by producing free-standing micromirrors of low mass (m approximately 400 ng), high reflectance (more than 99.6%) and high mechanical quality (Q approximately 10,000). We observe cooling of the mechanical oscillator by a factor of more than 30; that is, from room temperature to below 10 K. In addition to purely photothermal effects we identify radiation pressure as a relevant mechanism responsible for the cooling. In contrast with earlier experiments, our technique does not need any active feedback. We expect that improvements of our method will permit cooling ratios beyond 1,000 and will thus possibly enable cooling all the way down to the quantum mechanical ground state of the micromirror.     

Development of high-temperature superconducting filters operating at temperatures above 90 K

This paper represents the development of a high temperature superconducting （HTS） filter, the highest operating temperature of which is up to 93 K. The filter is designed for S band with 4% fractional bandwidth and fabricated using thallium-barium-calcium-copper oxide （TI2Ba2CaCu2O8） thin films. At 93 K, the measurements of the filter show that the insertion loss in the passband is less than 0.22 dB, the return loss is better than 20 dB, and the out-of-band rejection is more than 80 dB. The analysis on the characteristics of the filter operating at different temperatures shows that the filter can work well at temperatures around 90 K. The temperature of 93 K is the highest among the previous reports for HTS filters. The result reported in this paper is significant for HTS filters to be used in the field of microwave communication requiring high sensitivity.     

高温超导线圈的交直流冲击安全性仿真

超导磁体的稳定性和线圈产生的热量在线圈中积累有着很重要的关系,因此超导线圈在大电流冲击下的热稳定性问题的研究就有着典型意义.本文建立一个载流高温超导线圈的温度分布随时间的推移数值模型,并采用差分法模拟线圈在大电流冲击下的发热和传热情况.研究发现超导线圈的散热能力和热容是决定其能否工作在很高温度下的决定性因素.     

多频法测量高温超导薄膜表面电阻

本对介质谐振器法测量高温超导薄膜微波表面电阻的方法进行了详细的研究，并对测试系统的损耗提出了新的计算方法．由四个不同直径、相同高度的蓝宝石构成四个谐振器，对同一组铜膜进行测量，根据金属表面电阻与频率的关系，分析测试装置的损耗，从而更精确地测出薄膜的表面电阻．经实验证明，此方法能得到比传统测量更为精确的测量结果．     

波导型DRF FET振荡器及其特性

在波导中实现介质谐振器反馈式（ＤＲＦ）ＦＥＴ振荡器，既可实现无滞后的高稳定频率特性和低噪声宽范围振荡频率，又具有结构简单、成本低廉、加工方便、调整容易及工作频率高的特点。本文介绍这种振荡器的结构特征及频率特性，并与实验结果进行比较。     

Radiation-pressure cooling and optomechanical instability of a micromirror

Recent table-top optical interferometry experiments and advances in gravitational-wave detectors have demonstrated the capability of optical interferometry to detect displacements with high sensitivity. Operation at higher powers will be crucial for further sensitivity enhancement, but dynamical effects caused by radiation pressure on the interferometer mirrors must be taken into account, and the appearance of optomechanical instabilities may jeopardize the stable operation of the next generation of interferometers. These instabilities are the result of a nonlinear coupling between the motion of the mirrors and the optical field, which modifies the effective dynamics of the mirror. Such 'optical spring' effects have already been demonstrated for the mechanical damping of an electromagnetic waveguide with a moving wall, the resonance frequency of a specially designed flexure oscillator, and the optomechanical instability of a silica microtoroidal resonator. Here we present an experiment where a micromechanical resonator is used as a mirror in a very high-finesse optical cavity, and its displacements are monitored with unprecedented sensitivity. By detuning the laser frequency with respect to the cavity resonance, we have observed a drastic cooling of the microresonator by intracavity radiation pressure, down to an effective temperature of 10 kelvin. For opposite detuning, efficient heating is observed, as well as a radiation-pressure-induced instability of the resonator. Further experimental progress and cryogenic operation may lead to the experimental observation of the quantum ground state of a micromechanical resonator, either by passive or active cooling techniques.     

Development of X-band high temperature superconducting filters

A synthesized design method is proposed to design microstrip band-pass filters. The impact of the box structure to the filter performance is considered besides the structure of microstrip. An X-band high temperature superconducting (HTS) microstrip filter for deep space network is designed using this method. The six-pole microstrip band-pass filter at frequency of 9500 ± 500 MHz is realized using TBCCO HTS thin film grown on 0.5 mm thick LaAlO3 substrate. The filter shows very high rejection of 90 dB in the...     

高温超导电缆的磁场计算

以螺旋电流导体磁场分析为基础，推导了超导输电电缆各层导体自感和层间互感，以及各层导体所承受的不同方向的磁场强度计算公式，并给出算例，这些计算方法是优化超导电缆层间分流均匀性，分析超导电缆交流损耗的基础．     

一种同轴腔微波等离子体反应器的设计及电磁场计算

设计了一种同轴腔微波等离子体反应器，推导了谐振腔内电磁场分布表达式，对谐振腔中的电磁分布进行了数值计算，得到与理论推导结果相对应的场强分布图。同时采用HFSS软件对本文设计的同轴谐振腔等离子体反应器进行电磁场的模拟仿真，优化出谐振腔的最优尺寸和场强分布图。软件模拟与理论推导结果吻合，说明了本方案设计的可靠性。本文设计的谐振腔固有品质因数可达17800，峰值场强高达9.29×10³V/(m·W)，且分布均匀，微波能量集中，有利于反应气体产生放电。     

一种基于电磁带隙谐振结构的K波段压控振荡器

报道一种工作在K 波段的压控振荡器的设计和性能。该压控振荡器采用基于pHEMT 工艺的有源器件, 用紧凑的边缘通孔电磁带隙谐振结构替代传统的谐振电路, 实现压控振荡器的小型化。测试结果表明, 该电路工作频段为 22.9~25.6 GHz, 在 23.6 GHz的最大输出功率为 10.4 dBm, 且在24~25.6 GHz 频段的输出功率平坦度小于 1 dB。在偏离载频 1 MHz处测得的压控振荡器相位噪声约为?95 dBc/Hz。整体电路面积为 17 mm×7.5 mm。     

一种基于声表面波滤波器的868MHz频率调制电路设计

分析了现有各种UHF频段频率调制电路的特点,设计了一种基于声表面波滤波器的868MHz频率调制电路,给出了完整电路原理图,结合EWB仿真较为详细地阐述了设计思路。该频率调制电路由主振和频率选择反馈两部分组成,主振部分采用共基极的电容三端式振荡器,避免了集电结电容的密勒效应,频率选择反馈部分串有由声面波滤波器构成的高Q值窄带滤波器,该滤波器兼有稳定中心频率的作用。这种电路具有结构简单、低本低廉、中心频率稳定、带外残留少、调试方便等特点,已成功应用于自行开发的无线话筒中。该电路既可用于FM也可用于FSK,特别适合于无线话筒、无线对讲、无线耳机、无线遥控、无线数据采集等各种中、低档无线通信设备。