Analysis of Factors Affecting Execution Performance of OpenMP Programs

OpenMP is able to develop multithreaded programs with lower cost as a promising way to quickly parallelize a great number of serial programs. However, there are many difficulties when developing OpenMP multithreaded programs. Most importantly, the performance of OpenMP programs cannot be guaranteed, which has greatly affected the application of OpenMP. This paper examines several factors that affect the execution performance of OpenMP programs, including loop transformation, scheduling strategy, the number of threads, and nested parallelism. The results show that one of the key reasons for performance degradation is load imbalance, which can be corrected by reasonable use of these key factors to improve the execution performance of OpenMP programs.     

APPLICATION OF THE COLLAGENOUS FIBER FROM THE SOLID WASTES OF LEATHER FOR PAPERMAKING

INTRODUCTIONThe quantity of the solid waste of leather is very large. Every year, there is more than 500,000-ton solid waste of leather to be put out in the world. The main components of these are collagen that may be 80%, and Cr3+ that may be 4%. In recent years, there are many the processing techniques for these solid waste. But the methods of handling for waste and the development of products are still limited, because the methods are expensive and the products are low additional valu…     

The re-emergence of the GP73 and fucosylated liver cancer biomarkers

The study shows that GP73 alone may not be sufficient to achieve the discrimination in every population. This is because many other clinical factors may influence the levels of the biomarker. This review attempts to identify some of these clinical variables, and helps provide a means of using these clinical values, in combi- nation with GP73, to achieve the best use of the entire clinical biomarker family.     

Paleomagnetic dating of the topmost terrace in Kouma,Henan and its indication to the Yellow River''''s running through Sanmen Gorges

How did the Yellow River develop and evolve? Whendid it form? The geoscientists have concerned these im-portant questions for a long time. They have done a lot ofresearches on these issues and gotten a lot of valuableresults, while there are still many controversies. In general,it mainly includes several points as follows. According tothe transition of the fluviolacustrine strata, biological fos-sils and geologic structure in Lanzhou and Yinchuan, Linmade a conclusion that the Yellow River…     

Bioinformatics analysis of two-component regulatory systems in Staphylococcus epidermidis

Sixteen pairs of two-component regulatory systems are identified in the genome of Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC12228 strain, which is newly sequenced by our laboratory for Medical Molecular Virology and Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, by using bioinformatics analysis. Comparative analysis of the twocomponent regulatory systems in S. epidermidis and that of S.aureus and Bacillus sublilis shows that these systems may regulate some important biological functions, e.g. growth,biofilm formation, and expression of virulence factors in S.epidermidis. Two conserved domains, i.e. HATPase_c and REC domains, are found in all 16 pairs of two-component proteins.Homologous modelling analysis indicates that there are 4 similar HATPase_c domain structures of histidine kinases and 13 similar REC domain structures of response regulators,and there is one AMP-PNP binding pocket in the HATPase_c domain and three active aspartate residues in the REC domain. Preliminary experiment reveals that the bioinformatics analysis of the conserved domain structures in the two-component regulatory systems in S. epidermidis may provide useful information for discovery of potential drug target.     

Mechanisms of inherited cancer susceptibility

A small proportion of many cancers are due to inherited mutations in genes, which result in a high risk to the individual of developing specific cancers. There are several classes of genes that may be involved： tumour suppressor genes, oncogenes, genes encoding proteins involved in DNA repair and cell cycle control, and genes involved in stimulating the angiogenic pathway. Alterations in susceptibility to cancer may also be due to variations in genes involved in carcinogen metabolism. This review discusses examples of some of these genes and the associated clinical conditions caused by the inheritance of mutations in such genes.     

Formulations of some bit switching functions in DES

In the data encryption standard （DES） algorithm, there exist several bit-switching functions, including permutations, expansion, and permuted choices. They are generally presented in the form of matrixes and realized by using table look-up technique in the implementation of the cryptosystem. This paper presents explicit formulas for the initial permutation IP, its inverse IP-1 , the expansion function E, and the permuted choice PC₁. It also gives the program realizations of these functions in C++ applying these formulas. With the advantage of the omission of the storage space for these matrixes and the tedious inputs of tables in the implementations of DES, our experimental results shows that the explicit formulas are useful in some situations, such as wireless sensor networks where the memory capacity is limited, especially when the size of file for encrypting is not too large, preferably smaller than 256KB.     

Differentiation and adaptation epigenetic networks: Translational research in gastric carcinogenesis

There are several kinds of epigenetic networks in the human body including the cell differentiation epigenetic network(DiEN) and the host adaptation epigenetic network(AdEN).DiEN networks are static and cell/tissue-specific.AdEN networks are variable and dependent upon environmental factors.DiEN and AdEN alterations can respectively serve as biomarkers for different kinds of diseases.Cancer is a consequence of accumulated pathophysiological adaptations of tissue stem cells to exposure of environmental carcinogens.Cancer cells are de-differentiated cells that obtain the capacity of unrestricted proliferation,local invasion,and distant migration/metastasis.Both DiEN and AdEN changes can be observed in cancer tissues.Alterations of DNA methylation are the most stable epigenetic modifications and can be sensitively detected in a small cell population.These advantages make DNA methylation the optimal biomarkers for detection of initiated cells in precancerous lesions and metastasis stem cells in cancer tissues.It has been proven that p16 methylation can be used as a diagnostic biomarker to determine malignant potential of epithelium dysplasia in many organs including the stomach.In a large-scale validation study on the DNA methylome of gastric carcinomas(GC),the methylation status of more than 90 CpG islands has been analyzed by DHPLC.Furthermore,GFRA1 demethylation and methylation of SRF and ZNF382 are frequent events during gastric carcinogenesis and consistently correlate to GC metastasis and overall survival of GC patients from China,Japan,and Korea,respectively.In a population study,it has been demonstrated that gradual increasing of plasma miR-211 and other miRNA levels may be an early risk predictor for GC development.     

First and Second Language Acquisition

Though there are similarities between child first language acquisition and adult second language acquisition, this paper explores the differences between these two processes from several aspects and gives the suggestions that how we language teachers teach L2 students well in language teaching.     

Lushan M_S7.0 earthquake:A blind reserve-fault event

In the epicenter of the Lushan MS7.0 earthquake there are several imbricate active reverse faults lying from northwest to southeast,namely the Gengda-Longdong,Yanjing-Wulong,Shuangshi-Dachuan and Dayi faults.Emergency field investigations have indicated that no apparent earthquake surface rupture zones were located along these active faults or their adjacent areas.Only brittle compressive ruptures in the cement-covered pavements can be seen in Shuangshi,Taiping,Longxing and Longmen Townships,and these ruptures show that a local crustal shortening occurred in the region during the earthquake.Combining spatial distribution of the relocated aftershocks and focal mechanism solutions,it is inferred that the Lushan earthquake is classified as a typical blind reverse-fault earthquake,and it is advised that the relevant departments should pay great attention to other historically un-ruptured segments along the Longmenshan thrust belt and throughout its adjacent areas.     

STUDY OF THE HEAT AND HUMIDITY TRANSFER PROCESSES BETWEEN AIR AND WATER IN THE AIR WASHER

The processes of heat and humidity transfer between air and water are what to be studied mainly in the paper, we put forward some main factors which influence the processes of heat and humidity transfer in the air washer. We come to the conclusion that we can change these main factors to achieve different heat and humidity transfer processes and decide processes of heat and humidity transfer of air and water with the initial temperature of spraying water in the air washer. All these results can make things convenient for the air conditioning management.     

一种基于改进CBR模型的LF钢水温度预测方法

In the prediction of the end-point molten steel temperature of the ladle furnace, the influence of some factors is nonlinear. The prediction accuracy will be affected by directly inputting these nonlinear factors into the data-driven model. To solve this problem, an improved case-based reasoning model based on heat transfer calculation (CBR-HTC) was established through the nonlinear processing of these factors with software Ansys. The results showed that the CBR-HTC model improves the prediction accuracy of end-point molten steel temperature by 5.33% and 7.00% compared with the original CBR model and 6.66% and 5.33% compared with the back propagation neural network (BPNN) model in the ranges of [?3, 3] and [?7, 7], respectively. It was found that the mean absolute error (MAE) and root-mean-square error (RMSE) values of the CBR-HTC model are also lower. It was verified that the prediction accuracy of the data-driven model can be improved by combining the mechanism model with the data-driven model.     

Optimization for the structure of BF hearth bottom and the arrangement of thermal couples

The hearth of ＂heat transfer method＂ and the ceramic cup synthetic hearth bottom of ＂heart isolation method＂ are two most popular designs for blast furnace （BF）. Although there are successful real examples, some disadvantages, for instance large heat loss and high cost, still exist for these designs. According to the theory of heat transfer, based on the calculation of temperature distribution of the hearth bottom, it is elucidated that all brick layers at the hearth bottom may not be considered as the only reason why different structures exhibited different temperature distributions although total heat resistance is the same, and then based on the effect of hot metal and cold water on different temperature distribution ranges, the concepts of ＂heat resistance＂ and ＂cooling enhancement＂ are put forth. Based on this, the disadvantages and the factors affecting temperature distribution, of the two types of hearth bottoms were illustrated. On the basis of these analyses, a novel structure for BF hearth bottom designing that can easily form ＂self-protecting＂ slag layer stably, called ＂the method of gradient brick layout that has an optimum combination of cooling enhancement and heat resistance＂ was proposed; it can not only prolong the hearth bottom longevity but also reduce the cost and heat loss.     

Movement scope of strata based on fuzzy BP neural network in underground metal mines

A prediction method of strata movement in underground metal mines is put forward, in which fuzzy BP neural network is applied. The results show that there is a strong nonlinear relation between the selected factors and strata movement angle, the anticipant and the actual output results are very similar. It is proved that the numerical value of movement angle is correlated with the selected factors in theory. The scope of strata and surface movement due to mining can be predicted. This research provides a thought to study the movement scope of strata due to mining.     

Aerodynamic configuration optimization by the integration of aerodynamics,aerothermodynamics and trajectory for hypersonic vehicles

The problem of aerodynamic configuration design optimization is a multidisciplinary design optimization （MDO） problem, and recently the MDO method is widely adopted in the field of hypersonic vehicle configuration design. From the aerodynamic point of view, the aerodynamics, aerothermodynamics and trajectory are considered in this paper. Generally speaking, the aerodynamic characteristics, aerodynamic heating and trajectory are determined by the aerodynamic configuration and the design of flight trajectory. The design method considering these three disciplines is proposed. The parametric geometrical configurations are proposed, and the aerodynamic characteristics are predicted by the rapid and effective engineering method. The optimization of aerodynamic configuration considering the integration of aerodynamics, aerothermodynamics and trajectory is investigated based on the parametric geometrical configuration. Maximum lift-to-drag ratio, maximum range of the trajectory and minimum total heat load of the stagnation point are chosen as the three optimal goals. The detailed research indicates that the optimal configurations and trajectories with different weighting factors can be obtained by the optimization, and there are obvious differences between them. The optimal configuration and flight trajectory obtained by the optimization can be used as the feasible schemes in the future work.     

Site-directed mutagenesis reveals new and essential elements for iron-coordination of the sulfur oxygenase reductase from the acidothermophilic Acidianus tengchongensis

Previous study on refolding of sulfur oxygenase reductase (SOR) inclusion bodies from recombinant Escherichia coli showed that iron was critical to the activity of the SOR from Acidianus ambivalens. In this study, enzymatic assays showed that 2,2′-Dipyridyl, Tiron and 8-hydroxyquinoline, which are specific for chelating ferrous or ferric ions, strongly inhibited the activity of SOR from A. tengchongensis, suggesting that iron atom is essential for SOR activity. Alignment of several functionally identified S...     

Aromatase and steroid sulfatase mRNA expression in fine needle aspirates from benign and malignant breast disorders

The fine needle aspiration (FNA) test is a convenient and tolerable technique with minimal invasion that is accepted by most women.Local estrogen synthesis depends mainly on the aromatase and steroid sulfatase pathways that are believed to play important roles in breast carcinogenesis.However,little is known about the level of aromatase and steroid sulfatase mRNA expression in FNA samples which contain only small amounts of tissue.The nested Q-PCR assay has been proven to be a highly sensitive and specific method to assess the aromatase expression of breast tissue.In this study,aromatase and steroid sulfatase mRNA expression in 74 patients with benign or malignant disorders was evaluated and compared using nested Q-PCR and non-nested Q-PCR assays.The expression levels were analyzed and correlated with clinical parameters.No difference in the aromatase expression levels between nested and non-nested Q-PCR was noticed.Age and aromatase mRNA expression level were two independent risk factors for breast cancer (P=0.04 and P=0.00,respectively),while menopausal status and steroid sulfatase mRNA expression levels were not associated with breast cancer.This study showed that both nested and non-nested Q-PCR assays were effective methods for research using FNA breast samples.     

Optimization for the structure of BF hearth bottom and the arrangement of thermal couples

The hearth of “heat transfer method” and the ceramic cup synthetic hearth bottom of “heart isolation method” are two most popular designs for blast furnace (BF). Although there are successful real examples, some disadvantages, for instance large heat loss and high cost, still exist for these designs. According to the theory of heat transfer, based on the calculation of temperature distribution of the hearth bottom, it is elucidated that all brick layers at the hearth bottom may not be considered as the only reason why different structures exhibited different temperature distributions although total heat resistance is the same, and then based on the effect of hot metal and cold water on different temperature distribution ranges, the concepts of “heat resistance” and “cooling enhancement” are put forth. Based on this, the disadvantages and the factors affecting temperature distribution, of the two types of hearth bottoms were illustrated. On the basis of these analyses, a novel structure for BF hearth bottom designing that can easily form “self-protecting” slag layer stably, called “the method of gradient brick layout that has an optimum combination of cooling enhancement and heat resistance”was proposed; it can not only prolong the hearth bottom longevity but also reduce the cost and heat loss. Also, the optimum arrangement of thermal couples in hearth bottom was suggested based on the previous studies on erosion prediction carried out by the author.