异速比对异步轧制AZ31镁合金板材组织和织构的影响

采用不同异速比对AZ31镁合金板材进行异步轧制,并将轧后样品进行显微组织和X射线衍射分析,研究异速比对镁合金板材组织和织构转变的影响. 结果表明:异速比的变化对晶粒形貌影响较大但晶粒细化效果不明显;当异速比为2.800时,板材内出现了长条晶粒;快速辊侧{0002}基面织构强度高于慢速辊侧,且板材两侧表面{0002}晶面的偏转方向相反;异速比对基面织构的强度影响显著,随着异速比的增大,基面织构的强度先增加后下降. 这种特殊的织构变化与异步轧制过程中沿厚度方向引入的剪切变形有关.     

异步轧制AZ31镁合金板材的组织性能研究

采用异速比为1．05的异步轧机,在600K和650K温度下,对AZ31镁合金进行道次压下量分别为5％,10％及20％的异步轧制,并将所得板材与同步轧制板材进行对比．实验结果表明：异步轧制不能从本质上改变AZ31镁合金的基面织构组分,但能在一定程度上削弱（0001）基面织构;异步轧制能减少镁合金板材中的孪晶并促进动态再结晶的发生,使板材的晶粒组织细化和均匀化,从而提高镁合金的塑性变形能力,与同步轧制板材相比,异步轧制板材的室温强度稍有降低,但轧向与横向延伸率均提高了约33％。     

Mn18Cr18N钢异步轧制过程的微观组织和显微硬度

研究了不同异步轧制速比对Mn18Cr18N无磁不锈钢板材微观组织和微观硬度的影响。结果表明,通过异步热轧,板材由表层到中心层的微观组织为梯度分布,表层晶粒细化效果明显;当异速比增至1.2时,表层晶粒细化至2.2μm,细晶层厚度为390μm;异步热轧板沿厚度方向的维氏显微硬度呈抛物线形式,随着异速比的增大,硬度总体水平下降,表层到中心层的硬度下降趋势增大。     

ESP工艺下低碳钢奥氏体演变行为

通过楔形铸坯直接轧制和带有中间坯补热工序的大道次变形量热轧实验,研究了铸坯直接轧制、大道次变形量以及中间坯补热工序对奥氏体组织演变的影响,并与常规热轧工艺进行了对比.结果表明:随铸坯压下率增加,变形后奥氏体晶粒尺寸逐渐细化.与铸坯再加热轧制工艺相比,当压下率为48%,53.6%和66.7%时,铸坯直接轧制工艺的奥氏体晶粒较为粗大,压下率为72.3%时,其变形组织更为细小均匀.与常规工艺相比,粗轧阶段大道次变形量促进奥氏体再结晶;中间坯补热工序提高了奥氏体晶粒尺寸均匀化程度.     

异步轧制铜/铝双金属复合板变形行为的研究

采用异步轧制复合工艺制备了铜/铝双金属复合板,分析了轧制工艺参数对复合板变形行为的影响,结合轧制变形区金属受力状态探讨了复合过程中的金属变形及流动规律.结果表明:异步轧制变形区内界面摩擦剪切作用直接影响母材的受力状态,共同变形区内双金属间的搓轧作用对金属流动及结合效果影响最大.异步速比越大,硬质金属变形越大.总压下率增大时,组元金属压下率均呈正比关系增加,且软、硬两种金属的压下率差值越来越小.     

异速比对镁合金板材轧制成形的影响分析

基于Deform-3D软件对AZ31镁合金同径同速轧制和异速比为1.1、1.2、1.5、1.7的轧制过程进行模拟,并对板材等效应力、等效应变、轧制力和边部破坏情况进行对比分析。结果表明:异步轧制中由于"搓轧"变形的影响,形成的附加剪切应力大大削弱了外摩擦对变形的阻碍作用。随着异速比的增大,最大等效应力和轧制力显著降低,等效应变增大,有助于降低对轧辊强度的要求及能量消耗,同时可以轧制更薄的产品。然而,随着异速比的增大,板材边部破坏严重。因此,在镁合金板材轧制中,最佳异速比一般不大于1.4.     

多道次等径角轧制对AZ31镁板组织性能的影响

对AZ31镁合金进行多道次等径角轧制,并分析其微观组织、宏观织构和室温力学性能.结果表明,随着轧制道次的增加,板材的晶粒组织出现交替细化与粗化的现象,并直接影响板材后续退火组织的大小和均匀性.由于累积剪切变形的作用,等径角轧制后板材的基面织构明显弱化.七道次等径角轧制后基面极轴出现沿轧向分离,板材屈服强度降低约54%,而伸长率提高约43%.基面织构弱化和晶粒细化是等径角轧制板材塑性提高的主要原因.     

中间退火及轧制工艺对Al-Mg-Li合金塑性开裂及晶粒细化的影响

采用机械热处理法制各Al-Mg-Li合金细晶板材,研究预热温度、中间退火温度及转向轧制对板材塑性开裂及品粒细化的影响.结果表明:板材在低温(≤300℃)轧制时往往开裂,将轧制温度提高到400℃,可获得无开裂的板材,但经再结晶退火后的晶粒组织粗大,约为16μm;降低中间退火温度虽然可以明显提高晶粒细化程度,但退火后采用单向轧制,当形变量较大时,板材会出现开裂问题;中间退火后采用转向轧制,不但大形变量F板材轧制不开裂,而且细化晶粒及减小板材厚度方向层状分布的程度,再结晶后2个表面层的晶粒细小等轴,平均晶粒粒径为9.26 μm;中心层晶粒组织相对粗大略成扁平状,平均晶粒粒径为12.73 μm,约占板材总厚度的1/5.     

复合轧制工艺对Al/Mg复合板冶金结合层组织和性能的影响

采用AZ31镁合金和纯铝进行高温复合轧制制备镁-铝复合板,使其兼具铝的表面耐蚀性和镁合金的高比强度特性.采用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和电子万能拉伸机等设备,研究了不同热轧温度及退火工艺参数对铝-镁复合界面的显微组织和结合强度的影响.结果表明：300 ℃轧制,镁-铝复合板出现严重边裂;450 ℃轧制,边裂消失;在轧制温度为400 ℃、压下率为50%、300 ℃退火2 h的条件下得到的复合板界面结合强度最大,为7.5 MPa.     

异径轧制对AZ31镁合金薄带微观组织的影响

考虑到轧制镁合金薄带板形的控制精度要求,采用小辊径同径轧制和异径轧制工艺分别制备了0.5,1.0 mm的AZ31镁合金薄带,研究不同工艺过程中板材内部晶粒微观组织的变化规律以及同径轧制与异径轧制在轧制过程中的对称性问题.结果表明:0.5 mm异径轧制和同径轧制板带的晶粒尺寸分别为8.8和10.1μm,1.0 mm的分别为13.6和16.7μm.0.5 mm的异径轧制与同径轧制的单元等效塑性应变最大值分别为0.42和0.29,1.0 mm的分别为0.75和0.66,与实验结果相符.0.5 mm同径轧制的特征节点在板带上中下部的等效米塞斯应力和剪切应力分布对称,异径轧制的分布非对称.0.5 mm板带经过250,300,350℃退火1 h后,异径轧制的晶粒长大较缓慢,同径轧制的晶粒长大较快.350℃下,异径轧制的晶粒尺寸为9.8μm,同径轧制的为24.9μm.     

异步轧制取向硅钢织构的模拟研究

本文系统地阐述了异步轧制剪切变形条件下板材冷轧织构的模拟计算理论;采用矢量法根据实测的ＯＤＦ构造板材的原始组织、在假设临界滑移系开动几率均等的条件下,运用Ｔａｙｌｏｒ模型对取向硅钢的亚表层和中心层的冷轧织构进行电算模拟;在此基础上,对剪切变形条件一些轧制因素的影响进行了讨论。     

热变形对超高强度管线钢组织及变形抗力的影响

运用光学显微镜和电子显微镜对不同热变形条件下组织、析出相进行观察与分析.研究结果表明:在1020℃奥氏体再结晶区轧制时,Nb,Ti以复相形式诱导析出,对组织细化产生一定影响.在保证积累压下量不变的情况下,奥氏体未再结晶区采用大压下量、少道次的轧制工艺对热变形奥氏体晶粒尺寸影响不大,对晶内变形带、亚结构和最终组织形貌及尺寸起到一定的作用.同时分析了再结晶轧制温度及未再结晶区轧制规程对变形抗力的影响     

Influence of high deformation on the microstructure of low-carbon steel

Low-carbon steel sheets DC04 used in the automotive industry were subjected to cold rolling for thickness reduction from 20% to 89%. The desired thickness was achieved by successive reductions using a rolling mill. The influence of thickness reduction on the microstructure was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Microstructure evolution was characterized by the distortion of grains and the occurrence of the oriented grain structure for high cold work. A mechanism of grain restructuring for high cold work was described. The occurrence of voids was discussed in relation with cold work. The evolution of voids at the grain boundaries and inside the grains was also considered. To characterize the grain size, the Feret diameter was measured and the grain size distribution versus cold work was discussed. The chemical homogeneity of the sample was also analyzed.     

难变形材料轧制实验机开发及实验研究

为满足难变形材料轧制实验研究,开发新型实验轧机.采用液压张力缸和液压夹头夹持短试样,实现直拉张力轧制.采用两台主电机对上下工作辊单独传动和速度调整,实现异步轧制时速度比连续调整.将夹持轧件两端的夹头作为正负极,通低电压大电流,对轧件进行电阻加热,实现温轧功能.利用该新型实验轧机进行验证实验.对3%Si无取向硅钢进行带张力异步轧制,异步比设定为1.12,总压下量增大28.4%.对AZ31镁合金进行带张力温轧实验,厚度由4 mm轧制到0.633 mm,顺利完成轧制并得到很好的表面质量.实验表明,该实验轧机可以作为难变形材料轧制实验研究的有力工具.     

Ca对变形Mg-9Li-2Zn合金显微组织和机械性能的影响

实验熔制了Mg-9%Li-2%Zn(质量分数)合金并研究了添加质量分数为0.1%~0.5%的Ca对合金的影响.合金板材具有良好的冷加工性能,室温下可以轧成2 mm厚的薄板.研究了微量元素Ca对板材显微组织和机械性能的影响.室温下对板材进行拉伸测试,结果表明添加元素Ca能够提高合金的机械性能,当添加质量分数为0.1%的Ca时,板材的抗拉强度和延伸率分别提高了19%和6%,随着Ca含量的增加,强度略有提高而延伸率下降.通过显微观察可知,Ca对显微组织有细化作用,其中含Ca 0.1%时效果最明显.通过分析结果可知Ca在晶界处的吸附致使显微组织细化,进而影响了板材的机械性能.     

液芯压下工艺下 CSP连铸SPA-H钢的组织研究

通过对珠钢CSP（Compact strip production）在液芯压下LCR（Liquid core reduction）工艺和非液芯压下工艺条件下铸坯和成品板的室温组织进行对比研究，分析了连铸连轧过程中显微组织的变化过程，并探讨了CSP工艺生产LCR／非LCR工艺下组织细化的原因．研究表明：在CSP工艺下，微观组织为大量细晶铁素体和部分珠光体，最后得到的成品板具有均匀细小的组织．液芯压下工艺下铸坯表面晶粒呈不规则多边形状，与非液芯压下工艺下表面组织有明显差异；而且液芯压下工艺下铸坯内部组织枝晶化趋势变缓．经过6道轧制，成品板中组织差别不明显．组织细化原因可归结为大量位错和形变带导致的相变驱动力增加，钢中大量弥散析出氧化物以及终轧后的层流冷却作用．     

Effect of cross wedge rolling on the microstructure of GH4169 alloy

The metal microstructure during the hot forming process has a significant effect on the mechanical properties of final products. To study the microstructural evolution of the cross wedge rolling (CWR) process, the microstructural model of GH4169 alloy was programmed into the user subroutine of DEFORM-3D by FORTRAN. Then, a coupled thermo-mechanical and microstructural simulation was performed under different conditions of CWR, such as area reduction, rolling temperature, and roll speed. Comparing experimental data with simulation results, the difference in average grain size is from 11.2% to 33.4% so it is verified that the microstructural model of GH4169 alloy is reliable and accurate. The fine grain of about 12-15 μm could be obtained by the CWR process, and the grain distribution is very homogeneous. For the symmetry plane, increasing the area reduction is helpful to refine the grain and the value should be around 61%. Moreover, when the rolling temperature changes from 1000 to 1100℃ and the roll speed from 6 to 10 r·min-1, the grain size of the rolled piece decreases first and then increases. The temperature may be better to choose the value around 1050℃ and the speed less than 10 r·min-1.     

Microstructure and texture evolution in commercial-purity Zr 702 during cold rolling and annealing

Microstructure and texture evolution in commercial-purity Zr 702 during cold rolling and annealing was investigated by optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that crystallographic slip was the predominant deformation mechanism in the early stage of deformation. Deformation twins started to form when the rolling reduction was larger than 38.9%; both the dislocation density and the number of twins increased with increasing rolling reduction. The initial texture of the Zr 702 plate consisted of the basal fiber component. During cold rolling the strength of the basal fiber first decreased and then increased with increasing rolling reduction. The cold-rolled sheets were fully recrystallized after being annealed at 550°C. The recrystallization temperature and the size of recrystallized grains decreased with increasing rolling reduction. A larger rolling reduction resulted in a higher grain growth rate when the annealing temperature increased from 550°C to 700°C. The recrystallization texture was characterized by a major basal fiber and a minor {0113}<2110> component. The strength of the recrystallization texture increased with increasing rolling reduction.     

Beneficial clock-rolling cycles on the microstructure uniformity of {111} grains in tantalum sheets

Controlling the texture of tantalum sheets is of critical importance to fabricate good sputtering targets. In the present study two tantalum sheets were produced by clock rolling to 70% thickness reduction in 1 or 2 cycles. The results show that the stored energy and grain subdivision within the {111} grains {<111>//normal direction (ND)} after 1 cycle are significantly higher than those after 2 cycles, leading to fast recrystallization kinetics and strong {111} recrystallized texture upon annealing. Simulations with Taylor model indicate that shear strain occurred on more slip systems in the 2-cycle sample, which could explain the formation of cell blocks in {111} grains.