共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Gene dosage compensation in metafemales (3X;2A) of Drosophila 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
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X chromosomes evolve differently from autosomes, but general governing principles have not emerged. For example, genes with male-biased expression are under-represented on the X chromosome of D. melanogaster, but are randomly distributed in the genome of Anopheles gambiae. In direct global profiling experiments using species-specific microarrays, we find a nearly identical paucity of genes with male-biased expression on D. melanogaster, D. simulans, D. yakuba, D. ananassae, D. virilis and D. mojavensis X chromosomes. We observe the same under-representation on the neo-X of D. pseudoobscura. It has been suggested that precocious meiotic silencing of the X chromosome accounts for reduced X chromosome male-biased expression in nematodes, mammals and Drosophila. We show that X chromosome genes with male-biased expression are under-represented in somatic cells and in mitotic male germ cells. These data are incompatible with simple X chromosome inactivation models. Using expression profiling and comparative sequence analysis, we show that selective gene extinction on the X chromosome, creation of new genes on autosomes and changed genomic location of existing genes contribute to the unusual X chromosome gene content. 相似文献
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Non-random X chromosome expression in female mules and hinnies 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
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C J Brown R G Lafreniere V E Powers G Sebastio A Ballabio A L Pettigrew D H Ledbetter E Levy I W Craig H F Willard 《Nature》1991,349(6304):82-84
X-chromosome inactivation results in the strictly cis-limited inactivation of many but not all genes on one of the two X chromosomes during early development in somatic cells of mammalian females. One feature of virtually all models of X inactivation is the existence of an X-inactivation centre (XIC) required in cis for inactivation to occur. This concept predicts that all structurally abnormal X chromosomes capable of being inactivated have in common a defineable region of the X chromosome. Here we report an analysis of several such rearranged human X chromosomes and define a minimal region of overlap. The results are consistent with models invoking a single XIC and provide a molecular foothold for cloning and analysing the XIC region. One of the markers that defines this region is the XIST gene, which is expressed specifically from inactive, but not active, X chromosomes. The localization of the XIST gene to the XIC region on the human X chromosome implicates XIST in some aspect of X inactivation. 相似文献
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Studies of X chromosome DNA methylation in normal human cells 总被引:30,自引:0,他引:30
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D W Cooper 《Nature》1971,230(5292):292-294