四杆机构九精确点轨迹综合的延拓法

平面四杆机构连杆上某点精确通过预定九个点位的轨迹综合问题是长期以来难以精确求解的课题，至今，多以近似求解法求解，本文将以求解多项式方程组的延拓法求解基于标准型方程而导出的高次多项式方程组，详细介绍了延拓法及其计算机算法，该方法的特点是能可靠地得到方程给的全总部数学解系，但计算量大，本文最后给出了九精确占轨迹综合实例及其计算结果，经计算机动画模拟演示，说明计算结果是正确的。     

四杆机构九精确点轨迹综合的延拓法

平面四杆机构连杆上某点精确通过预定九个点位的轨迹综合问题是长期以来难以精确求解的课题，至今，多以近似求解法求解．本文将以求解多项式方程组的延拓法求解基于标准型方程而导出的高次多项式方程组，详细介绍了延拓法及其计算机算法，该方法的特点是能可靠地得到方程给的全部数学解系，但计算量大，本文最后给出了九精确点轨迹综合实例及其计算结果，经计算机动画模拟演示，说明计算结果是正确的．     

平面四杆机构轨迹综合的延拓法

本文采用一种全新的非线性方程组求解方法—“延拓法”对平面四杆机构轨迹精确点综合问题进行了深入的研究，首先简要阐述了延拓法，以复数法和标准双失组建立了四杆机构五精确点轨迹综合方程，导出了延拓法可解的多项式方程组，详细论述了方程组的求解过程并给出了实例及其部分计算结果．     

平在四杆机构轨迹综合的延拓法

本文采用一种全新的非线性方程组求解方法－－“延拓法”对平面罩 村机构轨迹精确点综合问题进行了深入的研究，首先简要阐述了延拓法，以复数法和标准双失组建立了四杆机构五精确点轨迹综合方程，导出了延拓法可解的多项式方程组，详细论述了方程组的求解过程并给出了实例及其部分计算结果。     

二冲程内燃机扫气流场的数值模拟

用分块结构化网格对二冲程内燃机的扫气流场进行了三维数值模拟，在缺内代数方法生成贴体网格，用ＡＬＥ法求解控制方程组，提高了离心力源项的计算精度。通过在一个两气口气缸模型上进行的大量数值实验，探讨了数值计算中出现的问题及解决方法，模拟了两种二冲程发动机的扫气过程，其结果与实验对比是令人满意的。     

孔型设计的拟Newton迭代算法

本文提出一种通过求解非线性方程组设计孔型尺寸的方法。文中以菱一方和椭－方孔型系统为例，给出了相应的非线性方程组及采用拟Ｎｅｗｔｏｎ法求解的方法和步骤；根据实际计算结果，讨论了延伸系数的取值范围。     

焊接熔池浮力－表面张力驱动流数值解的源项与边值处理

从固／液相变问题的单相统一模型控制方程组出发，用焓法‘模糊，处理固／液运动界面和相变潜热，用Ｔａｙｌｏｒ级数展开法处理非线性源项，并将附加源项法扩展应用于处理动量方程的表面张力边界条件，使整个控制方程组的迭代求解局限于内节点上，从而加快了方程组耦合求解的收敛速度，二维轴对称定点熔化焊浮力－表面张力联合驱动流的数值计算结果表明，这种源项与边值的处理方法较非线性源项的显式处理和热边界条件的附加源项处理计算速度提高１５％～２０％，且计算结果相当一致。     

MLPG法与配点法耦合求解地下水非均质承压稳定流问题

给出了无网格局部Petrov-Galerkin(MLPG)法与配点法耦合求解导水系数为分片常数的非均质承压稳定流问题的方法.在各子区分界线布置的节点上,应用相容条件建立配点方程组,在除分界线外的其他节点上建立MLPG方程组,联立得到求解水头函数数值解的耦合方程组.编写了相应MATLAB程序,进行了具体模型计算,并与MLPG法和边界元法的计算结果进行了比较,结果表明该方法求解问题有效,精度较MLPG法计算精度显著提高,且明显优于边界元法.     

离散卷积方程组的反卷积解法

对于离散卷积方程组,一般采用傅氏变换的方法求解,但在某些特定系统的情况下,零频率丢失。如在空间域用直接反卷积法求解,将解决这一问题,首先分析了离散卷积和离散反卷积的计算方法,对用高斯消去法和求逆法求解离散卷积方程组作了说明,最后对直接反卷积求解的计算量进行了估计。     

大规模p型有限元方程组的修正SSOR-PCG解法

结合p型有限元方程组的系数矩阵具有对称性、正定性、稀疏性和阶谱性等特点，用修正的对称逐步超松驰处理共轭梯度法来求解大规模p型自适应有限元方程组，可以减少每步迭代的主要计算量；利用上一个自适应步的结果初始化迭代序列，可以减少迭代次数，使得总迭代次数和计算时间较原方法大为减少，理论和算例均表明，这是求解大规模p型自适应有限元方程组的一种极为有效的方法。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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