一种新的流体质扩散激光全息干涉图像处理方法

将基于傅里叶变换的相位检测原理应用于流体质扩散系数测量中的图像数据处理，提出了一种新的流体质扩散激光全息干涉条纹图像的处理方法。该方法由小波变换去噪、频域窗口滤波、全息图物像再现及最小二乘法相位展开等步骤组成。采用该方法对实验中采集的标准体系0.33mol／LKCl溶液在298.15K下与水的质扩散干涉条纹图像，     

用变频条纹图扫描技术测量陡峭物体的三维轮廓

针对传统条纹投影方法不能测量陡峭物体三维轮廓的问题，提出了一种基于相移的变频条纹图扫描测量技术．采用投影装置投射一系列频率随时间变化的正弦条纹图到被测物体上，且在每个频率下完成相移条纹扫描．用电荷耦合器件(CCD)和图像采集卡记录这些变形的条纹图，对这些条纹图沿时间轴提取相位并进行处理，可以得到图像上每个像素点的相位和沿时间轴的相位变化率，由此得到的每个像素点的相位值在像面内都是相互独立的，而相位变化率包含物体的高度信息，因此可以得到物体的三维轮廓．实验证明，该技术能够成功地测量陡峭物体的轮廓．     

一种新的测定流体质扩散系数的全息干涉图像处理方法

将基于傅里叶变换的相位检测原理应用于流体质扩散系数测量中的图像数据处理,提出了一种新的流体质扩散激光全息干涉条纹图像的处理方法．该方法由小波变换去噪、频域窗口滤波、全息图物像再现及最小二乘法相位展开等步骤组成．采用该方法对实验中采集的标准体系0．33mol／L KC1溶液在298．15K下与水的质扩散干涉条纹图像以及在不同温度下0．1mol／L蔗糖水溶液-水扩散系的扩散干涉条纹图像进行了处理,并通过与文献值的比较验证了该方法的准确性．该方法充分利用了全息图的相位信息,进一步提高了处理实验数据的精度,通过误差分析可知其理论精度可以达到0．1％,从而可为激光全息干涉法测量流体质扩散系数实验提供新的手段．     

三维形貌的快速测量方法

提出一种基于条纹投影技术的高效三维快速形貌测量（ＦＴＰ）方法。根据该法,投影在被测表面上的Ｒｏｎｃｈｉ光栅条纹在空域中被载波频率所调制,该调制信号然后经低通滤波并解调得到相应于被测表面上每点高度的相位信息。数据处理中采用了相位展开技术以消除相位计算中的２π跳变值,最终重构被测的表面轮廓。用该法对复杂表面进行了测量,取得了满意的结果。由于这种方法只须一帧条纹数字图像直接在空域中进行处理就可获取每点的高度信息值,而无须如其它ＦＴＰ等方法所须的确定条纹级数或插值和曲线拟合等操作,数据处理速度更快,因此有较好的实用价值。     

非绝热、非周期演化量子相位特征与测量研究

以二能级原子系统为模型, 细致地研究了非绝热演化量子相位特征. 基于量子干涉原理, 提出了一种测量非绝热演化量子相位的新方法. 且阐述了这种测量方法的物理机理, 利用这种方法在原子态布居几率的干涉条纹中可直接获得量子相位的分布信息.     

面向光学三维测量的非均匀条纹生成方法

针对投影条纹间距比较小和被测表面法向处于变化范围较大的状态时局部条纹形变严重、分布密集,甚至出现条纹间重叠干涉现象,导致相位求解、条纹中心提取等方法失效的问题,提出了一种非均匀投影条纹生成算法。先利用投影均匀条纹到被测物体上,对相机采集图像中局部条纹分布密集的区域进行相位梯度调整,再运用反向条纹投影原理计算出非均匀投影条纹。对投影均匀条纹和非均匀条纹到被测物体表面进行光学三维测量,仿真和实验结果表明:当测量精度均达到50μm时,投影均匀条纹测量时有7.2%的数据点丢失,投影非均匀条纹时仅有0.24%的数据点丢失,基本上解决了局部条纹变形严重、分布密集导致点云丢失的问题,从而保证测量数据的可靠性。     

基于小波变换的投影光栅条纹分析

投影光栅条纹相位法通常用于三维物体形貌的测量.采用小波变换直接提取单幅光栅条纹图像的相位分布,不需要进行相位展开,即可得到物体表面轮廓.给出了小波分析应用在空间载波光栅条纹相位分析中的理论推导证明、计算机模拟以及实验验证结果,讨论了小波分析的抗噪能力,证实了该方法的可行性.     

新型无衍射栅型结构光投影系统

提出了一种用于相位法测量的无衍射栅型结构光条纹投影系统,以截面三角棱镜为主要光学元件来获取无衍射栅型结构光投影条纹.从理论上分析了栅型无衍射结构光的无衍射特性以及三角棱镜相关参数对条纹图样的影响,实验测量了系统观察屏上的条纹间距.理论分析与实验表明:该系统产生的无衍射结构光条纹的光强成正弦分布且对比度好,用于相位测量可以获得较高的相位分辨率,提高相位法测量的精度.整个系统光路简单、结构紧凑,有利于系统的集成与小型化.     

基于RGB三通道相位调制彩色编码

本文提出一种具有初始相位信息的RGB彩色编码方法。此法充分利用了彩色图像R、G、B三个分量携带的信息,即对三个分量分别进行相移为-120°、0°、120°的正弦调制,从而代替传统三幅相移法中的三幅相移图。首先投射一幅彩色RGB正弦条纹来调制被测物体的三维信息,摄像机拍得物体表面的变形条纹图,用数字方法把彩色变形条纹分为三幅灰度图像,然后应用三步相移方法获取截断相位,根据编码特征进行解码来指导截断相位的展开,获得展开相位,进而恢复出物体的三维面形。该方法编码稳定,解码方法可靠,只需要拍摄一幅图,就可以较好地重建空间分离物体的三维面形。通过实验证明了该方法的正确性。     

基于偏振相移的干涉条纹细分原理

基于偏振相移和相关分析,提出一种高分辨率、方便实现的干涉条纹细分原理.该原理将细分环节由电子线路信号处理部分向前移,通过干涉条纹强度分布综合信息的分析与处理来实现,即通过具有高分辨率的偏振相移操作,对干涉相位进行相位调控,使干涉条纹强度分布回到位移起始时的状态,则与相位调控量对应的光程,即为位移的λ/2小数倍部分.由于偏振相移采用具有极大放大倍数的硬件机械运动实现,因而能取得可靠的高分辨率细分.理论分析和模拟结果显示,该干涉条纹细分原理可容易地达到nm级细分分辨率.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that