氧含量对TIG焊瞬态熔池行为影响的数值分析

建立定点高斯热源作用下TIG熔池的三维瞬态数学模型,考虑焊接熔池内各项散热、焊件内部及表面传热、相变潜热、材料热物理性能参数随温度变化等问题,运用FLUENT软件及其UDF的二次开发功能,模拟不同氧含量对熔池温度场及速度场的影响.结果表明:表面张力温度系数发生转变时的临界温度对熔池温度场和速度场有着决定性影响,该临界温度随氧含量的增加而增加,并且随着氧含量增加逐渐向熔池中心靠近.随着临界温度线的转移,表面张力发生改变,熔池内的Marangoni对流也因此改变,进而使得熔池形貌从低氧含量时浅而宽的形状变成为高氧含量时的深且窄的形状.     

激光焊接与重熔自由表面温度分布及熔池形状的数值分析

以固液相变的统一模型方程为基础,计算了激光焊接与表面重熔不同加热模型条件下,液态熔池的形成过程,以及温度场和流场.主要考察了激光诱导的合金元素汽化和表面张力驱动流对自由表面温度分布及熔池形状的影响.结果发现,熔池自由表面温度和溶池形状主要受表面张力驱动的流体流动的影响,它在限制自由表面最高温度方面起着主要作用,合金元素汽化热损失的影响是第二位的.熔池的形状主要受液态金属涡旋方向的影响,在负的表面张力温度系数条件下,熔池浅而宽;在正的表面张力温度系数下,熔池深而窄.     

Marangoni对流数值模拟

通过对有机溶液在水表面溶解引发的Marangoni对流进行数值计算,表明表面张力变化导致的Marangoni对流在临近界面区域具有显著的强度和速度梯度,但在液相主体区域流速较低,模拟得到的最大表面速度数值及表面速度分布符合文献报道同条件下的实验结果.根据数值模拟得到的流场结果分析表明,Marangoni对流只是在近界面区域有着较高的界面流速,Marangoni对流对传质的影响主要是加速了表面更新,导致了较高的传质速率.     

激光焊接与重熔自由表面温度分布及溶池形状的数值分析

以固液相变的统一模型方程为基础，计算了激光焊接与表面重熔不同加热模型条件下，液态熔池的形成过程，以及温度场和流场。主要考察了激光诱导的合金元素汽化和表面张力驱动流对自由表面温度分布及溶池形态的影响。结果发现，溶池自由表面温度和溶池形状主要受表面温度分布及熔池形状的影响。结果发现，溶池自由表面温度和溶池形状主要受表面张力驱力的流体流动的影响，它在限制自由表面最高温度方面起飞着主要作用，合金元素汽化热     

Hastelloy C-276合金脉冲激光焊接熔池流动行为分析

根据传热学和流体力学基本原理建立瞬态Nd:YAG脉冲激光焊接熔池三维数值分析模型,研究Hastelloy C-276合金薄板脉冲激光焊接过程中熔池液态金属流动的基本规律.利用Fluent软件,采用有限容积法求解控制方程,用SIMPLE算法处理压力与速度耦合.引入Ma来评价焊接熔池的流动特性,并指出了焊接熔池中出现重熔轮廓线的原因.通过与实测温度场对比,验证了所建模型的准确性.模拟分析表明:脉冲激光焊接过程中存在较微弱的Marangoni对流现象;牛顿剪切应力的存在使熔池表层流体对流剧烈.此模型可为Hastelloy C-276合金薄板脉冲激光焊接熔池流体流动行为分析提供理论依据.     

激光熔覆产生的熔池温度与对流分析

由激光熔覆产生的熔池的内部存在复杂的传热与传质过程.鉴于熔池的尺度微小以至于难以对其进行实时监控,构建了一个激光熔覆数值模型,对熔池内部的温度分布与对流模式进行了仿真分析.结果表明:熔池的温度梯度非常高,且熔池底部延伸至基体的部分由于高温发生再奥氏体化.熔池内的流体流动主要由Marangoni运动驱动,且熔池内的对流形式为环形对流,最高流速达到0.1m/s.研究结果能够为熔覆层的成型过程及合金粉末在熔池内的传输过程提供理论依据.     

激光加工熔池自由液面特性

针对激光加工过程中,熔池自由液面的静态特性,从熔池自由面的表面张力变化入手,应用热焓源项法和多孔介质模型,发展了对金属流体区和固体区统一的数值分析方法,揭示了熔池内部的流动、换热规律和熔池自由面的表面张力分布.通过熔池自由面的静态受力分析,结合熔池内计算结果,分析了对熔池自由面形状的形成.应用该模型对AISI304不锈钢的某一激光加工过程求解,分析了不同加工工艺以及工件物性对熔池自由面形状的影响.     

深熔激光焊接熔池温度场的数值模拟

利用旋转GAUSS曲面体新型热源模型,忽略深熔激光焊时小孔对传热的影响,建立了移动激光热源作用下的三维数学模型。利用PHOENICS3.4软件,模拟了SUS304不锈钢深熔激光焊接热过程的温度场和熔池熔合线形状,得到了不同焊接速度下的温度场分布云图和＂钉头＂状的熔池形状,试验表明数值模拟结果与试验结果基本吻合。     

激光-等离子弧复合焊熔池的流动特性

为了研究激光-等离子弧复合焊接熔池的流动特性,该文建立了焊接过程中液相区、糊状区和固相区的三维模型,采用体热源来模拟小孔效应,并利用有限控制容积法计算了复合焊接熔池的流场和温度场,重点研究了表面张力和电磁力的作用。数值分析结果表明:表面张力流是决定复合焊熔池流动的主要原因,是影响焊接成形的主要因素;与表面张力流相比,电磁力流的强度较低,但可增加熔深和下表面熔宽。针对1420铝锂合金的复合焊工艺试验表明计算结果与试验相符合。     

激光-等离子弧复合焊熔池的流动特性

为了研究激光-等离子弧复合焊接熔池流动特性,该文建立了焊接过程中液相区、糊状区和固相区的三维模型,采用体热源来模拟小孔效应,并利用有限控制容积法计算了复合焊接熔池的流场和温度场,重点研究了表面张力和电磁力的作用。数值分析结果表明:表面张力流是决定复合焊熔池流动的主要原因,是影响焊接成形的主要因素;与表面张力流相比,电磁力流的强度较低,但可增加熔深和下表面熔宽。针对1420铝锂合金的复合焊工艺试验表明计算结果与试验相符合。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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