Wolbachia在Drosophila auraria复合种和Drosophila simulans中的感染

用 Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ 方法检测了多种果蝇中共生菌 Ｗ ｏｌｂａｃｈｉａ 的感染,发现 Ｄｒｏｓｏｐｈｉｌａ ａｕｒａｒｉａ 复合种以及采集于北京地区的 Ｄｒｏｓｏｐｈｉｌａ ｓｉｍ ｕｌａｎｓ为 Ｗｏｌｂａｃｈｉａ 所感染, Ｒ Ｆ Ｌ Ｐ分析证实为单一感染．克隆了编码 Ｗ ｏｌｂａｃｈｉａ 外膜蛋白质的 ｗ ｓｐ 基因并进行了序列测定．同时比较了 Ｄｒｏｓｏｐｈｉｌａ ａｕｒａｒｉａ 复合种内 ４ 个种和采集于北京及美国加州的 Ｄｒｏｓｏｐｈｉｌａ ｓｉｍ ｕｌａｎｓ 的线粒体的细胞色素氧化酶 ２ 亚基基因的部分序列． 进而讨论了 Ｗｏｌｂａｃｈｉａ 对 Ｄｒｏｓｏｐｈｉｌａ ａｕｒａｒｉａ 复合种成员之间进化关系的影响．     

Visual transduction in Drosophila

The brain's capacity to analyse and interpret information is limited ultimately by the input it receives. This sets a premium on information capacity of sensory receptors, which can be maximized by optimizing sensitivity, speed and reliability of response. Nowhere is selection pressure for information capacity stronger than in the visual system, where speed and sensitivity can mean the difference between life and death. Phototransduction in flies represents the fastest G-protein-signalling cascade known. Analysis in Drosophila has revealed many of the underlying molecular strategies, leading to the discovery and characterization of signalling molecules of widespread importance.     

Solar air conditioning researches and demonstrations in China

This paper mainly shows the demonstration of solar air conditioning systems in China, which includes LiBr-H2O absorption cooling, silica gel-water adsorption chiller, desiccant cooling and hybrid integrated energy systems for buildings. The match of solar collector types and chiller types have been discussed and suggested.     

Adaptive protein evolution in Drosophila

For over 30 years a central question in molecular evolution has been whether natural selection plays a substantial role in evolution at the DNA sequence level. Evidence has accumulated over the last decade that adaptive evolution does occur at the protein level, but it has remained unclear how prevalent adaptive evolution is. Here we present a simple method by which the number of adaptive substitutions can be estimated and apply it to data from Drosophila simulans and D. yakuba. We estimate that 45% of all amino-acid substitutions have been fixed by natural selection, and that on average one adaptive substitution occurs every 45 years in these species.     

工位空调不同送风方式的模拟分析

模拟了工位空调的3种不同送风形式(桌面送风、顶棚送风、地板送风)以及传统的中央送风方式下送风气流在人体活动区形成的温度场、速度场以及PMV的分布.结果表明使用桌面工位空调送风室内的热舒适情况较好,能量利用效率最高,优于其他工位送风方式.     

《汽车空调》课程设计探讨

该文从汽车空调维修技能培养的现状及实践教学设计思路方面讨论了汽车空调维修技能培养的方法,思路及对策,结合中职教育的现状给出相关建议,为以后的汽车空调堆修技能教学设计提供了新的思路和策略.     

Visual place learning in Drosophila melanogaster

The ability of insects to learn and navigate to specific locations in the environment has fascinated naturalists for decades. The impressive navigational abilities of ants, bees, wasps and other insects demonstrate that insects are capable of visual place learning, but little is known about the underlying neural circuits that mediate these behaviours. Drosophila melanogaster (common fruit fly) is a powerful model organism for dissecting the neural circuitry underlying complex behaviours, from sensory perception to learning and memory. Drosophila can identify and remember visual features such as size, colour and contour orientation. However, the extent to which they use vision to recall specific locations remains unclear. Here we describe a visual place learning platform and demonstrate that Drosophila are capable of forming and retaining visual place memories to guide selective navigation. By targeted genetic silencing of small subsets of cells in the Drosophila brain, we show that neurons in the ellipsoid body, but not in the mushroom bodies, are necessary for visual place learning. Together, these studies reveal distinct neuroanatomical substrates for spatial versus non-spatial learning, and establish Drosophila as a powerful model for the study of spatial memories.