Zr-Hf-Co合金储氢性能研究

研究了Hf部分替代Zr对Zr-Hf-Co合金储放氢性能的影响,结果表明:Zr-Hf-Co合金保持原始Zr-Co合金单一的立方相结构,且Hf含量变化对合金晶胞体积影响不大;随Hf替代量增加,Zr-Hf-Co合金的放氢平台压升高,100 kPa平衡放氢压力对应的放氢温度显著降低,由Zr-Co合金的673 K降低到Zr0.7Hf0.3Co合金的618 K;热力学计算结果得到Zr-Hf-Co合金的放氢反应焓变ΔH随Hf替代量增加而降低,表明Zr-Hf-Co合金氢化物的稳定性降低,有利于合金在较低温度下放氢;合金的最大吸氢量随Hf替代量增加而略有降低,但吸氢动力学性能变化不明显.     

Ti_(30)Nb_5Ta_6Zr合金的组织和力学性能研究

根据β稳定化系数kβ和d-电子理论,采用无细胞毒性合金元素Nb、Ta、Zr,设计了具有低弹性模量的新型牙科种植用近β型Ti30Nb5Ta6Zr合金,研究了合金经不同温度固溶和时效处理后的显微组织和力学性能.结果表明,合金固溶后在低温时效时析出ω相导致合金脆性.随时效温度升高,析出相由ω逐步变为α并发生粗化,使合金强度降低,但塑性得到改善.固溶温度过低（700℃）,时效后强度较低 固溶温度过高（850℃）,导致合金出现β脆性.合金在750℃固溶和500℃时效12h后强韧性好,弹性模量低于现有Ti29Nb13Ta4.6Zr合金,综合力学性能可满足牙科种植合金的要求.     

含Hf和Ta新型镍基高温合金粉末中碳化物相

对含Hf和Ta新型镍基高温合金FGH98Ⅰ等离子旋转电极(PREP)雾化原始和不同温度下预热处理粉末中的碳化物相进行了研究.结果表明:原始粉末中MC′型碳化物可分为两类,一类为富Ti、Ta和Nb,另一类为含Ta、Hf和Zr.两类碳化物均含有一定量非碳化物形成元素Co和Ni及中等强碳化物形成元素Cr和Mo,并以块状、粒状分布于枝晶或胞晶间;随着预热处理温度升高,粉末中富Ti、Ta和Nb的MC′型碳化物转变为MC型碳化物,且其所含Ti、Ta和Nb的总量增大;含Ta、Hf和Zr的MC′型碳化物发生分解和转变,析出稳定的M23C6、M6C和MC型碳化物,M23C6碳化物的析出和溶解温度为950℃和1150℃,M23C6和M6C碳化物共存温度为1000～1100℃.另外,粉末中微量元素Hf和Ta主要以碳化物和γ′相参与碳化物反应.     

半休氏勒合金LiMgAs结构和热力学性质的第一性原理计算

本文利用基于密度泛函理论的第一原理方法研究了Half-Heusler合金LiMgAs的结构性质以及热力学性质.所计算的晶格常数、弹性模量以及弹性模量对压强的导数均与实验及其他理论值相吻合.本文还计算了α、β和γ三种相的LiMgAs声子频率，发现没有虚频的α-LiMgAs热力学结构稳定，其他两相均有虚频，不稳定.本文通过准谐德拜模型，研究并获得了不同温度0～1500 K和不同压强0～70 GPa下的热膨胀系数、热容、熵、德拜温度和Grüneisen参数.我们发现，热膨胀系数、热容、熵和Grüneisen参数随温度的增加而增加，随压强的增加而减小；而温度和压强对德拜温度和弹性模量的影响和对上面其他物理量的影响恰好相反.另外，当温度高于1000 K时，热容值变化很小，遵循Dulong-Petit定律.     

NiAl-Cr(Mo)基共晶合金显微组织与力学性能的研究

通过在NiAl-Cr(Mo)合金中添加Ti、Hf 、Nb、W难熔金属研究其铸态合金、经热处理后和定向凝固合金的显微组织和力学性能.研究结果表明,铸态合金中存在4个相,即NiAl 相,α-Cr固溶体,Cr2Nb相和 Ni2Al(Ti,Hf) 相,其高温强度得到提高,在1100℃的屈服强度是467MPa,室温压缩塑性是17.87% ;经处理后的铸态合金和定向凝固合金中无Cr2Nb相,转变为富含Hf的(Hf,Ti,Nb)相;定性凝固合金的屈服强度优于铸态合金,其断裂韧性比铸态合金提高31%.     

大块金属玻璃及高熵合金的合金化作用

摘要研究了合金化对大块金属玻璃和高熵合金的组织和性能的影响．结果表明Nb元素能有效改善W纤维／Zr基大块非晶复合材料的界面结合状态,从而改善材料的力学性能;稀土Y元素大的原子半径,使合金形成的晶体产生附加的晶格畸变能,从而降低晶体的稳定性,进而使得合金玻璃形成能力也相应提高,所产生晶格畸变能的大小与形成晶体的致密度有关;Mg基大块非晶合金可以通过合金化生成长周期相韧化的复合材料,从而具有优异的塑性变形能力和比强度;高熵合金通过适当合金化手段能够形成以无序固溶体为主的组织,并具有不弱于大块非晶合金的室温力学性能．     

黄铜矿MgGeP2的几何结构，弹性性质和热学性质的研究

利用第一性原理的密度泛函方法对MgGeP_2结构性质,弹性性质和热力学性质进行了系统的研究,得到了平衡态的晶格常数,能带带隙,弹性系数和其他相关的热力学参数.通过对结果进行理论分析发现:MgGeP_2在零压下属于直接带隙半导体,带隙值为1.522eV.而弹性性质计算说明MgGeP_2是各向异性且具有良好塑性的材料.在0~40GPa的压强和0~800K温度范围内,利用准谐德拜模型理论计算了热膨胀系数,热容CV和Cp,熵和德拜温度随压强和温度的变化趋势.     

Hf、Zr添加对TiNi合金Ms点影响的电子结构分析

通过构建TiNi合金的团簇模型，利用离散变分法从电子层次研究了Hf、Zr添加对TiNi合金马氏体转变温度的影响．计算结果表明：少量Hf、Zr原子引入提高了母相单胞最强键的键级，并且随着Hf、Zr添加量的增加，其母相最强键的键级增大．同时，母相单胞(110)面的电荷密度也示出了其键的变化情况．少量Hf、Zr添加对TiNi合金马氏体转变温度的影响还可通过(110)面费米能级处的态密度大小来反映．     

Ta-C化合物物理性质的第一性原理研究

【目的】难熔金属碳化物具有优异的物理化学性能,可在众多领域中广泛使用。【方法】利用基于密度泛函的第一性原理方法对Ta-C二元体系中的TaC、Ta_2C、Ta_4C_33个金属间化合物的热力学、力学性质以及电子结构进行计算研究。【结果】本研究晶格常数计算值和实验值一致,形成焓以及弹性常数计算值和其他理论值吻合。弹性模量计算值表明TaC具有最高的体积模量、剪切模量和杨氏模量,也即其脆性最大;而Ta_2C各个模量最小,其延展性最大。电子结构和电荷密度差显示Ta的d态电子和C的p态电子有杂化的现象,并且Ta-C之间呈现离子键特征。利用德拜模型得到了3个化合物在高温高压下的热物理性质,随着温度的增加,体积模量减小,而热容以及热膨胀系数增大,其中热容在1 000K以上变化越来越小,最后接近杜隆-珀蒂极限值。随着压强的增加,体积模量增大,而热容和热膨胀系数减小。【结论】在3个化合物中,TaC的强度最高,脆性最大,而Ta_2C的强度最低,延展性最好。     

金属铀的结构,电子和热力学性质的第一性原理计算

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算方法,结合准谐德拜模型研究了金属铀α,bct,γ相的结构、电子和热力学性质。优化的晶格常数与实验及先前的理论值符合得较好。计算分析了金属铀的α相是最稳定的结构,加压到111.4GPa时,其相变成γ相。通过态密度来分析α,bct和γ相电子结构的差异。此外,计算了0~1 200K范围内,熵、等容热容热力学性质。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.