部分剪力连接的橡胶集料混凝土-钢组合梁疲劳性能试验研究

为研究橡胶集料混凝土-钢组合梁的疲劳性能,对6个试件进行疲劳试验.试验考虑了橡胶集料混凝土、剪力连接程度、栓钉直径及截面尺寸对组合梁疲劳寿命、损伤累积及破坏模式的影响.试验测试并分析了组合梁在不同荷载循环次数下的混凝土应变、残余滑移、残余挠度、滑移刚度及弯曲刚度.试验结果表明:部分剪力连接的组合梁在疲劳过程中不符合平截面假定;组合梁的疲劳破坏模式为剪跨区栓钉剪断,破坏具有较大的延性;橡胶集料混凝土能有效减小裂缝宽度,明显提高疲劳寿命,并增大残余滑移,表现出更好的延性;增大剪力连接程度可提高组合梁的疲劳寿命,并降低刚度退化作用;较大的栓钉直径使组合梁疲劳性能降低,并表现出较大的塑性.研究成果可为橡胶集料混凝土在组合梁中的应用提供依据.     

弹性混凝土与钢组合梁的疲劳性能分析及寿命预测

基于8个组合梁试件的疲劳试验结果,采用有限元计算与名义应力法相结合的方法,提出用于模拟滑移和疲劳破坏过程的精细有限元模型和计算方法.研究了混凝土中不同橡胶掺量对组合梁极限承载力、最大滑移、栓钉应力及破坏特征的影响,得到相应的应力-疲劳寿命曲线.结果表明,简支组合梁的疲劳破坏首先发生在端部栓钉,破坏过程为栓钉依次断裂.虽然疲劳断裂为脆性破坏,但组合梁在疲劳荷载作用下的整体破坏具有一定的延性.使用弹性混凝土代替普通混凝土后,组合梁的极限承载力和刚度略有降低,但延性有所提高;当橡胶掺量为5%,10%和15%时,疲劳寿命分别提高约15%,64%和125%.基于非线性数值分析得到的组合梁极限承载力和疲劳寿命与试验所测结果吻合较好,为组合梁的抗疲劳设计提供了参考.     

C50赤铁矿混凝土中栓钉的抗剪性能试验及有限元研究

针对核电厂钢板赤铁矿混凝土结构中栓钉抗剪性能的研究,进行了9个栓钉推出试验,同时采用Abaqus对其进行有限元分析,探讨了试件在C50普通混凝土和C50赤铁矿混凝土中破坏模式的区别、栓钉极限抗剪承载力、荷载-滑移曲线.分析了栓钉直径、栓钉长径比、栓钉屈服强度和赤铁矿混凝土强度对栓钉抗剪承载力的影响.研究结果表明：试验中以栓钉根部被剪断为主要破坏模式;栓钉在赤铁矿混凝土内的抗剪滑移量均小于6mm,具有脆性破坏特征.随着栓钉直径、栓钉屈服强度和赤铁矿混凝土强度的增加,其抗剪承载力均有所提高;栓钉长径比大于8时,其对抗剪承载力影响不大.进一步提出了栓钉在C50赤铁矿混凝土内抗剪承载力和荷载-滑移曲线,所提曲线与试验值和有限元值均吻合良好.     

钢-混凝土组合梁纵向抗剪非线性分析

在钢-混凝土组合梁中,栓钉传递的剪力作用在混凝土板上,当横向钢筋配筋率低于一定值时,混凝土板会发生纵向剪切破坏,从而会导致组合梁的极限承载力降低,不能充分发挥组合梁的优势.采用了ANSYS软件对组合梁进行了非线性有限元分析,并结合试验结果探讨了横向钢筋对组合梁极限受弯承载力的影响,同时对组合梁的挠度及滑移进行了分析.计算结果表明,为保证组合梁混凝土板不发生纵向抗剪破坏,横向钢筋配筋率应不小于0.6%,利用给出的模型可反映出栓钉对混凝土板的作用.     

单调荷载下体外预应力钢-混凝土组合梁的受力性能

基于3根模型梁试件的单调静力试验,对体外预应力钢-混凝土组合梁的受力性能进行了研究.研究表明:施加体外预应力可以有效提高组合梁的抗弯承载力,但试件的延性有所降低;试件纯弯段截面应变分布符合平截面假定;增大栓钉间距可以提高试件的极限变形能力,但对其抗弯承载力的影响不大;试件的抗剪连接程度越低,达到极限荷载时栓钉滑移值越大.结合试验并通过有限元建模,分析了混凝土强度等级、有效预应力、预应力筋线型、栓钉间距等对体外预应力组合梁受力性能的影响.最后,在考虑了预应力筋作用的基础上,提出了体外预应力组合梁抗弯承载力的简化计算方法,该方法可为体外预应力组合梁的设计计算提供参考.     

剪力钉连接件拉剪复合作用试验及计算模型

为了明确钢-混组合梁桥中剪力钉连接件在拉剪共同作用下的承载性能,设计并进行了5组高强混凝土剪力钉抗拉、抗剪和拉剪复合作用模型试验,得到了剪力钉的荷载-滑移曲线,分析比较了不同荷载条件下剪力钉的破坏模式与抗剪性能。结合试验结果,推导了拉力作用下剪力钉弹性变形阶段、塑性发展阶段的荷载-滑移关系式,提出了拉剪复合作用荷载-滑移关系三折线形计算模型;基于试验结果和相关文献数据,分析评价了不同规范中剪力钉抗拉、抗剪承载力的计算公式,并提出了改进的拉剪复合作用承载力关系式。研究结果表明:拉剪复合作用下,试件抗剪承载力随拉力的增加显著减小,当拉力施力比为0.6时,抗剪承载力较纯剪切状态减小约31%;拉力会导致剪力钉的弹性剪切刚度下降,但对滑移性能的影响没有明显规律。提出的改进拉剪复合作用承载力计算公式与相关试验数据吻合较好;建立的三折线形模型计算结果安全,能准确预测拉剪复合作用下剪力钉连接件荷载-滑移曲线的发展规律,体现拉力对剪切刚度和抗剪承载力的折减作用。     

钢与钢纤维混凝土组合梁栓钉连接件的性能试验

对钢与普通混凝土组合梁的栓钉连接件和钢与钢纤维混凝土组合梁的栓钉连接件进行推出试验.研究钢与钢纤维混凝土组合梁栓钉连接件的抗剪性能,并和钢与普通混凝土组合梁的栓钉连接件的抗剪性能进行对比.通过比较分析发现:钢与钢纤维混凝土组合梁栓钉连接件的抗剪承载力高于钢与普通混凝土组合梁栓钉连接件的抗剪承载力;钢与钢纤维混凝土组合梁栓钉连接件的极限承载力对应的滑移值明显大于钢与普通混凝土组合梁栓钉连接件的极限承载力对应的滑移值.对钢与钢纤维混凝土组合梁栓钉连接件抗剪承载能力的理论计算提出建议.     

钢-混凝土预制板组合梁的组合性能

通过制作了12个推出试件,研究了栓钉连接件在不同工作环境下的抗剪承载力及其抗滑移性能;并对不同孔型、不同抗剪连接度的3根钢-混凝土预制板组合梁进行了静力性能试验,对比分析了钢-混凝土预制板组合梁的荷载-滑移、荷载-挠度、荷载-组合梁全截面应变及截面整体工作性能.结果表明:预留后灌孔为方孔推出试件的栓钉承载力比圆孔好;孔内填充混凝土强度对栓钉承载力影响很大,孔内混凝土强度高则栓钉承载力好;3根试验梁的截面应变分布满足平截面假定的要求,且均为弯曲破坏形式;组合梁具有良好的组合效应及受弯性能,完全抗剪连接的组合梁与部分抗剪的承载力接近,但完全抗剪组合梁钢梁与混凝土板界面间得滑移值明显小于后者.本文结果将增进对钢-混凝土预制板组合梁的理解和认识,为今后改进该类型梁工程设计提供有价值的参考.     

栓钉锈蚀情况下组合梁极限承载力的一种计算方法

为了研究栓钉锈蚀对组合梁极限承载力的影响,通过对栓钉锈蚀率不同的钢-混凝土组合梁进行极限承载力破坏试验,对试验结果进行理论分析,并基于组合梁的不完全抗剪连接理论,提出了栓钉锈蚀后组合梁极限承载力计算公式.结果表明:栓钉锈蚀将导致组合梁的极限承载力降低,且极限承载力随着栓钉锈蚀率的增加呈线性下降趋势;将栓钉锈蚀率与组合梁...     

后结合预应力组合梁负弯矩区混凝土开裂性能试验

为了研究后结合预应力技术改善混凝土桥面板组合梁在负弯矩作用下的受力性能,特别是混凝土的开裂性能,设计制作了2根组合梁(一根是常规混凝土桥面板组合梁,另一根是后结合预应力混凝土桥面板组合梁),进行了2根组合梁的静力试验.测试了在不同荷载作用下组合梁的变形、不同截面上构件的应变分布、混凝土的裂缝、钢与混凝土之间的相对滑移以及极限承载力等.试验结果表明:后结合预应力混凝土板连续组合梁的初始开裂荷载和正常使用状态的极限荷载分别是普通连续组合梁的3.87倍和5.38倍,说明采用后结合预应力混凝土桥面板能够大大提高组合梁负弯矩区混凝土的抗裂性能.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with